[pt] Talhas são dispositivos mecânicos muito usados para carregar e descarregar objetos e/ou transportá-los em indústrias e em armazéns. O movimento da talha é controlado por um operador ou é programado e controlado automaticamente. Nos dois casos, o movimento da talha causa balanços indesejáveis da carga e da garra, levando a um tempo ocioso antes do agarramento e do posicionamento da carga, bem como podendo ocasionar o escape dos cabos das ranhuras das polias, sendo pois um problema de segurança. Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de modelos matemáticos que representam um sistema tipo pêndulo embarcado em um veículo que suporta uma carga suspensa por um ou mais cabos. A estrutura na qual se prende o ponto de fixação do cabo de sustentação, chamada de trolley, movimenta-se nas direções horizontal e vertical em função de excitações que são oriundas do movimento sofrido pelo veículo. Este veículo é representado por um outro modelo que está acoplado ao sistema do pêndulo. São projetadas leis de controle para cada um dos modelos criados para que sejam minimizadas as acelerações da carga suspensa. Um dos modelos criados representa uma maca com paciente, suspensos por cabo numa ambulância. A lei de controle deve dar conforto a este paciente ao ser transportado. Para avaliar e validar os modelos dinâmicos e os projetos de controle são realizadas várias simulações e análises experimentais. / [en] Cranes are very used mechanical devices to load and to unload objects and/or to carry them in industries and warehouses. The movement of the crane is controlled by an operator or is programmed and controlled automatically. In the two cases, the movement of the crane cause undesirable swings of the load and claw, leading to an idle time before the grasping and the positioning of the load, as well as being able to cause to the escape of the ropes of the grooves of the pulleys. This can cause a security problem. This work presents the development of mathematical models that represent a system like a pendulum, where the load is suspended by one or more ropes. The structure in which the point of attachment of the rope of sustentation, called trolley, have motion in the horizontal and vertical directions. These excitements are deriving of the movement suffered from another model that represents a vehicle that is coupled to the system of the pendulum. Laws of control are projected for each model created so that the accelerations of the suspended load are minimized. One of the models created represents a stretcher with patient suspended by rope in an ambulance. The control law must give comfort to this patient in the transport. To evaluate and to validate the dynamic models and the designs of control created some simulations and experimental analyses are carried through.

This diploma thesis deals with the design of a new bridge construction over a multi-lane communication. The converted road is a pedestrian and biking trail connecting significant agglomerations. Three studies were worked out in this thesis and the C variant was selected for further detailed processing. It is an unsymmetrical suspended bridge with a cast-in-place deck. In the section above the communication, the bridge is made up of prefabricated segments. Suspension of the structure is made of two sloping pylons forming a V-shape. The analysis of the construction was carried out in the MIDAS Civil program, where a complete model of construction was entered, including a subsequent estacade. The model describes the construction process and includes creep and shrinkage of the concrete. The traffic, temperature and wind loads were used. The design was assessed for the ultimate limit states and serviceability limit states. The assessment was carried out in the IDEA StatiCa program, supplemented by manual calculations. The static calculations also include assessment of the harmonic response. Subsequently, overview drawings, detailed drawings and visualizations were developed.

The objective of this diploma thesis is a dynamic analysis of a cable-stayed walkway. The RFEM structural analysis software is used for the calculation. Design principles of the structure are explained and analysis of the construction phases is then performed. The eigenmodes of the structure are calculated for various material combinations. The thesis examines the effects of moving loads and earthquake effects using several different methods. A comparison of the various loading effects on the structure and also the calculation methods is presented at the conclusion.