Abstract Introduction Cystectomy with urinary diversion (i.e. bladder removal surgery) is commonly studied using large health administrative databases. These databases often use diagnoses or procedure codes with unknown accuracy to identify cystectomy patients, thereby resulting in significant misclassification bias. The primary objective of this study is to develop a predictive model that will return an accurate probability that patients recorded in the discharge abstract database have undergone cystectomy with urinary diversion, stratified by type of urinary diversion (continent vs incontinent). Secondary objectives of this study include: 1) to internally validate our predictive model to determine its accuracy using a cohort of all adults admitted to The Ottawa Hospital (TOH) within the study period; and 2) compare the accuracy of this model to that of code-based algorithms used previously in published studies to identify cystectomy. Methods A gold standard reference cohort (GSC) of all patients who underwent cystectomy and urinary diversion at TOH between 2009 and 2019 was created by using the SIMS registry within the TOH data warehouse which captures all primary surgical procedures performed. The GSC was then confirmed by manual chart review to ensure accuracy. Through ICES, the GSC was linked to the provincial Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), physician billing records (OHIP), and Ontario Cancer Registry (OCR) and a new combined dataset containing all admissions at TOH during the study period was created. Clinical information, billing, and intervention codes within these databases were reviewed and the co-variables thought to be predictive of cystectomy were selected a priori. A multinomial logistic regression model (i.e. The Ottawa Cystectomy Identification Model or OCIM) was created using these co-variables to determine the probability of a patient undergoing cystectomy, stratified by continent vs incontinent diversion, during an admission in the DAD. Using the OCIM and bootstrap imputation methods, co-variable values and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The values of these same co- variables were then measured using a code algorithm (the presence of either a procedure code or billing code for cystectomy with incontinent or continent diversion). Misclassification bias was then measured by comparing the values of co-variables using the OCIM or code algorithm to the true values obtained from the gold standard reference cohort. Results Five hundred patients were included in the GSC [median age 68.0 (IQR 13.0); 75.6% male; 55.6% incontinent diversion]. The prevalence of cystectomy within the DAD over the study period was 0.12% (500/428697 total admissions). Sensitivity and positive predictive values for cystectomy codes were 97.1% and 58.6% for incontinent diversions and 100.0% and 48.4% for continent diversions, respectively. The OCIM accurately predicted cystectomy with incontinent diversion (c-statistic [C] 0.999, Integrated Calibration Index [ICI] 0.000) and cystectomy with continent diversion (C:1.000, ICI 0.000) probabilities. Misclassification bias was lower when identifying cystectomy patients using the OCIM with bootstrap imputation compared to the use of the code algorithm alone. Conclusions A model using administrative data accurately returned the probability that cystectomy by diversion type occurred during a hospitalization. Using this model to impute cystectomy status minimized misclassification bias.

BiophotonicE. coli O157:H7(BEC) was evaluated for growth and stability to evaluate the effectiveness of BEC as a tool to validate pathogen reduction interventions. Escherichia coliO157:H7 containing Xen14 and pAK1 lux plasmids were monitored for growth and stability over 10 d at 2.2˚C and 37˚C. Concentration of BECat 2.2˚C remained constant (P> 0.05) but photonic emissions (RLU/s) changed (P<0.05), resulting in a positive correlation between RLU/s and CFU/mL (P< 0.01; r=0.5718). BEC grown at 37˚C yielded no change after a decrease on day 2 (P>0.05). In phase I, purge was monitored for photonic emission after trim was inoculated with BEC. BECwas found at 4 h in Combo C and D. Phase II purge collection used inoculated trim indicative of trim used currently in the beef industry stored in simulated combos. Neither photonic emission nor CFU’s were enumerated in phase II.

yes / Welcome to the 16th edition of the Advances in Model-Based Testing Workshop (A-MOST 2020) held on March 23rd, 2020 in Porto as part of ICST 2020, the IEEE International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation.

The Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP) is a requirement for licensure as a psychologist across the entire United States as well as in numerous territories and provinces. Despite many longstanding criticisms and findings of bias, the EPPP is being expanded (adding a second, putatively competency-based, portion to the overall exam) and rebranded as the Enhanced EPPP. A review of literature reveals strong skepticism surrounding these developments, particularly with respect to the issue of criterion validity. The current study sought to examine the criterion validity of the EPPP by (1) drawing archival competency assessment data from existing measures (convergent validity) and (2) gathering new neurocognitive and emotional intelligence data, along with demographic data (discriminant validity), with copies of EPPP score reports from individuals who have recently taken the EPPP. Competency ratings did not significantly positively correlate with EPPP scores and, instead, indicated the opposite trend. Analyses also revealed a significant relationship between ethnicity and exam scores, with White individuals scoring higher than other ethnicities. Finally, performance on neurocognitive tests significantly positively correlated with exam scores, indicating that general test taking abilities play a larger role than abilities and competencies unique to the psychology field. Given the gatekeeping role the EPPP plays in the profession of psychology, external validation of the EPPP is of vital importance and was not supported in this study. Implications for the exam and the field are discussed.

