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Práce se ve své teoretické části zabývá manažerským poradenstvím v oblasti IT a definuje produkty IT poradenství dle literatury. V praktické části je provedena analýza trhu IT poradenství v ČR a následně analýza tří vybraných IT poradenských společností v České republice. Na základě této analýzy je v závěru této práce zpracován model úspěšné IT poradenské firmy.

Architektura orientovaná na služby, je přístupem k budování flexibilní a agilní architektury aplikací, která bude schopna v krátkém čase a s nižšími náklady reagovat na změny požadované ze strany businessu. Aby však organizace skutečně v SOA získala zdroj konkurenční výhody, je třeba zaměřit se kromě aplikací a architektury i na jejich správu a řízení IT se zohledněním specifik, které SOA do této oblasti přináší. Mezi hlavní podmínky efektivního provozu SOA patří optimální implementace procesů, organizační opatření a nástroje pro správu a monitoring architektury, aplikací a podpůrné infrastruktury. Předmětem této práce je poskytnutí celkového pohledu právě na roli procesů a nástrojů pro správu architektury orientované na služby a modelový příklad řízení SOA v telekomunikační firmě.

Nachdem in den letzten Jahren die TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) von IT-Systemen stärker in das Bewußtsein der Unternehmen rückten, wurden schnell Werkzeuge zur optimaleren Verwaltung von IT-Systemen angeboten. Unter Verwendung und Weiterentwicklung bereits bestehender Werkzeugen zum Netzwerkmanagement wurden integrierte Lösungen angeboten. Der Begriff 'Enterprise-IT-Management' war geboren. Wie immer bei solchen neuen Begriffen, die von Herstellern zugehöriger Werkzeuge stammen, wird auch beim Enterprise-IT-Management eine einheitliche Definition vermißt. Die Arbeit gibt eine Überblick über das Thema Enterprise-IT-Management und seiner Teildisziplinen. Dabei wird eine Definition der Teile angegeben, anhand derer Produkte hinsichtlich ihrer Fähigkeiten und besonders hinsichtlich ihrer Vollständigkeit verglichen werden können. Weiter Abschnitt wird am Beipiel der SBS GmbH & Co. OHG dargestellt, wie IT-Systeme heute verwaltet werden. Anschließend wird eine mögliche Integration aller dieser Arbeiten zu beschrieben, die das Management optimieren könnte. Dabei wird auch auf notwendige Umstrukturierungen der Tätigkeiten im Unternehmen eingegangen. Letztlich soll ein Überblick über derzeit am Markt verfügbare Werkzeuge gegeben und ein Vergleich hinsichtlich einiger Eigenschaften der Produkte durchgeführt werden, die an administrativen Erfordernissen des IT-Management orientiert sind.

Diploma thesis provides an overview of IT project management and its methodologies. It follows the goal of exploring the most widely used approaches. Special attention is devoted to recognize the position of IT project management between general management and technical computer perspectives. Chosen methods will be compared to identify common elements and differences.

Tato práce se zabývá jednou z významných částí fungování velkých korporací, tedy Compliance, se zvláštní pozorností na IT management. Diplomová práce zevrubně prozkoumává danou oblast. Tento průzkum si klade zároveň za cíl nalezení obtíží, ke kterým dochází v každodenní praxi. Následně je nastíněn způsob možných řešení zjištěných problematických jevů.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / This current research revealed the need to design an information architecture model for Data Governance In order to reduce the gap between the Information Technology versus the Information Management. The model designed to make a balance between the need to invest in technology and the ability to manage the information that is originated from the use of those technologies, as well as to measure with greater precision the generation of IT value through the use of quality information and user satisfaction. In order to test our model we take a case of study in the Higher Education sector in Peru in order to demonstrate the successful data governance projects with this model. 1

