En este artículo, se analizan los comentarios positivos y negativos que se visualizan en la plataforma digital YouTube a raíz del debate por el proyecto de la Ley de La Preservación, Uso y Difusión de las Lenguas: discusión entre las congresistas peruanas Martha Hildebrandt y María Sumire, que se suscitó el 6 de setiembre de 2007. Mediante el Análisis Crítico del Discurso (Fairclough, 1995, Van Dijk, 1999, Wodak y Meyer, 2003), se estudian cómo los comentaristas generan discursos de discriminación y racismo al usar estrategias lingüísticas. Los discursos se dividen en dos grupos: uno a favor y en defensa del actuar de Martha Hildebrandt y el otro en contra del mismo personaje, pero en defensa de la parte contraria: María Sumire. En base a ello, se demuestra cómo a través de los comentarios realizados virtualmente se reproducen relaciones jerárquicas y se legitiman prácticas sociales excluyentes en relación con ambas congresistas, quienes representan imágenes sociales distintas. / In this article, we analyze the positive and negative comments displayed on the digital platform YouTube as a result of the debate on the Law on the Preservation, Use and Dissemination of Languages: discussion between Peruvian congresswomen Martha Hildebrandt and María Sumire, which took place on September 6, 2007. Through the Critical Discourse Analysis (Fairclough, 1995, Van Dijk, 1999, Wodak and Meyer, 2003), we study how commentators generate discourses of discrimination and racism when using linguistic strategies. The discourses are divided into two groups: one in favor and in defense of Martha Hildebrandt's action and the other against the same character, but in defense of the opposite party: Maria Sumire. Based on this, it is demonstrated how through the comments made virtually, hierarchical relations are reproduced and excluding social practices are legitimized in relation to both congressmen, who represent different social images.

Cette recherche se concentre sur l'analyse des modélisations de l'imaginaire national dans la France contemporaine. A la lumière du processus de mondialisation et de ses multiples dimensions, la forme nationale semble être prise dans l'alternative entre une uniformisation au mépris des « cultures » nationales, et d'autre part une exacerbation des singularités culturelles nationales, la forme nationale étant associée à une valeur positive dans un monde en « crise ». Face à l'alternative entre une loi de succession des formes de groupement et l'essentialisation d'une réalité nationale irréductible, cette recherche aborde la question nationale par l'étude de contenus contemporains de formes symboliques d'objectivation de l'imaginaire national. A partir de l'observation de matérialisations de l'idée de nation, il s'agit de s'attacher aux opérations concrètes de représentation nationale et leur intégration dans des contextes d'énonciation de la « réalité »nationale. Dans un premier temps, l'étude des mots de la nation aborde la construction de la forme nationale comme objet sociologique et les modalités contemporaines de son énonciation, particulièrement les investissements autour de la question de l'identité nationale. Ensuite, à partir de l'image comme forme symbolique d'énonciation des groupes sociaux, nous avons étudié une matérialité particulière de l'imaginaire national, la production philatélique nationale, permettant d'observer les modulations de l'image sociale de la nation. Enfin, l'étude empirique des cérémonies d'accueil dans la citoyenneté française permet d'observer les contenus et frontières contemporaines de l'identification nationale à partir de sa mise en pratique. / This study is focused on the analysis of the modellings of the national imagination in contemporary France. With the globalization and its multiple dimensions, the national existence seems to be taken in this alternative: on one hand a standardization in defiance of the national "cultures", and on the other hand an exacerbation of the national cultural peculiarities, the national shape being associated with a positive value in a world in "crisis". Contrary to the alternative between a law of succession of the groups and an essentialisation of an inflexible national reality, this study approaches the national question by the study of contemporary contents of the national imagination symbolic forms. From the observation of the contemporary modulations of their contents, this study is based on the observation of concrete operations of national representation and their integration in contexts of the national "reality" statement. At first, the studyof nation's words approaches the construction of the national shape as sociological object and the contemporary modalities of the national shape statement, particularly the investments around the national identity. Then, from the image as a symbolic shape of social groups statement, we studied a particular materiality of the national imagination, the national philatelic production, which allows to observe the modulations of the nation's social image. Finally, the empirical study of citizenship ceremonies allows to observe the contemporary contents and borders of the national identification from its application.

