「兩岸通航」主張的提出，是早在一九七九年元旦，中共「人大常委會」首先提出兩岸應進行「通郵、通商、通航」的三通內容開始。經過多年的交往實踐過程，兩岸已經結束敵對狀況，改以和平對話來進行溝通，三通早已完成了「通郵、通商」兩通。而目前為止，「通航」對於臺灣則仍有所顧忌於開放通航後將帶來的衝擊。但由於臺灣單方面禁止通航的政策，使兩岸間人民的往來，經貿貨物的運輸，都必須繞道轉航，造成許多的不便，估計每年僅空運經香港轉機，便需多出百億臺幣的不必要花費，是以「開放通航」的需求，一直成為臺灣內部的熱門話題，加以目前臺灣積極發展成為亞太營運中心的計畫中，兩岸間無障礙的貨物運輸入與每年中國大陸龐大的出口貨櫃，因中國大陸口無法即時處理需經其他地區港口轉運的成長需求，使兩岸間的通航客觀環境已經有所改變，也使通航的相關問題有了研究的價值。 　　由於通航的可否，牽連著兩岸間的關係消長,也是各种政治經濟、社會勢力的運作結果，不可否認的，現階段實現兩岸通航的需求已成為一種極大的政治壓力，考驗著大陸政策的未來與兩岸關係的消長，也使「通航」的需求有正反面的支持與折衝。 　　本文即是立於上述的觀點，對於通航問題加以研析在不同層面的本質，以供參考。 / For the past decades years, Taiwan adopt close-door policy to Mainland china because of the political and security concerns, transportation cross the Strait is mostly indirect, Shipment must be through a third place (mainly Hong Kong )and it takes time and costs more invalidly. Therefore, an increasing demand for travel to Mainland directly is expected. 　　Some evidence shows that it will be great benefit for Taiwan to adopt the open door policy to Mainland, specially, after estimating the number of passenger, shipment and freight cross the Strait past. In addition, the completion of the Asia Pacific Regional Operation Center (APROC) plan has open eye to Mainland's market to built an neweconomic construction of Taiwan in next century. 　　For the past five years, The trade growth rate has a prosperous increasing by 20% cross the Strait and we wait more profound changes will occur in future. It is well known that the high income elasticity of direct transportation cross strait demand due to the Taiwan's changing both in economy and politics which has made the overall transport system would widen the market for advanced development requirement for Taiwan. It do expand our desire to make it come true in practice. 　　In this study, constructing a system with four ways to discuss the demand of direct transportation corss the Strait. For the macro-political discussion, taking the recent political theory to show different political-making process, and reviewed the situation of requirements to enhance the importance of activities which have been the major direct force for Taiwan's Mainland policy. 　　Secondly, we let the number of cross Strait trade show that there are an urge demand in trade and investment for Taiwan. It makes us know how it goes about the Taiwan's commerce interest depending in trading with Mainland China. 　　By discussing those situation, a plan would include a project of future air and shipment as a basis for assessing the requirement of airlines, airports, political infrastructure about Mainland. What we want is to find something under the unknowing.

戰後台灣的政治安定，立基於經濟發展，經濟發展取決於貿易傳動。在全球化的時代，經貿是台灣積極串聯世界、爭取生存茁壯的關鍵樞紐；對四面環海的台灣而言，能源及原物料之進口與轉化後財貨之對外貿易，全賴於海運實踐，台灣以一個海島型經濟型態「不斷向世界市場擴張」的過程中，國際海運是國家經濟與世界市場的實質聯結。國際海運因而成為台灣迎向全球與經貿發展的生命線，政軍安定的守護神。 本文主要的目的，在探討戰後(1950~2005)我國國際海運政策的治理模式與治理政策。台灣四面環海，具有發展國際海運的地理優勢，比較世界各國的發展，台灣地區的國際海運經營與發展，在世界上一直佔有相當重要的地位。然而，近年來，由於中國大陸的崛起，台灣則基於自身的考量，執行「戒急用忍」政策，遲遲不開放兩岸通航與協商航商西進，使得台灣的經濟優勢逐漸流失，國輪航商之經營環境也隨之惡化，本研究藉由歷史與結構的研究途徑，從戰後我國國際海運發展的歷史脈絡與結構變遷，就其治理模式與治理策略進行深入的探討。 除了經由文獻探討中，檢視我國國際海運政策的變革之外，進一步與我國國際海運的公經理人、學者與業者等共三十位專業人士，進行實證的訪問調查，獲得第一手的資料，然後與文獻分析所得相互驗證，進而歸納成結論，並就我國國際海運政策的治理模式與治理策略，提出建言。 / Abstract: Comparing with the development of other countries, water-surrounded Taiwan has to build up its international shipping industry to facilitate international trade and therefore stabilize its polity through economic development. Due to the geographic privilege, Taiwan also has its strength of developing international shipping for linking the national economy and the world market. The objective of this study is to explore the governance mode and strategies of Taiwan’s international shipping policy after the World War II. This study investigated the relationships among international politics, macroeconomic and international trade, government policy, and industry environment for the international shipping policy. In addition to literature review, this study interviewed public managers, scholars and industrial professionals to empirically collect the experienced data by “in-depth interview.” Through the integrated means, this study concludes that Taiwan’s international shipping policy has played an important role for developing the industry in each stage of Taiwan’s development on economy and international trade, whilst the government in Taiwan should seek more practical governance modes and strategies to cope with the challenges to come.