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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

[en] CRYPTO-COMPRESSION PREFIX CODING / [pt] CODIFICAÇÃO LIVRE DE PREFIXO PARA CRIPTO-COMPRESSÃO

CLAUDIO GOMES DE MELLO 16 May 2007 (has links)
[pt] Cifragem e compressão de dados são funcionalidades essencias quando dados digitais são armazenados ou transmitidos através de canais inseguros. Geralmente, duas operações sequencias são aplicadas: primeiro, compressão de dados para economizar espaço de armazenamento e reduzir custos de transmissão, segundo, cifragem de dados para prover confidencialidade. Essa solução funciona bem para a maioria das aplicações, mas é necessário executar duas operações caras, e para acessar os dados, é necessário primeiro decifrar e depois descomprimir todo o texto cifrado para recuperar a informação. Neste trabalho são propostos algoritmos que realizam tanto compressão como cifragem de dados. A primeira contribuição desta tese é o algoritmo ADDNULLS - Inserção Seletiva de Nulos. Este algoritmo usa a técnica da esteganografia para esconder os símbolos codificados em símbolos falsos. É baseado na inserção seletiva de um número variável de símbolos nulos após os símbolos codificados. É mostrado que as perdas nas taxas de compressão são relativamente pequenas. A segunda contribuição desta tese é o algoritmo HHC - Huffman Homofônico-Canônico. Este algoritmo cria uma nova árvore homofônica baseada na árvore de Huffman canônica original para o texto de entrada. Os resultados dos experimentos são mostrados. A terceira contribuição desta tese é o algoritmo RHUFF - Huffman Randomizado. Este algoritmo é uma variante do algoritmo de Huffman que define um procedimento de cripto-compressão que aleatoriza a saída. O objetivo é gerar textos cifrados aleatórios como saída para obscurecer as redundâncias do texto original (confusão). O algoritmo possui uma função de permutação inicial, que dissipa a redundância do texto original pelo texto cifrado (difusão). A quarta contribuição desta tese é o algoritmo HSPC2 - Códigos de Prefixo baseados em Substituição Homofônica com 2 homofônicos. No processo de codificação, o algoritmo adiciona um bit de sufixo em alguns códigos. Uma chave secreta e uma taxa de homofônicos são parâmetros que controlam essa inserção. É mostrado que a quebra do HSPC2 é um problema NP- Completo. / [en] Data compression and encryption are essential features when digital data is stored or transmitted over insecure channels. Usually, we apply two sequential operations: first, we apply data compression to save disk space and to reduce transmission costs, and second, data encryption to provide confidentiality. This solution works fine for most applications, but we have to execute two expensive operations, and if we want to access data, we must first decipher and then decompress the ciphertext to restore information. In this work we propose algorithms that achieve both compressed and encrypted data. The first contribution of this thesis is the algorithm ADDNULLS - Selective Addition of Nulls. This algorithm uses steganographic technique to hide the real symbols of the encoded text within fake ones. It is based on selective insertion of a variable number of null symbols after the real ones. It is shown that coding and decoding rates loss are small. The disadvantage is ciphertext expansion. The second contribution of this thesis is the algorithm HHC - Homophonic- Canonic Huffman. This algorithm creates a new homophonic tree based upon the original canonical Huffman tree for the input text. It is shown the results of the experiments. Adding security has not significantly decreased performance. The third contribution of this thesis is the algorithm RHUFF - Randomized Huffman. This algorithm is a variant of Huffman codes that defines a crypto-compression algorithm that randomizes output. The goal is to generate random ciphertexts as output to obscure the redundancies in the plaintext (confusion). The algorithm uses homophonic substitution, canonical Huffman codes and a secret key for ciphering. The secret key is based on an initial permutation function, which dissipates the redundancy of the plaintext over the ciphertext (diffusion). The fourth contribution of this thesis is the algorithm HSPC2 - Homophonic Substitution Prefix Codes with 2 homophones. It is proposed a provably secure algorithm by using a homophonic substitution algorithm and a key. In the encoding process, the HSPC2 function appends a one bit suffx to some codes. A secret key and a homophonic rate parameters control this appending. It is shown that breaking HSPC2 is an NP-Complete problem.
2

Universal homophonic coding

Stevens, Charles Cater 11 1900 (has links)
Redundancy in plaintext is a fertile source of attack in any encryption system. Compression before encryption reduces the redundancy in the plaintext, but this does not make a cipher more secure. The cipher text is still susceptible to known-plaintext and chosen-plaintext attacks. The aim of homophonic coding is to convert a plaintext source into a random sequence by randomly mapping each source symbol into one of a set of homophones. Each homophone is then encoded by a source coder after which it can be encrypted with a cryptographic system. The security of homophonic coding falls into the class of unconditionally secure ciphers. The main advantage of homophonic coding over pure source coding is that it provides security both against known-plaintext and chosen-plaintext attacks, whereas source coding merely protects against a ciphertext-only attack. The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the implementation of an adaptive homophonic coder based on an arithmetic coder. This type of homophonic coding is termed universal, as it is not dependent on the source statistics. / Computer Science / M.Sc. (Computer Science)
3

Universal homophonic coding

Stevens, Charles Cater 11 1900 (has links)
Redundancy in plaintext is a fertile source of attack in any encryption system. Compression before encryption reduces the redundancy in the plaintext, but this does not make a cipher more secure. The cipher text is still susceptible to known-plaintext and chosen-plaintext attacks. The aim of homophonic coding is to convert a plaintext source into a random sequence by randomly mapping each source symbol into one of a set of homophones. Each homophone is then encoded by a source coder after which it can be encrypted with a cryptographic system. The security of homophonic coding falls into the class of unconditionally secure ciphers. The main advantage of homophonic coding over pure source coding is that it provides security both against known-plaintext and chosen-plaintext attacks, whereas source coding merely protects against a ciphertext-only attack. The aim of this dissertation is to investigate the implementation of an adaptive homophonic coder based on an arithmetic coder. This type of homophonic coding is termed universal, as it is not dependent on the source statistics. / Computer Science / M.Sc. (Computer Science)

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