For decades, the importance of information technology (IT) for organizations has continuously increased. To ensure effective IT management and operations, to enable the business, and to stay competitive, many large organizations appoint a Chief Information Officer (CIO) as their highest-ranked IT executive (Preston et al., 2008). While many small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) face similar challenges concerning IT, they often lack the resources to employ a full-time IT executive (Bhagwat & Sharma, 2007; Cragg et al., 2013). However, Kamariotou and Kitsios (2022) find that strategic planning and alignment with IT are important determinants for increasing an SME’s business value. An increasing number of SMEs started to employ CIOs part-time to avoid the risk of not staying competitive and losing business value (Moise, 2021; Pratt, 2022). Such so-called “Fractional CIOs” are often highly experienced and skilled individuals working for multiple SMEs simultaneously (Kratzer et al., 2022). By contracting a Fractional CIO, SMEs benefit in various ways. First, they get an experienced IT leader at a fraction of the cost. Second, they remain flexible concerning billable hours and the time horizon of the engagement. Third, they are receiving an outside-in perspective and might profit from the Fractional CIO’s experience gained from simultaneous engagements. Even though the Fractional CIO role benefits SMEs, adoption and awareness are still low. Further, substantial research on the novel role is missing. This dissertation aims to establish a new stream in CIO research that explores the role of the Fractional CIO. Our comprehensive literature review of the CIO research field provides the basis for this research (Kratzer et al., 2023b). As we explore this novel phenomenon, we are also interested in how to best report research findings. We, therefore, aim to conceptualize techniques to convey novel phenomena in information systems (IS) research in an illustrative way. Hence, we posed the following overarching research questions: RQ1: How can novel phenomena be communicated in an illustrative yet rigorous way in research papers? RQ2: What is the state-of-the-art in the CIO research field, and what are further avenues for research? RQ3: What concepts provide SMEs with the experienced IT executive management they need? RQ4: What makes Fractional CIO engagements successful? RQ5: How does the role of the Fractional CIO take shape in practice in the German market? These overarching research questions are answered through six consecutive publications. 1) 'Literary Sketches in Information Systems Research: Conceptualization and Guidance for Using Vignettes as a Narrative Form' This paper is conceptual and has a methodological focus on the use of vignettes. The paper contributes to the usage of vignettes as a narrative form in academic research, providing a taxonomy that structures vignettes and identifies three archetypes. By conceptualizing vignettes through a taxonomy and archetypes, we create transparency for the usage of vignettes, encourage the use of vignettes, and provide recommendations how to use them more rigorously. Long term, this might contribute to a better exchange between academia and practice through better comprehensibility of academic papers. 2) 'Four Decades of Chief Information Officer Research: A Literature Review and Research Agenda Based on Main Path Analysis' In this paper, we conducted a bibliographic literature review using main path analysis, which helped to objectively identify existing topics based on their importance. We also illustrated the knowledge flow in CIO research by identifying major and emerging research streams and analyzing their evolution over time. Additionally, we aggregated central papers in CIO research and developed a research agenda to provide guidance for future research. Overall, this paper helps to advance the understanding of the CIO research field and provides insights for researchers and practitioners. 3) 'The Fractional CIO in SMEs: Conceptualization and Research Agenda' With this paper, we were the first to conceptualize the role of the Fractional CIO and to develop a research agenda for this novel research field. The results from this paper contribute to research and practice in several ways. First, we are the first authors to conceptualize the role of the Fractional CIO, derive a definition, compare it to existing CIO role research, and derive four engagement types. Second, we develop a research agenda to guide future research in the new Fractional CIO research field. Third, we contribute to practice by promoting the role’s awareness among potential Fractional CIOs and organizations. Fourth, we show that Fractional CIO services are versatile and can benefit organizations of different sizes and maturity levels, and there are diverse possibilities for evolution. 4) 'What Makes Fractional CIO Engagements in SMEs Successful? – A Research Framework' In this paper, we developed a research framework for Fractional CIO engagement success. It makes contributions to research and practice. First, we propose a research framework for Fractional CIO engagement success and, therefore, develop a common ground for future research. Second, we provide practical advice for Fractional CIOs and SMEs regarding factors for engagement success. Third, we raise awareness about the Fractional CIO role that may benefit many SMEs around the world. 5) 'Factors for Fractional CIO Engagement Success' In this paper, we used Q-methodology to empirically evaluate the relative importance of factors influencing Fractional CIO engagement success and to identify different viewpoints on engagement success. Our paper makes several contributions to research and practice. First, our paper is the first to identify and evaluate the importance of factors for Fractional CIO engagement success. Therefore, it serves as a basis for further research in the new Fractional CIO research field. Second, we find that upper echelon theory (Hambrick & Mason, 1984) can be applied to executives independent of their contractual relationship in cases of comparable responsibilities. Third, by thoroughly applying Q-methodology, we showcase an exploratory tool for identifying opinions and preferences of participants and clustering them accordingly. This approach provides guidance for other IS scholars to apply it. Fourth, we develop preliminary archetypes of Fractional CIOs and, based on that, provide tentative advice for Fractional CIOs and organizations that hire them. These preliminary archetypes enabled us to identify further theoretical explanations of this phenomenon. In addition to transaction cost theory, agency theory, and upper echelon perspective, we found that stewardship theory and dynamic capabilities explain additional characteristics of Full-ownership CIOs and Change Agents. 6) 'Mehr als Vollzeit: Fractional CIOs in KMUs' This paper summarizes the results of our previous studies regarding the Fractional CIO role in German language and conducts semi-structured interviews with three Fractional CIOs from Germany to complement it with a perspective on the German market. Overall, we find that the Fractional CIO role in the German market is performed similarly to the international market. The interviewed German Fractional CIOs/CTOs could not clearly identify any hurdles that might explain the low adoption of the role. However, all three German Fractional CIOs agree that German SMEs would strongly benefit from Fractional CIOs. (References to be found in the full text)

