我國保險業自2004年導入要保人數位簽章以來，不僅在推動上面臨困難，網路業務也未能順利拓展，然政府業務及金融交易已成功導入電子憑證的各項應用，未來，如何兼顧保險電子商務及數位簽章的應用發展，將是保險業的重大挑戰。本研究的主要目的在於探討保險業對要保人數位簽章的態度與傾向，以創新採用速率的主要影響因素作為理論分析基礎，探討風險資安因素對數位簽章的採用影響，以及金融保險憑證與政府相關憑證的採用傾向。本研究採郵寄問卷調查方式蒐集保險業對數位簽章的看法，總計回收有效問卷為46份。研究結果如次： 一、 產險業與壽險業皆不會因為風險資安因素而採用數位簽章。 二、 產險業配合政府政策而採用憑證的意願偏低，壽險業配合政府政策而採用憑證的意願較高。 三、 產險業傾向不採用網路保險憑證，但傾向採用網路銀行憑證、網路下單憑證及政府相關憑證。 四、 不論是網路保險憑證、網路銀行憑證、網路下單憑證及政府相關憑證，壽險業皆傾向採用。 我國保險業如擬繼續推展要保人數位簽章，本研究建議： 一、 訂定未取得要保書正本簽名或未採用數位簽章所應遵循的規範，包括傳真簽名及其他身分確認機制，以創造有利於網路業務發展的環境。 二、 擴大要保人數位簽章的應用範圍，包括開放保險業銷售中風險的保險商品，以及授權保險業存取政府資料庫管控核保風險等，以利保險業提供差異化的網路投保服務。 三、 原則上，以政府相關憑證為主，金融憑證為輔的方式推動保險業採用數位簽章，如有推動上的困難，則改以保險憑證為主，金融憑證為輔的方式替代，並開放保險憑證及金融憑證可經由異業結盟互為使用。 四、 基於維持保險電子商務市場秩序考量，保險經代人經營電子商務宜納入保險業管理規範，以建立公平的市場競爭環境，俾利保險業經營網路投保業務，消費者享有更多保費折扣優惠。 關鍵字：數位簽章、創新感知屬性、網路投保、保險電子商務 / Since the insurers employed insured digital signatures in 2004, they have not only faced difficulties in promotion but also expanded online businesses hardly. However, the government businesses and the financial transactions have fulfilled various applications of digital certificates successfully. In the future, how to well develop the applications of e-insurance and digital signatures at the same time will become a significant challenge for the insurance industries. The major goal of this study is to delve into the insurers’ postures and bents toward the implementation of insured digital signatures. The analysis theory is based on primary factors of affecting the rate of adoption of an innovation. It supports to explore the influence of operational risks and information securities upon the use of digital signatures, and the tendencies of the use of financial digital certificates and government-related digital certificates. To collect the required data provided by insurers, this study used mail questionnaire method, totaling the valid questionnaire of the recovery as 46s. The findings are listed as follows: 1. Both the P&C insurers and the life insurers do not adopt insured digital signatures due to operational risks and information securities. 2. Regarding the compliance of the government policies, the P&C insurers incline not to adopt digital certificates. However, the life insurers incline to adopt digital certificates. 3. The P&C insurers incline not to adopt insurance digital certificates, but incline to adopt banking digital certificates, stock-dealing digital certificates and government-related digital certificates. 4. No matter what kind of digital certificates are, including insurance digital certificates, banking digital certificates, stock-dealing digital certificates and government-related digital certificates, the life insurers incline to adopt any of them. If the insurance industries would like to continue to advance the development of insured digital signatures, the propositions are listed as follows: 1. In order to create a beneficial environment for the development of online businesses, this study suggests developing directions for the signatures by fax and the other signer authentication mechanism. 2. In order to let the insurers offer differential online insurance services, this study proposes permitting the insurers to sell middle-risk insurance products and access government databases for underwriting risk management. 