Antepartum bed rest is a prescribed therapy for women with high risk pregnancies to reduce the occurrence of preterm labor, preeclampsia, risks associated with incompetent cervix and other complications. Activity restriction, or bed rest, in high risk pregnancies is based on assumptions that it is both effective for preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes and it is safe; however, the efficacy of prescribed antepartum bed rest has been questioned. The purpose of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive review of research findings about the efficacy of antepartum bed rest and the potential side effects that may result. For this literature review an interdisciplinary review of research was performed using Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, PubMed, and PsychINFO. Current literature shows that activity restriction during pregnancy can have negative effects on the mother including increased levels of anxiety and depression, muscle atrophy, increased risk of thromboembolic events, cardiovascular side effects, and an increase in postpartum recovery time. Considering these common themes, nursing interventions to reduce the instance of these events were studied including music therapy, support groups, family involvement, and fall prevention.

<p>Nowadays there are different forms and technologies for implementing web applications without much concern for their architectural model. Without a good and stable architecture those applications may fail during their operations. Thus, this thesis project is focused on exploring different architectural models for creation of web solutions. Moreover, this thesis project is also part of the collaboration between Linnaeus University and Ljungby municipality with the aim to create a system that grow up local economies by showing the local producers’ locations, providing customers with different information about the products etc. The result of the thesis shows that an application can be developed in various architectural models. The choice of one architectural model over another depends on the project needs. I found that by using ASP.NET MVC framework there is more separation of concerns, easy maintenance of the code, and unit testing for an application. Search engine of find local food system can be used to search for different local producer’s location and their services.</p><p> </p>

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The purpose of this study was to establish an exercise protocol that demonstrated a relationship between rest-interval duration and the exercise induced human growth hormone (hGH) response. Ten recreationally trained male subjects (23 ± 0.9 yrs) performed three leg extension trials on an Eagle — Cybex leg extension machine that consisted of 4 sets of 10 repetitions. The workload and volume was kept constant, but each trial had different rest-interval durations. Rest-interval durations between sets were at: 30 sec intervals (T-30), 60 sec intervals (T-60), or 120 sec intervals (T-120). Blood samples were obtained pre- and 0 — 30 minutes post-exercise and analyzed for lactate and hGH. All blood lactates rose significantly above baseline after exercise, with no differences in time of occurrence between trials. Blood lactates were significantly greater after the T-30 trials, compared to that of the T-60 and T-120 trials. There was no significant difference in hGH concentrations between trials. However, the data did suggest a relationship between rest-interval duration and the variability of hGH responses. The T-30 trials yielded significantly greater variation in hGH concentrations than the T-120 trials, and the T-120 trials showed significantly less variation than both the T-30 and T-60 trials. Although significant differences were found in these variations between trials, they did not prevent any significant differences in concentrations between trials from being found. In summary, the results of this study demonstrated an exercise related increase in lactic acid that had an inverse relationship to the length of the rest-intervals. hGH data on the other hand, did not show a relationship between rest-interval duration and the hGH concentrations. The connection between rest-interval duration and variability of hGH responses could possibly suggest that hGH values may have been significantly different if an exercise protocol higher in volume were utilized. Additionally, the results indicate that there is no direct relationship between blood lactate and hGH concentrations, as others have suggested. / School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science

Working hours, their duration and work schedule Abstract The diploma thesis deals with the topic of working hours and related institutes in Czech labor law in order to provide a comprehensive overview of the valid legal regulation. In addition, the work deals with the issues of breaks and rest periods, which are inseparably related to working hours. The thesis is divided into six chapters, which are subdivided into subchapters. The first chapter contains a historical excursion into the history of working hours regulation in the Czech lands from the Middle Ages to the present. I also mention the valid legal regulation of working hours at international and national level. The second chapter defines the concept of working hours, followed by a detailed description of each of the related institutes - its length, scheduling of work, work overtime, night work, on-call duty and working hours register. The following chapters discuss the organization of working hours for employees who look after children or other natural persons, pedagogical workers, workers in transportation and employees working under agreements to work outside the scope of employment. For these employees, there are some deviations from the general legal regulation of working hours or special conditions, as I refer here. The last chapter deals with...

