The purpose of this thesis is to present the main features of out-of-court dispute resolution (alternative dispute resolution) with mediation in civil and commercial issues under Directive No. 2008/52/EC, Act No. 202/2012 Coll., on Mediation and Change Some Laws ("Medition Act"), and Spanish Act No. 5/2012 on Mediation in Civil and Commercial Matters. The thesis purpose is definition of ADR and types of ADR, mediation and its relationship with international law and legislation in the Czech Republic and Spain. The thesis is divided into five basic chapters. The first chapter explains the term ADR and its advantages and disadvantages, its methods, such as mediation, arbitration, early neutral evaluation, conciliation, minitrial, expert determination and ombudsman. The thesis also explains some hybrid methods of ADR, such as med-arb and arb-med. The second chapter is devoted to the mediation. It refers to the term, the history and the development, the major principles, the forms, the person of mediator, his role, the appointment, the choice, the obligations of impartiality, the independence and the duty of confidentiality, as well as the role of the lawyer in mediation, the ethics in mediation, the costs of mediation and the process of mediation from the point of view of the particular phases. In the...

This thesis discusses the fundamental issues of arbitration in international trade. The aim of the paper is to explain the basic aspects of international arbitration, which constitute reason for choosing this method of dispute resolution, and further evaluate whether development of arbitration as such may cause international traders to reconsider arbitration as primary dispute resolution method. The structure of this thesis consists of an introduction, nine chapters and a conclusion. I determine thesis dissertation in the introduction, followed by the first chapter, where the reader is briefly acquainted with the history of arbitration and international commercial arbitration. In the second chapter dispute resolution methods in general are defined. The third chapter is devoted to alternative dispute resolution methods, their advantages and disadvantages and I further describe certain types of ADR. In the fourth chapter, arbitration is explained together with its basic attributes, theoretical concepts of arbitration and definition of international and domestic arbitration. At the end of the chapter legal sources of arbitration are listed. The fifth chapter describes the arbitration agreement as a precondition for arbitration; conditions for the validity of arbitration agreements are further defined as well...

While the formalism of isolated horizons is known for some time, only quite recently the near horizon solution of Einstein's equations has been found in the Bondi-like coordinates by Krishnan in 2012. In this framework, the space-time is regarded as the characteristic initial value problem with the initial data given on the horizon and another null hypersurface. It is not clear, however, what ini- tial data reproduce the simplest physically relevant black hole solution, namely that of Kerr-Newman which describes stationary, axisymmetric black hole with charge. Moreover, Krishnan's construction employs the non-twisting null geodesic congruence and the tetrad which is parallelly propagated along this congruence. While the existence of such tetrad can be easily established in general, its explicit form can be very difficult to find and, in fact it has not been provided for the Kerr-Newman metric. The goal of this thesis was to fill this gap and provide a full description of the Kerr-Newman metric in the framework of isolated horizons. In the theoretical part of the thesis we review the spinor and Newman-Penrose formalism, basic geometry of isolated horizons and then present our results. Thesis is complemented by several appendices.

This thesis extends the basic ordinary differential equations (ODE) course, specifically considering perturbations of ODEs. We introduce uniformly asympto- tic approximation and uniformly ordered approximation. We provide a perturba- tion-based method of computing derivatives of ODE solutions with respect to: an initial value, a parameter, and initial time. We present the method of averaging, error estimate, and a theorem about the existence and stability of a periodic so- lution to ODEs in periodic standard form. Furthermore, we apply the method of averaging to determine the period of a periodic solution of Duffing equation without forcing or damping. All the terms and methods of perturbation theory used in the thesis are accompanied with examples. 1

