[pt] No período de 2004 a 2008, foram registradas, no Brasil, 199 ofertas públicas de ações, sendo 111 ofertas iniciais de ações, basicamente abertura de capital registrada na Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo; e 88 ofertas públicas de ações registradas na Comissão de Valores Mobiliários, com finalidades diversas. Utilizando uma amostra de 50 ofertas públicas, observamos as principais práticas de avaliação de empresas adotadas pelos principais agentes financeiros que atuam no país. Concluímos que as avaliações respeitam os principais modelos e premissas discutidas no meio acadêmico, aplicando-os à prática, assim como com o que é praticado em outros países, ajustando-se a realidade brasileira. Observamos algumas diferenças quantitativas entre as ofertas iniciais de ações e as ofertas públicas de ações, sendo que o segundo grupo se mostrou mais conservador quanto às premissas adotadas. / [en] Between 2004 and 2008, 199 public stock offers were registered in Brazil, of which 111 were initial stock offers, at the São Paulo Stock Exchange, Brazil’s main stock exchange; and 88 public stock offer registered at Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (Brazilian SEC), with several reasons. Using a sample of 50 public offers, we observed the best practices adopted by the main financial appraisers in Brazil. We concluded that these appraisers tend to use the better known models and assumptions accepted in the academic world, according with what is practiced in other countries, adjusted to Brazilian reality. We observed some quantitative differences between the assumptions in the pricing of initial stock offers and public stock offers, where the second one showed more conservative assumptions than the first.

The main aim of this dissertation is to identify the factors influencing the decision-making of enterprises on entering the capital market in selected CEE countries and formulate recommendations for further development of this form of financing. The key methodological tool is the collection of primary data by means of a questionnaire in which respondents (usually in the CFOs position) expressed their views on the issues related to internal and external factors affecting IPO activity. The results of the questionnaire survey show that the strongest motives for IPO implementation are the ability to raise capital to finance investment opportunities, improve publicity and image of the company, reduce debt, and be recognized by a relevant financial community as an important company. Among the barriers that most affect IPO implementation are the obligation to disclose company information that is key to a competitive advantage, asymmetry of information between external investors and the company, the interest in retaining decision-making control over the company, and the existence of alternative administratively less complex capital resources at the time of implementation of IPO. As per CFOs macroeconomic factors that have the greatest impact on IPO are favorable conditions in the stock market, favorable conditions in the sector in which the company operates, favorable GDP growth, and the use of banking loan at a relatively low interest rate. The results of the dissertation are the basis for the formulation of recommendations for potential IPO candidates.