3. In principle, it is preferable that the insurers employ government-related digital certificates and financial digital certificates. If hardly, the insurers employ insurance digital certificates and financial digital certificates instead. Moreover, both digital certificates have reciprocal usage for each other by means of strategic alliance from different financial businesses. 4. Based on the consideration of keeping e-insurance market order, this study propounds that the e-insurance of brokers and agents are incorporated into directions for the e-insurance of insurers in order to establish a fair market competition environment. It is helpful to insurers’ online businesses and consumers’ preferential premiums. Keywords: Digital Signatures, Rate of Adoption of an Innovation, Online Insurance, e-Insurance

由於目前各大保險公司多已具有線上投保服務的功能，本論文即以實務上常見的線上投保為出發點，探討保險業電子商務相關的法律問題，以B2C為核心，先以二章探討電子電子簽章法對保險電子商務的影響，分別就電子化意思表示之成立與生效要件及電子文件在法律上的效力做探討，針對現行民法與電子簽章法第七條關於電子化意思表示之生效時點做立法上的介紹，包含立法草案、立法理由之比較，及就國際上各國立法例做比較法上的探討。另外電子化意思表示的瑕疵即電子錯誤的法律問題，國外立法有相當詳盡的規定，我國法上則無相關的規範，本章並就此問題加以探討並提出立法上可行性之建議。第四章則針對現行電子簽章法第四條至第六條關於電子文件法律效力的規範做立法沿革、立法理由之比較與研究，並介紹國際上相關的立法例，對電子簽章法第四條至第六條規範不足的部分提出修正建議。最後整理並介紹電子簽章法第四條至第六條在保險電子商務運用上的影響 　　其次為保險電子商務下相關特別法的規範，本文以消費者保護法以及為主題，分別討論網路上的使用者約款與電子商務契約是否適用特種買賣的法律問題，針對現行消費者保護法及相關特別法與保險電子商務有關的部分提出那些應予適用那些應予排除的研究結論，如：消保法關於定型化契約之規範應適用於保險公司網站上的使用者約款、會員約款、定型化保單條款上；企業有那些應盡的告知義務、線上保險契約國外有那些立法例允許適用特種買賣那些立法例排除我國法上可否做如此的設計…等等 　　最後為本論文的結論，並附上現行實務草擬的保險業網路交易管理辦法、保險業電子商務業者自律公約範本、保險業服務契約範本草案及IAIS有關保險網際網路營業行為監理的核心原則做出對照，期能對保險電子商務相關的法律問題有所理論上或實務上的助益。 / E-Commerce is the most potential selling way. of the insurance. It is not only helpful in reducing the cost of the transaction of the business, but also enriching the scope of the service, enhancing the image of the insurance company. Online communication can establish good relationship between the customs and the company. Some researches had pointed that intangible goods are suit in E-Commerce, therefore, it is surely that finance, insurance will tie with E-Commerce. Related researches on E-Commerce Law have also emerged in the rescently. years, and they have become new scope of the science of law.Although insurance goods are also intangible finance goods, they are different to the other finance contracts. Some researches have also pointed that there are advantages and disadvantages when insurance company use E-Commerce, so E-Commerce is in special way showing in the insurance practice. Insurance selling can not totally be replaced by E-Commerce, therefore,there is special space to study in the related legal problems on the E-Commerce of the insurance . 　　This paper will discuss the legal problems of the E-Commerce of the insurance, especially focus on B2C. Electronic Signature Act has passed on 2001.11.10, and it is the first law about the E-Commerce in Taiwan Chapters2 of this paper will discuss the problems of what the Electronic Signature Act influence the E-Commerce. First, the Electronic Signature Act regulates that the valid time of the electronic representation, Chapter3 will discuss the related preparation, the reasons of this regulation, compare the foreign regulations about this issue, and comment it. Then, there is no regulation about electronic error in Taiwan law, we will discuss the related problems. Chapter4 and Chapter5 discuss the legal questions about electronic paper and consumer protection of the e-commerce.