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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

[en] THREE ASSAYS ON HECKSCHER-OHLIN PREDICTIONS: THEORETICAL QUESTIONS AND EMPIRICAL TESTS / [pt] TRÊS ENSAIOS SOBRE AS PREDIÇÕES DE HECKSCHER-OHLIN: QUESTÕES TEÓRICAS E TESTES EMPÍRICOS

BEATRIZ CRISTINA MURIEL HERNANDEZ 21 February 2005 (has links)
[pt] Esta tese discute três questões em torno das previsões de Heckscher-Ohlin (HO). A primeira se relaciona com o impacto da abertura comercial sobre o aumento na desigualdade salarial nos Estados Unidos, e apresenta resultados consistentes com esta premissa quando se leva em conta a distorção provocada pelos níveis de sindicalização dos trabalhadores não qualificados. A segunda discute as implicações teóricas e empíricas das fontes de vantagens comparativas reveladas pelo comércio em um dado país, propondo-se dois refinamentos teóricos à literatura: as diferenças tecnológicas entre países e entre períodos. Com base neste debate estudam-se as fontes de vantagens comparativas no Brasil e mostrase que o país é rico em trabalho não-qualificado, estoque capital e terra, mas escasso em trabalho qualificado. Por fim, estuda-se o impacto das políticas de livre comércio - ocorridas na década de noventa - sobre o mercado de trabalho brasileiro, levando em conta as mudanças tecnológicas. Todos os testes elaborados são consistentes com as previsões de HO, já as inovações tecnológicas tiveram efeitos contrários à abertura comercial no mercado de trabalho. / [en] This thesis analyzes three questions around the Heckscher- Ohlin (HO) predictions. The first one is related to trade impact on the increase of wage inequality in the United States, and presents results that are consistent with this argument when the distortion caused by unions of unskilled workers is taken into account. The second one studies the theoretical and empirical concerns related to the comparative advantages sources that are revealed by a country international trade. It is added two theoretical considerations to the literature: technological differences between countries and between periods. Based on this debate the comparative advantages sources are determined to Brazil, showing that this country is rich in unskilled workers, capital and land, but scarce in skilled workers. Finally, the impact of free international trade policies - occurred in the 90s - on the Brazilian labor market is evaluated, taking into account the technological changes. The tests elaborated are consistent with the HO predictions, and technological innovations present contrary effects to openness on labor market.

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