The thesis deals with information technologies on different levels of management. The first chapter analyzes a strategy level and a function of strategic documents in the IT management analyzed. The second half of the theoretical part deals with IT governance, its connection to the strategic management, and its chosen tools - decision-rights structure, service-level agreements, and accounting (focused on chargeback). The practical part of the thesis deals with IT management at the University of Economics in Prague. It analyzes and evaluates strategic documents from the IT management point of view. The second half of the practical part evaluates possibility of implementing the chosen tools of IT governance in the university's IT management.

A computação em nuvem é um modelo que catalisa mudanças marcantes na forma com que a Tecnologia da Informação é distribuída. Como benefícios, sobressai-se a viabilidade de acesso rápido, de qualquer lugar, a recursos disponibilizados como serviços e utilizados sob demanda, subsidiando a criação de novos modelos de negócios. Entretanto, com os ativos da TI externos à organização, aumenta-se o interesse por estudos sobre adoção. A literatura retrata a utilização de vários modelos de adoção, entre eles o TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) e o TOE (Technology-Organizational-enviroment framework). Uma pesquisa que utilizou a combinação TAM-TOE revelou bom grau de previsão da adoção pelo modelo, porém indicou a necessidade de estudos de casos para aprofundar o tema em outros contextos, ensejando a questão: como ocorre o processo de adoção da computação em nuvem em relação às questões organizacionais e ambientais? Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura para confirmar lacunas de pesquisa e estender o modelo TAM-TOE, destacando-se elementos da teoria institucional no processo de adoção. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e estruturada por meio de estudos de casos múltiplos, com unidade de análise definida pelo estudo do processo de adoção de um serviço de nuvem em empresa de grande porte caracterizada como suporte no modelo de grade estratégica da TI. Sete unidades foram analisadas abordando-se influência das pressões institucionais sobre a alta gestão, as avaliações dos serviços e os termos de licenciamento dos contratos. O estudo contribui para a elucidação de comportamentos diferenciados das pressões institucionais sobre a alta gestão na decisão de adoção, destacando-se os mecanismos coercitivos. Expõe situações onde a gestão dos serviços requer a participação da TI sob o modo tradicional e discute aspectos contratuais sobre o licenciamento de serviços. Por fim, apresenta-se uma reflexão sobre a utilização do modelo, do método e limitações da pesquisa, com a indicação de estudos futuros para aprofundar as contribuições indicadas em outros contextos. / Cloud Computing is a model that has brought revolutionary changes in the way Information Technology (IT) is distributed. As benefits, it stands out the feasibility of fast access possible from anywhere to resources made available as on-demand services that help to create new business models. However, with IT assets outside the organization, interest in adoption studies have increased. The literature describes the use of several adoption models, among which are the Technology-Acceptance-Model (TAM) and the Technology-Organizational-environment (TOE). One research used the TAM-TOE combination and revealed a good degree of prediction to justify adoptions, but indicated the need for case studies to better understanding of adoptions in other contexts, raising the question: how should the process of adopting cloud computing occur regarding organizational and environmental questions? A systematic literature review was conducted to confirm research gaps and to broaden the TAM-TOE model, highlighting elements of institutional theory and its influence in the adoption process. This is a qualitative, descriptive and structured research using multiple case studies, with unit of analysis defined by the study of the process of adopting a cloud service in a large company characterized as support in the IT strategic grid model. Seven units were analyzed by addressing institutional pressures on top management, service evaluations and contract licensing terms. The study contributes to the elucidation of different behaviors of the institutional pressures on the top management in the decision making for its adoption, emphasizing the coercive mechanisms. It exposes situations in which the service management might require the participation of IT in the traditional way and the discussion of contractual aspects about the licensing of services. Finally, a reflection on the use of the model, method and limitations of the research is presented, indicating future studies.