This thesis discusses 'Modeler's Assistant', an interactive graphics tool which aids in the rapid development of VHDL models. The tool provides modeling, test bench generation, simulation, synthesis and validation features. The 'Process Model graph' which has representations for the concurrent processes is used as the basis for Modeler's Assistant. Test generation environment is integrated into the tool. A range of test bench options are provided to the user. The tool interfaces to 'Synopsys' VHDL analyzer, graphics debugger and synthesis tools. Validation of the behavioral model versus the synthesized structural model is also discussed. A detailed programming manual with many examples is provided for the benefit of the user. / Master of Science

There were two aims of the study. First one was to validate a truck simulator designed to train truck drivers on economic fuel consumption. Second one was to develop a simulator validation model for instructional simulators. This aim merged as a result of literature review since there is a controversy on the categorization and application of validation approaches. To accomplish two aims, the simulator validation approaches were categorized according to their descriptions in the literature, namely, &ldquo / Behavioral&rdquo / , &ldquo / Face&rdquo / and &ldquo / Instructional&rdquo / validation and combined in the current study. Blending Mixed Methods Research Design and Designed Case Formative Research Design were employed together in order collect data. To validate the simulator and investigate the main characteristics of instructional validation process, 110 truck drivers from a logistics and transportation company participated to the economic fuel consumption training. The data were collected in two parts as during the training and 5 months after the training. Both quantitative and qualitative research approaches were used to collect data. To analyze the qualitative data, open coding analysis method were employed and quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS statistics software. According to the study results, although the Truck Simulator did not represent the real model in 100% percent or had some usability problems, it was valid in overall since it did what it was supposed to do during the training. Also, the results of the study showed that the validation determination should have been done according to the instructional goals / not the reality or usability of it.

<p>Several programs exist today for calculating aerodynamic coefficients that with some simplificationsprovide fast approximations of the values for a real aircraft.Four different programs were analyzed for this report: Tornado, AVL, PANAIR and a handbook-typepreliminary method. In addition, ANSYS CFX was used for airfoil validation. For calculation of the zerolift drag, an approximation was computed in order to calculate the remaining values that were notcalculated by the software: drag contribution for fuselages, nacelles and some horizontal stabilizersand fins.Different types of aircraft were selected for trial: two commercial aircraft (Boeing 747-100 and 777-300), a TF-8A research airplane (with area rule application: some additions were made to the fuselageto prevent large variations in the cross-section when the contribution of the wing is added), a LockheedConstellation C-69 used as a military cargo airplane, a Boeing Stratocruiser used by the USAF withtwo configurations (basic and bomber), and an Aero Commander 680 Super, similar to a Cessna 162.Two airfoils (NACA2412, 0012) were also analyzed, to investigate the limitations of software designedfor three-dimensional calculations.The accuracy of the results showed that the validity of the software depends on the planform of theaircraft, as well as the simulation parameters Mach number and Reynolds number. The shape of thewing caused some of the methods to have serious difficulties in converging to valid results, orincreased the simulation time beyond acceptable limits.</p> / <p>Numera finns det olika program för beräkning av de aerodynamiska koefficienterna från en modellmed vissa förenklingar som ger en snabb approximation av värdena för ett verkligt flygplan.Fyra olika program har analyserats för denna rapport: Tornado, AVL, PANAIR och en handbokbaserad preliminär metod. Dessutom användes ANSYS CFX för validering av vingprofiler . Vidberäkningen av noll-lyft motståndet, en approximation användes för de återstående delarna som inteberäknas av de andra metoderna: motståndsbidraget från flygkroppar, gondoler och vissa horisontellastabilisatorer och fenor.Olika flygplaner har testats: två trafikflygplan (Boeing 747-100 och 777-300), ett TF-8Aforskningsflygplan (med area regel användning: några tillägg gjordes på flygkroppen för att tvärsnitteninte har stora variationer när bidraget från vingen läggas), ett Lockheed Constellation C-69, ett BoeingStratocruiser som används av USAF i två konfigurationer (den vanliga och bombplan), och ett AeroCommander 680 Super, som liknar ett Cessna 162. Två vingprofiler (NACA 2412, 0012) analyseradesockså, för att kontrollera begränsningarna av programmen avsedd för tredimensionella beräkningar.Riktigheten av resultaten visade att giltigheten av programmen beror på formen av flygplanernasvingar, samt de simulationernas parametrar: Mach nummer och Reynolds nummer. Formen på vingenorsakade några av de metoderna att ha stora svårigheter med konvergensen till giltiga resultat, ellerökat simulering tid över acceptabla gränser.</p>

