Aim: To evaluate the primary health care professionals‘ practice of promoting and supporting breastfeeding in Kaunas city. Objectives: 1.) To evaluate knowledge and breastfeeding practice of mothers who have a baby of age less than 1 year; 2.) To evaluate knowledge and activity of primary health care professionals in promoting breastfeeding; 3.) To compare breastfeeding practice promoted by professionals of primary health care centers with breastfeeding practice of mothers; 4.) To compare the activity of primary health care professionals in informing mothers about breastfeeding with mothers’ evaluation of this activity. Method of assessment: Anonymous questionnaire. 407 questionnaires for mothers were distributed in 26 family clinics, GP’s offices (284 questionnaires returned – 69.8 %) and to all primary health care professionals (84 general practitioners and 52 general practice nurses). 51 questionnaire returned – 60.7 % of GP and 40 questionnaires – 76.9 % of general practice nurses. Data analysis was made with Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS (12.0 v.). Microsoft Excel was used for diagrams and tables. Results: Only 62.7 % of questioned mothers were breastfed their babies. Only 42.3 % of mothers were breastfed their babies till their age of 6 months. Only 6 % of mothers were trying to breastfeed their babies more often after reduction of milk in breasts; 8.5 % of mothers were breastfed according regimen; 31 % of mothers were giving pacifiers to their... [to full text]