Submitted by Jussara Moore (jussaramoore@id.uff.br) on 2017-02-14T16:29:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertaçãoRodolfoversãofinal.pdf: 1223582 bytes, checksum: 6c13bbc3131a980c5b9d126f24425a96 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jussara Moore (jussaramoore@id.uff.br) on 2017-02-14T16:29:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertaçãoRodolfoversãofinal.pdf: 1223582 bytes, checksum: 6c13bbc3131a980c5b9d126f24425a96 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-14T16:29:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertaçãoRodolfoversãofinal.pdf: 1223582 bytes, checksum: 6c13bbc3131a980c5b9d126f24425a96 (MD5) / Esta pesquisa tem como objeto os discursos dos profissionais da informação circulantes nos canais informais profissionais na Internet. O objetivo geral da pesquisa é conhecer as relações de força que constituem os discursos das representações sobre o profissional da informação nos canais informais de comunicação profissional na Internet. A questão que norteou a pesquisa foi: como se dão e se textualizam os discursos das representações sobre o profissional da informação nos canais informais de comunicação profissional na Internet? Para responder essa questão traçamos como objetivos específicos: compreender as conjunturas históricas e os possíveis campos de disputa existente sobre a identidade do profissional da informação; compreender os fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos da Análise de Discurso de Linha Francesa; identificar blogs, websites e redes sociais na Internet dedicados aos objetos informacionais e seus campos profissionais; evidenciar as estratégias discursivas e redes de sentido nos discursos das representações sobre o profissional da informação no universo dos canais informais de comunicação profissional na Internet. Metodologicamente, utilizamos, diante dos objetivos delimitados: os fundamentos teóricos e metodológicos da Análise do Discurso de Linha Francesa; o levantamento e mapeamento de canais informais de comunicação profissional na Internet e a análise das Sequências Discursivas Autônomas selecionadas. Como base teórica, utilizamos as literaturas das áreas de Biblioteconomia, Ciência da Informação, Comunicação Social e Documentação. Encontramos como resultados, em linhas gerais, redes de sentidos, gestos interpretativos e representações imaginárias calcados na crença na imaterialidade, na “assepsia” da informação, na necessidade de “superação do passado” e das atividades tradicionais da área, na abordagem individualista de marketing pessoal, na ideia futurista profissional e no imaginário de cientificidade da Ciência da Informação. / This research was focused on the speeches of the professional informal channels of communication on the Internet. The overall goal of the research is to understand the power relations that constitute the discourses of representations of the information professional in informal channels of professional communication on the Internet. The question that guided the research was: how do the speeches of the representations about the information Professional on the informal channels of professional communication on the Internet are developed? To answer this question we set the following particular goals: understanding the historical situations and the possible existing fields of dispute about the identity of the information professional; understand the theoretical and methodological foundations of French Discourse Analysis; identify blogs, websites and social networking sites dedicated to information objects and their professional fields; highlight the discursive strategies and networks of meaning in the speeches of representations about the information professional in the informal channels’s world of professional communication on the Internet. Methodologically, we used, according to the defined objectives: the theoretical and methodological foundations of French Discourse Analysis; the surveying and mapping of informal channels of professional communication on the Internet and the analysis of Sequences Discursive Autonomous. As a theoretical basis, we based ourselves on the literature of library areas, Information Science, Media and Documentation. As a result, in general, we could find networks of meaning, interpretative gestures and imaginary representations rooted in the belief in the immateriality, the "sterilization" of information, the need for "overcoming the past" and the traditional activities of the area, in the individualistic approach of the personal marketing, in the futuristic view and in the imaginary scientificity of Information Science.