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STUDENT NUMBER: 0407481N SCHOOL FOR HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES MASTER OF ARTS IN FORCED MIGRATION STUDIES / Proponents of migrants rights often posit that distinct legislation not only secure migrants rights in host countries, but also enhance the ideals of liberal democracies in which policing is regulated by the rule of law, impartiality and respect for due process. The potential for discrimination by host communities to some categories of migrants is deemed to underscore the importance of migration laws. Critics argue that such laws undermine the very rights they are supposed to protect in that they set different standards for the treatment of migrants. In this study, based on evidence from research with Somali migrants in Johannesburg, South Africa, study I argue that legal documents as evidence of legal status have little significance in the policing of migrants. This paradox can be explained by three main reasons; first, the issuance, retention and renewal of these documents is characterized by irregularities and corruption that undermine the legitimacy of the document, giving the police enough grounds for suspicion. Second the political and social context in which policing of migrants is done undermines the significance of their legal status. The anti-migration sentiment among the nationals effectively sets different standards for policing of migrants. Third, the legal framework gives the police the dual and potentially conflicting responsibilities of regulating migration on the one hand and protecting migrants on the other hand. The police have taken their regulation responsibility to be synonymous with that of gate-keeping whereby migrants are separated and denied access to government services. This role of gate – keeping is manipulated by the police for their own ends while citizens and politicians directly or indirectly sanction their extra-legal actions when dealing with migrants.

The purpose of my thesis is to analyse the legal regulations related to the protection of animals against cruelty. Many jurisdictions around the world have enacted statutes which forbid cruelty to animals because of the recognition of an animal's ability to feel pain. I also tried to summarize also the legal sources in European as well as in our legislation. The thesis is composed of four chapters, each of them dealing with different overview of animal cruelty laws. Chapter One is introductory and defines basic terminology used in the thesis. The chapter is subdivided into four parts. These parts deal with philosophical claims about the status of animals and the first tendency to protect them. Part Four focuses on animal welfare. Animal welfare is the viewpoint that all animals, especially those under human care, should be treated in such a way that they do not suffer unnecessarily. Chapter Two reports on international protection of animals. Many organizations all around the world are trying to convince governments and key decision makers to change practices and introduce new laws to protect or improve the welfare of animals. The most important Conventions signed by the member states of the Council of Europe are mentioned. Chapter Three is concerned with the European Union and its approach to...

This thesis deals with the legislation related to the protection of animals against cruelty. The focus is mainly given to the present legislation, though the historical development is mentioned as well. The international and european legislation is resumed in the thesis as the european legislation has signifiant impact on the czech one. However the utmost focus is given to the czech legislation. The fundamental legal regulation in the domain of protection animals against cruelty is Act No. 246/1992. The main aim of this thesis is to provide comprehensive review of legislation, which concerns with the given domain of law and its projection into the practice.

- aj Excessive noise occupies a number of factors threatening our environment is an increasingly important place. It does not even reach extremely high levels, yet a negative effect on mental performance, impairs mental well-being affects the quality of sleep, or cause annoyance, because a person is forced to perceive unwanted sounds. The most important and geographically most widespread source of noise is traffic. The largest share of the total noise in the Czech Republic has the vehicular traffic, the smaller share of the load is noise from rail and air transportation. The subject of my thesis is the protection against noise, especially in outside - employment environment, which is currently considered as a very significant source of danger to human health and environment. Introductory chapter no. 2 contains the substance of the basic concepts - sound, noise, emissions and pollution of noise, vibration, further indicates the negative effects of noise on human health and suggests possible measures to reduce noise. Chapter no. 3 is devoted to European legislation, protection against noise and vibration. First, briefly discusses the process of European integration, the main objectives and EU institutions. Further defines the sources of EU law and the main objectives and principles of European...

