隨著赤道原則概念的推行，銀行的授信決策中，逐漸考量公司的環境、社會、公司治理等面向的表現，顯示企業社會責任表現已成為銀行風險評估的因素之一。因此，本研究以信用風險評等與銀行借款利率作為企業風險之代理變數，探討企業社會責任表現是否會影響信評機構與銀行對公司之預期風險。 在控制財務特性及公司治理變數下，本研究實證結果顯示：（1）企業社會責任負面表現（環保與安全、資訊公告、其他違法與違規及綜合指標面向）與信用風險評等呈正向關係；（2）企業社會責任負面表現（其他違法與違規面向）與銀行借款利率呈正向關係；（3）額外之測試顯示，長期借款利率較短期借款利率更能反映企業社會責任對利率的影響。綜合上述分析結果，信評機構及銀行皆會將企業社會責任負面表現視為風險因子，提升公司信用風險評等及借款利率，使得公司的融資門檻提高。 / With the promotion of the Equator Principles, environmental, social and governance performance of the business is becoming considerations for bank loan decisions. It shows that corporate social responsibility has been one of the factors for risk considerations. Therefore, our study uses credit rating as well as loan rates as proxies for business risk to investigate whether the CSR performance affects the risk anticipation of banks and credit rating agencies. After controlling firm-specific and corporate governance factors, we find that: (1) A significantly positive association exits between CSR negative performance (environmental protection and safety, information announcement, other violations and the whole) and credit rating; (2) A significantly positive association also exits between CSR negative performance (other violations) and loan rates; (3) the analysis of additional tests indicates that CSR negative performance has greater effect on long-term loan rates than on short-term rates. To sum up, the CSR negative performance is one of the risk factors for banks and credit rating agencies to increase the credit rating and loan rates, simultaneously raising the financing threshold for the business.

本研究以公司當年度新增借款觀察會計師查核報告對債權投資人在決定貸款條件之影響。結果發現修正式無保留意見與借款利率具顯著正向關聯，與借款金額具顯著負向關聯，代表債權投資人視修正式無保留意見為一種負面資訊之傳遞。本研究進一步將修正式無保留意見分成重大不確定性、繼續經營假設有疑慮、重編及會計原則變動類型，發現不同的修正式無保留意見類型亦與借款條件有所關聯，其中以繼續經營假設有疑慮意見影響最大。本研究的結論為會計師查核報告對債權投資人於決定貸款合約時有所影響，債權人會依據會計師查核意見及查核報告內容決定其貸款決策。