The thesis deals with the issue of bullying at the primary level of the elementary schools from the point of view of the experienced teachers that have encountered this kind of situations in their practice. The thesis consists of a theoretical and empirical part. The theoretical part brings latest news from the foreign and local bibliography. It describes causes, forms, participants of bullying, and there is a comparison of different kinds of solutions. Last but not least it proposes a wide range of preventive methods. The practical part is based on case studies of the interventions of bullying in the primary school which are realized through semi-structured interviews with five teachers from different countries with different backgrounds who dealt with bullying in their practise. The results present different techniques which involved people in the intervention use to efectively solve the cases and on the other hand what slows the proces of healing down and how to overcome these obstacles. Which steps were done in the classroom and which methods of prevention teachers use. This paper includes a discussion about the difference of dealing with bullying in Czech and foreign schools. KEYWORDS bullying among children, primary school, aggression, victim, aggressor, teacher's experience, diagnostics,...

The thesis deals with the connection between the way the mathematical word problems are formulated and their being understood correctly by the pupils. The main focus is on the semantic cues present in the assignment of the word problem. The thesis can be divided into two parts. The first part, which provides the theoretical framework for the whole thesis, contains the definition of a word problem. The phases of word problems solving and the possible classification of word problems are mentioned. More attention is paid to the problems with translation cues; new concepts of asymmetric context and symmetric context, called semantic cues, are introduced. An overview of several related research studies from abroad follows. The core of the thesis lies in its second part, containing a study that examines whether the pupils would be more successful in solving problems with asymmetric contexts than in solving problems with symmetric contexts. The influence had been examined on two types of problems and four age categories of pupils and students. The research was carried out through the short tests and it was attended by the total of 503 pupils of selected elementary schools and grammar schools in Prague and students of the Faculty of Education of Charles University. A higher success rate for the asymmetric...

This paper is focused on the process of design and implementation of information systems in small businesses and factors that influence this process. The course of the process per-formed by selected company is first mapped and subsequently analysed by means of case studies of real projects implemented by the company. This analysis points to the frequent occurrence of variances of the projects with the mapped process, especially in the analytical part of the process, and major impact of different psychological and sociological char-acteristics of the client or its representatives on the progress of the project. Based on these findings innovative process changes are suggested. The first change is modification of the analytical process to include acquisition of information on the characteristics of the client and to be more adaptable to the nature and scope of the project. The second is categoriza-tion of the client based on the identified characteristics and assessment of these characteris-tics as potential risks of the project. The last change is the adoption of agile approach to the process, allowing greater process flexibility with respect to the needs of specific clients and higher quality outputs.

This diploma thesis describes the bankruptcy of the company, which is solved by company's reorganization, in accordance to the Czech legislative from bookkeeping and reporting and marginally from law point of view. In the beginning there is a short description of the reorganization process and further definitions of main terms with which such process is connected. Main part of this thesis is focused on couple of possible ways how the reorganization of the company may be performed. Finally, such solutions are deeply analyzed within finished processes of reorganization including the calculation of the part of settled liabilities.

In 2003 the United States filed an official complaint against the European Community at the World Trade Organization in regards to the ban imposed on GM crops within the EU, saying that there was no scientific defense for their point of view, and this had created barriers to trade. After one of the longest dispute settlement in WTO history, the body sided with the US and deemed the ban to be restricting free trade. Conflicting research on the safety of GM crops has further complicated the matter and many members of the EU are still choosing to ban GM crops in defiance of the WTO ruling.

This paper analyses proceeding of international community headed by United Nations by Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo conflict resolution. It examines roles of the most important international actors within particular conflict resolution phases that are represented by policy lines defined by Boutros Boutros-Ghali and used by UN. It verifies statement that international community has participated by conflict resolution in Bosnia and Herzegovina and in Kosovo in every phase and has used instruments of all policy lines. The first chapter defines single policy lines that international community has at its disposal when conflict resolving. Reasons and course of conflicts are outlined within the second chapter. The third and fourth chapter analyse in particular subchapters international community activities in relation to preventive diplomacy, peacemaking, peacekeeping and peacebuilding in Bosnia and Herzegovina and in Kosovo.