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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The ELSI Research Program and Genetic Nondiscrimination Legislation: A Study in Science and Public Poilicy

DeWeese, Pamela 26 July 2002 (has links)
The Human Genome Project, a multi-national initiative to map and sequence the entire human genome, is expected to reach completion in the year 2003. One of the more immediate and direct results of this remarkable scientific effort is an increase in both the number and range of genetic tests available. Although there is enormous value in the knowledge gained from information that predicts present or future disease, there are also some risks. This thesis, based on the content analysis of genetic nondiscrimination legislation and evidence obtained from individuals involved in the policy formation process, reveals how the Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) Program of the U.S. Human Genome Project is dealing with the possibility that insurers and employers will misuse genetic information. The findings from both the content analysis and the lived experience survey demonstrate that the ELSI program has made a substantial impact on forming this legislation. / Master of Science
2

[pt] A VEDAÇÃO À DISCRIMINAÇÃO GENÉTICA SOB A ÓTICA CIVIL CONSTITUCIONAL / [en] THE PROHIBITION OF GENETIC DISCRIMINATION UNDER THE CIVIL CONSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE

THIAGO DE FREITAS PEREIRA 17 January 2020 (has links)
[pt] Cuida-se de dissertação de mestrado sobre a proibição da discriminação genética à luz do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, com base na metodologia civil constitucional. Esclarece-se que tal recorte é analisado não apenas em conjugações interdisciplinares, mas também em sua relevância teórica e nas polêmicas trazidas pelo tema face a ordenamentos jurídicos e ao seio social. Como justificativa, afirma-se a necessidade de estabelecer novo padrão de conduta para análises acerca do direito à privacidade, no feixe da genética, para que fenômenos de preocupação científica, como discriminação genética, sejam enxergados de maneiras oxigenadas e humanizadas à luz do direito. O fenômeno se dá em diversas searas. Na esfera cível, que mais nos interessa, algumas empresas do ramo dos seguros começam a exigir a realização de exames genéticos ao contratante, tornando-se comum a rejeição de sua adesão quando tais testes apontam predisposição a doenças. Além disso, há relatos de pessoas impedidas de adotar crianças devido a tendências genéticas, e empregadores que não contratam indivíduos em razão de tal discriminação. Buscou-se promover um panorama acerca da privacidade genética, voltado a avaliar criticamente a discriminação genética. Especificamente, procurou-se: i) traçar histórico da genética – mormente no que se refere à sua ligação com o direito à privacidade; ii) analisar doutrina, nacional e estrangeira, acerca do tema; iii) averiguar a origem, o conceito, os motivos, o impacto e o nível de gravidade da discriminação genética nas diversas instâncias sociais – especialmente a visão coletiva da sociedade brasileira –, iv) propor soluções viáveis, visando conciliar interesses conflitantes, de modo a reforçar a proibição de mais essa forma odiosa de discriminação. Como resultado, chegou-se à conclusão de que a discriminação genética é uma forma de violação severa a diversos direitos da personalidade, devendo ser coibida de maneira incisiva pelos mecanismos do Poder Público e igualmente combatida nos setores privados da sociedade. / [en] The present work is a Master Thesis in Law about the prohibition of the genetic discrimination in the light of the Brazilian legal order, based on the civilconstitutional methodology. It must be clear that the chosen subject is to be analyzed not only in interdisciplinary conjugations but also in its relevance as a theory and the controversies brought by the theme face to legal orders and within society. As a justification of such choice, it is affirmed the need of establishing a new pattern of conduct for analysis about the right to privacy, in the genetics field, so that phenomena of growing worry, such as genetic discrimination, come to be regarded in oxygenized and humanized ways according to the law. The phenomenon occurs in various fields. On the civil sphere, which interests the most to the present work, some insurance companies are starting to demand the ongoing of genetic exams to the adherent, becoming common the rejection of his or her adhesion when such trials show a predisposition to illnesses. Other than that, there are already narratives of people whose demands of adoption were denied due to genetic tendencies, and even of employers who will not hire individuals because of such discrimination. This was a pursuit for promoting a panorama about genetic privacy, focused on critically evaluating genetic discrimination. Specifically, the goals were: i) to trace a historical background of genetics, especially in which ways it connects with the right to privacy; ii) to analyze national and foreign doctrine about the theme; iii) to investigate the origins, the concept, the reasons, the impact and the severity level of genetic discrimination in various social instances – mainly the collective vision of the Brazilian society about it; iv) to propose viable solutions, willing to conciliate shocking interests, in ways to reinforce the prohibition of this new odious form of discrimination. As a result, the conclusion acquired was that genetic discrimination is a form of severe violation to several personality rights, and it must be incisively prohibited by the Public Power s means, beyond equally fought in the private sectors of the society.

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