Legal regulation of animal testing The diploma thesis is analyzing current legislation in the field of animal experiments. It is formed by five chapters and each chapter is concerned with different aspects of animal protection, when focusing on experimental animals in particular. The first chapter is divided into three subchapters and it is successively describing development of animal experiments, progress of legislation dealing with animal protection and experimental animal protection on the international and European level, when analyzed is also Czech legislation in the last subchapter. Second chapter is focused on the basic legal sources and its legal foundation. It has four subchapters, when every subchapter explains relevant terms, which are being formulated in the experimental animal protection law. This chapter of the diploma thesis also involves sections dedicated to experiments and alternative methods of the experiments. Following chapter of the thesis (chapter nr. 3) describes legislation of the experimental animal protection and it is constituted by three subchapters, which are regarding ensuring expertness of the experiments, farming of and caring for the experimental animals and also approving, progress and finishing the process of the experiment. Every subchapter is then divided into...

(English) The purpose of my thesis is to analyse possibilities provided by current legislation to protect individuals against negative effects caused by exessive noise and vibration. The reason for my research is that at the beginning of the new century noise and vibration became one of the most dangerous sources able to threaten or even demage men's health and environment. The thesis is composed of six chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of noise and vibration. There is always a short summary at the end of each chapter. Chapter One is introductory and defines basic terminology used in the thesis: sound, noise and vibration. The chapter is subdivided into five parts. Part One explains the physical and legal meaning of noise and vibration. Part Two describes the main sources of exessive noise and vibration. Part Three analysis negative effects on human health. Part Four compares noise and vibration protection measures. Part Five mentions the mostly used environmental legal instruments. Chapter Two examines international legislation concerning noise and vibration. The chapter consists of two parts. Part One focuses on documents issued by WHO. Part Two deals with activties of ILO. Chapter Three is subdivided into six parts and provides an outline of European Union law. Part One...

This diploma thesis focuses on the legal regulation of horse breeding. It analyses and describes the applicable legislation in the Czech Republic, evaluates its shortcomings and suggests possible improvements. At the same time, the thesis connects the description of the legal regulation with best practise examples. The legislation of horse breeding is mostly represented within public law, but it can be found also in private law, making the orientation on this topic much more difficult. The knowledge of legislation and their provision to the widest possible range of people plays the key assumption for the better following of regulations. Despite the annual increase of horses in the Czech Republic, less attention is paid to this area. The diploma thesis consists of nine chapters, which are divided for simplicity into subchapters. The first chapter creates an introduction. It refers to the development and changes in the use of horses in the Czech Republic and it sets goals of the thesis. In the chapter two, the legal status of horse is defined in both, private and public law. The third chapter consists of legislation of horse breeding, taking evidence and labelling of horses. It highlights the shortcomings associated with the labelling of horses. The fourth chapter describes the legislation on protection of...

in English - Environmental migrants The purpose of my thesis is to analyse both the status quo as well as the possible evolution of the policy framework of the environmental migration. The thesis is composed of five chapters, each of them dealing with different aspects of environmental migration. Chapter one is introductory and describes an overview of the historical content of environmental migration. Environmental migration is not a new phenomenon. Natural and human-made environmental disasters have caused migration of people in the past and continue to do so. This chapter addresses the linkage between environment and migration, which led to the elaboration of a typology of environmental migration. Chapter two characterises the most frequently used definitions of environmental migrants. Environmental migration has been the subject of lively debate in recent years but there is still no internationally agreed definition of environmental migrant. Chapter three examines relevant current legislation concerned to environmental migration. It discusses refugee law, statelessness, humanitarian law and human rights law. The current legal framework for dealing with the issues surrounding environmental migration is underdeveloped. Chapter four concentrates on possible proposed protection regimes. This...

Resumé - Protection of Selected Industrial Property Rights and International Law Within the last approx. two hundred years, industrial production has made a huge progress and at the same time international trade has grown very significantly. The need of industrial property protection of a good quality at the international level led to conclusion of many multilateral international treaties mainly at the WIPO and also to the creation of international systems which ensure the needed level of industrial property protection and also facilitate international cooperation as well as the process of applying and administration of rights in several countries. At its very beginning, the thesis describes the industrial property in general and it deals with its definition, conception and specificity since it is essential for better understanding of the following chapters. In the next step, the thesis presents the cornerstones and the most important treaties of the industrial property field from the international perspective. These are the Paris Convention and the TRIPS Agreement - two treaties that even today keep their high significance. In this context, there is also a section concerning the essential international organization in this field - the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), but it also deals with...