Henry Black was born in Adelaide in 1858, but arrived in Japan in 1864 after his father became editor of the Japan Herald. In the late 1870s, Henry Black addressed meetings of members of the Freedom and People�s Rights Movement. His talks were inspired by nineteenth-century theories of natural rights. That experience led to his becoming a professional storyteller (rakugoka) affiliated with the San�y� school of storytelling (San�yuha). Black�s storytelling (rakugo) in the 1880s and 1890s was an attempt by the San�y�ha to modernise rakugo. By adapting European sensation fiction, Black blended European and Japanese elements to create hybridised landscapes and characters as blueprints for audiences negotiating changes synonymous with modernity during the Meiji period. The narrations also portrayed the negative impacts of change wrought through emulation of nineteenth-century Britain�s Industrial Revolution. His 1894 adaptation of Oliver Twist or his 1885 adaptation of Mary Braddon�s Flower and Weed, for example, were early warnings about the evils of child labour and the exploitation of women in unregulated textile factories. Black�s kabuki performances parallel politically and artistically inspired attempts to reform kabuki by elevating its status as an art suitable for imperial and foreign patronage. The printing of his narrations in stenographic books (sokkibon) ensured that his ideas reached a wide audience. Because he was not an officially hired foreigner (yatoi), and his narrations have not entered the rakugo canon, Black has largely been forgotten. A study of his role as a mediator of modernity during the 1880s and 1890s shows that he was an agent in the transfer to a mass audience of European ideas associated with modernity, frequently ahead of intellectuals and mainstream literature. An examination of Black�s career helps broaden our knowledge of the role of foreigners and rakugo in shaping modern Japan.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2007. / "Graduate Program in Anthropology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 422-458).

Mass., Harvard Univ., Diss.--Cambridge, 1994.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1990. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 54-58).

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1994. / Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references (p. 196-206).

Also issued as author's dissertation--Universität Tübingen. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [115]-122).

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1994. / Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references (p. 196-206).

This researchc oncernss icknessa nd ill health experiencedb y the British Army during the First World War. A review of the literature has confirmed that this issue offers considerable scope for further exploration by historians, and is an issue that continues to remain in the shadow of the wounded. The focus within past research has been so successfully placed upon battle injuries, that it is difficult to uncover the situation concerning non-combat casualties. This research aims to open up debate, establish the types and extent of illness experienced by the troops and some of the causes of sickness and disease. The thesis also explores links between the health of the troops and military effectiveness. In order to undertake this assessment in any meaningful way, indicators of military effectiveness need to be determined, and six such indicators are defined within the thesis. To establish a better understanding of how far the British Army was prepared for sickness by 1914, the approach taken by the army towards illness over the years leading up to the First World War is considered. The Crimean War marks the starting point of historical context setting in this case, and this research has investigated how far experiences gained in war during the latter half of the nineteenth century, shaped army planning concerning the health of the troops by 1914. Rarely used primary sources have been consulted, including regimental archives at Fulwood Barracks Preston, press reports, professional journals, government reports, and documents held at the Public Records Office, Kew, including War Diaries of active service units, Casualty Clearing Station records, Hospital records, personal diaries and individual service records. A range of secondary sources have also been explored together with autobiographical accounts and personal letters. A further historical source of value is the content of professional medical journals, and the content of a number of contemporaneous journals also underpin the thesis. In November 1996, approximately 750,000 individual service records of men discharged by the army during the years under examination within this study were released for public scrutiny for the first time. This remarkable new archive offers to extend our knowledge regarding the health of the troops, and analysis of these records forms an important element within this study. A pilot of fifty records was undertaken which combines history with computer technology, and involved the compilation of a spreadsheet wherein discharge diagnoses, age, height, chest measurement and weight were analysed in order to arrive at a better understanding about the health of the men. Evaluation of the pilot study was informative, and as a result it was extended to include analysis of a total of five hundred and thirty-three individual service records of rank and file men serving within over one hundred various regiments, corps, and services during the First World War. This thesis represents worthwhile and original contribution to historical debate about sickness within the British Army during this time, by establishing the historical context of sickness, exploring the types and extent of illness, and by examining organisational problems directly and indirectly contributing towards rising sickness rates. The thesis also determines that two broad categories of illness beset the army from the start, and these were firstly preexisting illnesses from civilian life and secondly illnesses acquired as a result of service. The thesis further shows that a costly 'revolving door', of recruitment and discharge beleaguered the army from the outset of the war, and that neither refinements to the recruitment process or the implementation of conscription made very much difference to the overall health of the British force. Establishing links between sickness and military effectiveness is in itself both original and challenging, and relatively new primary sources have been consulted in order to offer a fresh perspectivein this case. Whilst the issue of sickness amongst the troops during the First World War remains relatively unexplored, historical debate will remain wanting.

Protection against delays in administrative proceedings and in proceedings before administrative courts Abstract The subject of this work are delays in administrative proceedings (where its legislation marks them as inaction) and before administrative courts. A delay is a state in which a certain act in the proceedings for some reason is not undertaken at the time within which it should be done. Reasons for delays may vary. They may be objective, which may consist of a number of cases that a person decides, whether it is due to insufficient staffing of the authorities in charge of the proceedings, or because of the deficiencies in the organization of work with that authorities, or may consist in the necessity of following the sequence of a process involving the necessity to perform an act that precedes the given operation. Reasons for delays can also be subjective, due to the lack of speed of work, either due to laziness or incompetence. The Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms speaks of the duty to discuss the matter without unnecessary delays. This obligation applies both to administrative proceedings and to proceedings at the administrative courts. Since this is a law regulation, which applies to constitutional order, other legal norms can not contain a rule that would be inconsistent with the...

This thesis focuses on the artistic production of the children in the preschool period. The theoretical part is devoted to the development of art expression of children with special reference to the pre-school period and the period of primary school age. On the basis of scholarly literature and avaiable research findings there is development characterized in other areas (cognitive, emotional, social, etc.). Research of my practical part analyzes the art expression of selected children from kindergarten to the first classes of primary school. It observes the development of visual rendering (particularly its formal aspects) in connection with the start of compulsory school attendance.