Several programs exist today for calculating aerodynamic coefficients that with some simplificationsprovide fast approximations of the values for a real aircraft.Four different programs were analyzed for this report: Tornado, AVL, PANAIR and a handbook-typepreliminary method. In addition, ANSYS CFX was used for airfoil validation. For calculation of the zerolift drag, an approximation was computed in order to calculate the remaining values that were notcalculated by the software: drag contribution for fuselages, nacelles and some horizontal stabilizersand fins.Different types of aircraft were selected for trial: two commercial aircraft (Boeing 747-100 and 777-300), a TF-8A research airplane (with area rule application: some additions were made to the fuselageto prevent large variations in the cross-section when the contribution of the wing is added), a LockheedConstellation C-69 used as a military cargo airplane, a Boeing Stratocruiser used by the USAF withtwo configurations (basic and bomber), and an Aero Commander 680 Super, similar to a Cessna 162.Two airfoils (NACA2412, 0012) were also analyzed, to investigate the limitations of software designedfor three-dimensional calculations.The accuracy of the results showed that the validity of the software depends on the planform of theaircraft, as well as the simulation parameters Mach number and Reynolds number. The shape of thewing caused some of the methods to have serious difficulties in converging to valid results, orincreased the simulation time beyond acceptable limits. / Numera finns det olika program för beräkning av de aerodynamiska koefficienterna från en modellmed vissa förenklingar som ger en snabb approximation av värdena för ett verkligt flygplan.Fyra olika program har analyserats för denna rapport: Tornado, AVL, PANAIR och en handbokbaserad preliminär metod. Dessutom användes ANSYS CFX för validering av vingprofiler . Vidberäkningen av noll-lyft motståndet, en approximation användes för de återstående delarna som inteberäknas av de andra metoderna: motståndsbidraget från flygkroppar, gondoler och vissa horisontellastabilisatorer och fenor.Olika flygplaner har testats: två trafikflygplan (Boeing 747-100 och 777-300), ett TF-8Aforskningsflygplan (med area regel användning: några tillägg gjordes på flygkroppen för att tvärsnitteninte har stora variationer när bidraget från vingen läggas), ett Lockheed Constellation C-69, ett BoeingStratocruiser som används av USAF i två konfigurationer (den vanliga och bombplan), och ett AeroCommander 680 Super, som liknar ett Cessna 162. Två vingprofiler (NACA 2412, 0012) analyseradesockså, för att kontrollera begränsningarna av programmen avsedd för tredimensionella beräkningar.Riktigheten av resultaten visade att giltigheten av programmen beror på formen av flygplanernasvingar, samt de simulationernas parametrar: Mach nummer och Reynolds nummer. Formen på vingenorsakade några av de metoderna att ha stora svårigheter med konvergensen till giltiga resultat, ellerökat simulering tid över acceptabla gränser.

Currently, there is no solution providing automatic validation of objects in the problem of solving Object-to-XML Impedance Mismatch. The author chose Java SE specification JAXB for Object-to-XML mapping and Java EE specification Bean Validation for validation of JavaBean objects. This thesis focuses on the interconnection of the two specifications and creation of a new specification Bean Validation in JAXB providing automatic validation at the object level during the process of marshalling and unmarshalling. This specification also provides means for mapping XML Restrictions and Facets to Bean Validation constraints. In this thesis author presents the design of Bean Validation in JAXB facility specification, its reference implementation, written by author, and users and programmers guide.

Cette thèse avait pour principal objectif d’explorer le caractère normatif de trois besoins dits fondamentaux : le besoin d’évaluer, le besoin de cognition et le besoin de clôture. Pour atteindre cet objectif, il nous a fallu dans un premier temps une validation rigoureuse des trois échelles de mesures habituellement utilisées : Need for Cognition Scale, Need to Evaluate Scale et Need for Closure Scale . Dans cette perspective, trois études distinctes relatives à ce processus de validation ont été effectuées. Une version française épurée pour chacune des échelles a été établie (partie 2, chapitres 1, 2 et 3). Puis à la manière dont cela est réalisé dans les travaux portant sur la normativité de l’internalité, nous avons eu recourt aux paradigmes des juges et d’identification pour tester notre hypothèse de normativité des besoins en vue de poser les premiers jalons d’une conception socio-normative des besoins. Selon le paradigme des juges, les résultats obtenus montrent que les individus évaluent mieux les individus manifestant une forte adhésion aux besoins d’évaluer, de cognition ou de clôture. En revanche, si le paradigme d’identification confirme nos hypothèses de normativité des besoins d’évaluer et de cognition, il manque à apporter un soutien évident à l’hypothèse de normativité du besoin de clôture / The main objective of this thesis was to explore the normative character of three needs known as fundamental: the need for cognitive, need to evaluate and need for closure. To achieve this goal, we initially needed a rigorous validation of the three scales usually used: Need for Scale Cognition, Need to Evaluate Scale and Need for Closure Scale. From this point of view, three distinct studies relative to this process of validation were carried out. A French version purified for each scale was established (part 2, chapters 1, 2 and 3).Then with the way in which that is carried out in work relating to the normatively of the internality, we had resorts to the Judges and identification paradigms to test our assumption of normatively of the needs in order to pose the first stakes of a socio-normative design of the needs. According to the Judges paradigm, the results obtained show that the individuals evaluate the individuals best expressing a strong adhesion with the needs to evaluate, of cognition or closure. On the other hand, if the identification paradigm confirms our assumptions of normatively of the needs to evaluate and cognition, it misses to give an obvious support for the assumption of normatively of the need for closure