The standard deviation of surface EMG (EMGσ) is often related to muscle force; the accuracy of EMGσ estimation is valuable for many application areas such as clinical biomechanics, prostheses control and sports medicine. Numerous researchers have developed methods to optimize EMGσ estimation. Whitening the EMG signal has been proved to improve the statistical efficiency of EMGσ estimation, but conventional linear whitening filters fail at low contraction level. An adaptive whitening filter was proposed by Clancy and Farry[14]. This technique has a better performance than prior whitening methods, however, the adaptive whitening filter needs to be calibrated each time electrodes are applied, which increase the complexity of the implementation. We designed a universal whitening filter which can omit most calibration steps for the adaptive whitening filter in future use. We used the ensemble mean of the power spectrum of 512 EMG recordings to form a general shape of a fixed whitening filter that can applied on any EMG signal. The test error on an EMG-torque task based on universal whitening over 512 subjects had a mean error of 4.80% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and standard deviation (std) of 2.03% MVC, compared with an original adaptive whitening filter error of 4.84±1.98% MVC. Additionally, the rest contraction modeling hasn’t received enough attention. Existing RMS estimates of EMGσ subtract noise in either the amplitude or power domain. These procedures have never been modeled analytically. We show that power domain noise subtraction is optimal. But rest contractions which are processed using power domain noise subtraction only estimate a zero-valued EMGσ approximately 50% of the time, which is undesirable in prosthesis-control. The prosthesis has a 50% possibility to slowly drift based on the current RMS estimator. We propose a new estimator to improve the zero-amplitude estimation probability during rest. We used 512 rest contraction recordings to validate the probability distribution of rest EMG signal showing that it only has 1.6% difference compared with Gaussian distribution. We also evaluated the percent of zero-valued EMGσ estimates using power domain noise subtraction and our new estimator, matching experimental findings to the theoretic predictions.

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-01

This document discusses the visualization of data in the web environment using JavaScript and PHP. Specifically, create a web application for dynamically displaying time series in an interactive environment via the REST API in JSON format. There are described technologies for creating web applications and their use. This is work involving designing and creating a web application.

Many plants require exposure to low temperature for a certain period during each year. This was determined more than a century ago. Understanding this phenomenon, known as the rest period, is part of a larger problem of understanding the factors which determine the ability of an organism to grow. The property of rest is ultimately a property of the actively growing cells, rather than that of the cells involved with protection and support.

The interplay between learning and technology is a growing field that is often referred to as Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL). Within this context, learning applications are software components that are useful for learning purposes, such as textbook replacements, information gathering tools, communication and collaboration tools, knowledge modeling tools, rich lab environments that allows experiments etc. When developing learning applications, the choice of technology depends on many factors. For instance, who and how many the intended end-users are, if there are requirements to support in-application collaboration, platform restrictions, the expertise of the developers, requirements to inter-operate with other systems or applications etc. This thesis provides guidance on a how to develop learning applications based on Semantic Web technology. The focus on Semantic Web technology is due to its basic design that allows expression of knowledge at the web scale. It also allows keeping track of who said what, providing subjective expressions in parallel with more authoritative knowledge sources. The intended readers of this thesis include practitioners such as software architects and developers as well as researchers in TEL and other related fields. The empirical part of the this thesis is the experience from the design and development of two learning applications and two supporting frameworks. The first learning application is the web application Confolio/EntryScape which allows users to collect files and online material into personal and shared portfolios. The second learning application is the desktop application Conzilla, which provides a way to create and navigate a landscape of interconnected concepts. Based upon the experience of design and development as well as on more theoretical considerations outlined in this thesis, three major obstacles have been identified: The first obstacle is: lack of non-expert and user friendly solutions for presenting and editing Semantic Web data that is not hard-coded to use a specific vocabulary. The thesis presents five categories of tools that support editing and presentation of RDF. The thesis also discusses a concrete software solution together with a list of the most important features that have crystallized during six major iterations of development. The second obstacle is: lack of solutions that can handle both private and collaborative management of resources together with related Semantic Web data. The thesis presents five requirements for a reusable read/write RDF framework and a concrete software solution that fulfills these requirements. A list of features that have appeared during four major iterations of development is also presented. The third obstacle is: lack of recommendations for how to build learning applications based on Semantic Web technology. The thesis presents seven recommendations in terms of architectures, technologies, frameworks, and type of application to focus on. In addition, as part of the preparatory work to overcome the three obstacles, the thesis also presents a categorization of applications and a derivation of the relations between standards, technologies and application types. / <p>QC 20121105</p>