Inaug.-Diss.--Erlangen. / Lebenslauf. "Litteratur": 1 p. following p. 93.

Inaug.-Diss.--Bern.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Saint Bonaventure College, 1939. / Includes index. "Principal dated works": p. 25. "Les important or not dated works": p. 25-26. Bibliography: p. [203]-208.

Inaug.-Diss.--Erlangen. / Lebenslauf. "Litteratur": p. [5]-6.

Inaug.-diss.--Halle-Wittenberg. / Lebenslauf. "Literaturverzeichnis": p. 63-64.

Inaug.-diss.--Leipzig. / Autobiographical sketch. References: p. [73]-74.

Thesis (M.A.)--Cincinnati Christian Seminary, 1986. / Abstract. "#031-0026." Thesis originally submitted to Trinity Evangelical Divinity School in 1986, and accepted, with minor changes, by Cincinnati Christian Seminary for their M.A. degree in 1986, according to Trinity's librarian 3/87. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-151).

Inaug.-diss.--Leipzig. / Autobiographical sketch. Bibliography: p. [73]-74.

This thesis analyses why the practice of vivisection captured the imagination of a small section of late-Victorian society, and how these individuals articulated their concerns. By adopting an interdisciplinary approach, this study brings together the texts of both anti and pro-vivisectionists to place literary texts alongside medical textbooks and illustrations, essays and campaigning leaflets to suggest a representation of the vivisector throughout the different texts assembled. The first chapter explores the interaction, in print, between activist Frances Power Cobbe and physiologist, Elie de Cyon alongside the ways in which the antivivisectionists used images of vivisected animals, sourced from scientific manuals, to assist in constructing the movement’s identity. The second chapter analyses the lecture notes of two young medical students published as The Shambles of Science (1903) and how the authors strived to secure a literary representation for pain. These findings will then pave the way for an examination of how anti-vivisection rhetoric influenced fiction. The next chapter is concerned with the relationship between the ‘heart’ and ‘science’ and considers the more positive outcomes for those existing on the periphery of scientific experimentation. The fourth chapter examines the relationship between vivisection and hydrophobia, while simultaneously considering the implications of nurturing the young vivisector. The final chapter examines how the signature of the vivisectionist can be read through the incisions made on the surface of the opened body. By delving into these interactive, textual and imaginative bodies, this chapter explores the ways in which the vivisected body, traced by the scalpel and relayed by the instrumentation of the laboratory became a literary object.

This thesis seeks to examine to what extent certain Buddhist theories of causation are comparable with the causal theories of some British empiricist philosophers. The thesis starts with an introduction. Its first chapter critically analyses Hume's causal theory, while the second points out that its similarity with the causal theories of Buddhist logicians such as Santaraksita and Kamalasila. Both Hume and these logicians criticised the concepts of causal efficacy and production, and analysed causal connections merely as relations of unvarying sequence. The third chapter critically analyses Mill's causal theory (and, to a certain extent, that of Berkeley), indicating that cause' is a collective name for a complex set of conditions. The fourth chapter points out that the Buddhist 'Theravada' and 'Sarvastivada' schools anticipated Mill's theory of the multiplicity of conditions. Moreover, the 'Sarvastivadins' introduced concepts similar to that of Mill's 'negative conditions'. We also tried to compare and contrast Russell's theory of 'functional interdependence' with Buddhist causal theories. In addition, we suggested that by different devices the Buddhist philosophers and Mill saved themselves from the inconguity of admitting any arbitrary sequence as a causal sequence. Chapter V tries to prove that the Buddhist formula of the 'twelve-membered dependent Origination' contains the incipient attempts of analysing causation only in terms of 'necessary and sufficeint conditions. Chapter VI shows that the concepts of causation and production are co-extensive. Thus there is a dilemma of explaining causation without production. Realization of this probably led the 'Madhyamika' philosophers to deny causation from the Absolute standpoint. Chapter VII points out that the absence, in Buddhist philosophy, of any distinction - corresponding to that made by some recent Western philosophers - between reasons for actions and causes does not invalidate our comparative study. The appendix to chapter I reiterates Hume's thesis, viz., that causes and effects are not related by logically necessary connections, pointing out that its validity is not disapproved by the recent theories of some philosophers, e.g., Blanshard and Kneale.