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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Evaluation par ondes guidées de niveaux d'adhésion dissymétriques dans des collages structuraux métal-matériau composite. : Modélisation et approches des cas de Kissing Bonds / Guided wave evaluation of asymmetric adhesion levels in metal-composite structural bondings. : Modeling and approaches of kissing bonds cases.

Attar, Latifa 28 June 2019 (has links)
Cette thèse s'intéresse à l'évaluation de la qualité de l'adhésion dans des assemblages structuraux métal/adhésif/composite carbone-époxy, assemblages utilisés dans l'industrie automobile et aéronautique. La qualité du collage est évaluée par méthodes non destructives grâce à des ondes guidées ultrasonores de type Lamb et SH. Un nouveau modèle numérique par éléments finis a été développé au cours de ce travail : il s'agit d'un modèle rhéologique aux interphases qui permet de tracer les courbes de dispersion des modes guidés dans les échantillons étudiés. Il permet aussi de prédire l'évolution de l'amplitude de ces modes et la répartition de l'énergie dans la structure suivant le niveau d'adhésion ou la présence d'un défaut de type kissing bond. Des échantillons à niveau d'adhésion connus et maîtrisés sont réalisés avec l'aide de physico-chimistes, où l'époxy est partiellement ou totalement réticulé, et où l'interface substrat/adhésif a subi différents traitements chimiques. En particulier sont étudiés des échantillons dont la dégradation du collage dans la structure n'est pas symétrique. Les résultats expérimentaux sont confrontés à ceux issus du modèle numérique. Ces résultats montrent qu'il est possible de caractériser deux niveaux d'adhésion proches et aussi de déterminer sur quelle interface (métal/adhésif ou composite/adhésif) le collage a été dégradé. L'utilisation d'un banc de mesure à transducteurs électromagnétiques acoustiques (EMAT) a permis l'étude de l'amplitude des modes SH. Des variations importantes de l'amplitude de certains modes ont été constatées lors du passage de l'onde d'une zone de bonne adhésion à une zone où le collage est dégradé. / This thesis focuses on the evaluation of the quality of adhesion in metal/adhesive/carbon-epox: structural assemblies used in the automotive and aerospace industry. The quality of the bonding i assessed by non-destructive methods using ultrasonic guided waves of the Lamb and SH types. A nev finite element numerical model was developed during this work: it is an interphase rheological mode that allows the dispersion curves of the guided modes to be plotted in the samples studied. It als( makes it possible to predict the evolution of the amplitude of these modes and the distribution o energy in the structure according to the level of adhesion or the presence of a kissing bond type defect. Samples with known and controlled adhesion levels are made with the help of physico chemists, 'where the epoxy is partially or totally crosslinked, and where the substrate/adhesivl interface has undergone different chemical treatments. In particular, samples are studied whos degradation of the bonding in the structure is not symmetrical. The experimental results are compare( with those from the numerical model. These results show that it is possible to characterize two clos levels of adhesion and also to determine on which interface (metal/adhesive or composite/adhesive the bonding has been degraded. The use of a measurement bench with electromagnetic acousti( transducers (EMAT) allowed thè study of the amplitude of the SH modes. Significant variations in th( amplitude of some modes have been observed when the wave passes from an area of good adhesioi to an area where the bonding is degraded.
2

[pt] INVERSÃO TEMPORAL DE ONDAS DE LAMB ACOUSTOELÁSTICAS / [en] TIME REVERSAL OF ACOUSTOELASTIC LAMB WAVES

05 June 2019 (has links)
[pt] A acoustoelasticidade estuda a variação da velocidade de ondas elásticas em corpos sujeitos a um estado de tensão inicial. A teoria da acoustoelasticidade consiste-se de um relação não-linear entre tensão e deformação que rege a resposta dinâmica de uma onda elástica sobreposta à pré deformação inicial. A teoria da acoustoelasticidade aplicada a ondas guiadas é um ramo de estudo extremamente novo. Seu desenvolvimento teórico para ondas de Lamb foi concluída em 2012, o que permitiu o cálculo da variação da velocidade em função da tensão. Ondas de Lamb são ondas elástica que propagam-se em placas de faces paralelas obedecendo às condições de contorno nas superfícies. Essas ondas são a princípio dispersivas. Modelagem por elementos finitos (MEF) é uma ferramenta útil para a análise das ondas ultrassônicas. A fim de abordar o efeito acoustoelástico utilizando método de elementos finitos pode-se utilizar as constantes elásticas eficazes. Por meio dessas é possível montar um tensor de rigidez anisotrópico equivalente, que por sua vez pode ser utilizado como a entrada de rigidez do material em softwares comerciais. O processo de inversão temporal é um método bem conhecido para a obtenção de ondas acústicas focalizadas no tempo e no espaço. No caso de ondas de Lamb, o uso de sinais de inversão temporal compensa a dispersão de cada modo de propagação, recomprime e focaliza a onda na posição de leitura. Nesta tese, o novo ramo da acoustoelasticidade em ondas de Lamb foi analisado e seu estado da arte revisado. A possibilidade de utilizar constantes elásticas eficazes para determinação da dependência da velocidade com a tensão e os erros nesta aproximação foram investigados. O uso do programa de elementos finitos Ansysr foi validado para propagação de ondas de Lamb monomodo em uma placa submetida a tração uniaxial. Em seguida, simulações de propagação de ondas de Lamb multimodais acoustoelásticas foram realizadas através do software e o efeito da carregamento na focalização foi analisado numericamente. Finalmente, experimentos foram realizadas em uma placa de alumínio carregada longitudinalmente. A viabilidade e limitações da utilização das características de focalização por inversão temporal a fim de medir a tensão são apontadas. / [en] The acoustoelasticity studies the variation of the elastic waves velocity in bodies subject to an initial stress state. The acoustoelastic theory consists of non-linear relationship between stress and strain that rules the dynamic response superimposed to the initial pre-deformation. The acoustoelastic theory applied to guided waves is a very new branch of study. The theoretical development of this theory for Lamb waves was completed in 2012, which enabled the calculation of velocity variation as a function of stress. Lamb waves are elastic waves that propagate in plates obeying the boundary conditions on the surface. These waves are a priori dispersive. Finite Element Method (FEM) is an useful tool for ultrasonic waves propagation analysis. In order to address the acoustoelastic effect employing FEM one can use the effective elastic constants. By these effective constants it is possible to assemble an equivalent anisotropic stiffness tensor, which can be the material stiffness input in commercial software. The time reversal process is a well-known method for obtaining focused acoustic waves in both time and space. In the case of Lamb waves, the use of time-reversed signals compensates the dispersion of each propagation mode, recompressing the wave and producing a focused signal at the reception position. In this thesis the new branch of acoustoelasticity for Lamb waves is thoroughly analyzed and its state of the art is reviewed. The possibility of using effective elastic constants for determination of the velocity dependence on stress and the errors in this approximation are investigated. The use of FEM in Ansysr is validated for single mode under uniaxial tensile stress. Then, the simulations of wideband multi-mode acoustoelastic Lamb waves is carried out in the numerical software, the time-reversal focusing ability is verified and the effect of uniaxial load on the focus is investigated. Finally, experiments were performed in an aluminum plate longitudinally loaded. The feasibility of using the time reversal focus characteristics in order to measure the strain is concluded and its limitations are pointed out.

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