1 |
偏遠地區小學裁併政策之研究─民主行政理論的觀點姜博超 Unknown Date (has links)
近年來許多地方政府以「效率主義」的觀點裁併偏遠地區小校,以達縮減人事成本以及教育資源有效配置之目的。這樣的公共政策看似言之成理─不賺錢或沒效率的單位應予以裁撤,然而此項政策所影響的政策利害關係人不可謂少數,其影響之標的又屬於教育之範疇,對於孩童未來的發展更是影響深遠。因此,本研究希冀了解行政人員推行本項政策時是否重視「民主」與「社會公平」之目標;再者,探討政策利害關係人參與本項政策過程之情形;最後,試圖尋求偏遠小校未來發展的可行途徑。
綜上述,本研究將以台南縣為研究對象,探討該縣偏遠小校裁併之政策,希望藉由效率與社會公平之爭辯與民主行政理論下的相關分析架構,透過與政策主管機關與相關之利害關係人的深度訪談,對此項政策進行深入的探討及研究。
本研究經由理論探討、文獻檢閱以及深度訪談等方式,整理出研究發現如下:
一、裁撤偏遠小校之政策與縣政府之教育政策目標互相牴觸,形成政策弔詭之處。
二、「由上而下」之政策規劃與執行,民眾參與徒具形式。
三、行政人員角色似乎過於消極、卸責。
四、「學童數多寡」仍為主要裁併校之評估指標。
五、學校內部團隊之角色攸關偏遠小校裁併與否。
六、偏遠小校與社區兩者關係密不可分。
七、偏遠小校具有發展之潛力,裁併並非最後一條路。
|
2 |
事業廢棄物掩埋場設置衝突之研究—以台南縣東山鄉為例 / The case study of industrial waste landfills establish the conflict in Dongshan Township,Tainan County范雲清, Fan, Yun Ching Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以環境正義理論為基礎,探討事業廢棄物掩埋場開發決策背後導致衝突肇因之環境不正義議題及衝突化解之道。首先,針對國內事業廢棄物處理政策的發展脈絡,構築出政府現階段解決事業廢棄物最終處置的思維,一則積極推動源頭減量、回收再利用;其次,又企圖鼓勵興建掩埋場解決事業廢棄物最終處置問題的雙軌併行政策,在缺乏整合的運作邏輯之下,能否發揮事業廢棄物減量、降低掩埋場設置需求的政策執行成效?繼而,在地方政府被賦予審議或核定環境開發治理權的轉變之下,應如何扮演該決策制訂與審議制度運作的角色,藉由「台南縣東山鄉事業廢棄物掩埋場」興建個案研究,探究掩埋場設置衝突事件之肇因,及地方住民、環保團體抗爭訴求,與開發業者、地方政府在個案申請設置或開發決策過程中所呈現環境不正義之關連性,並進一步推導出在地住民因環境權的被剝奪,而從事此抗爭運動所衍生「環境正義理念」的主張。
本研究結論指出,除環保署應積極整合事業廢棄物「源頭減廢、回收再利用」與「鼓勵掩埋場設置」兩政策之執行計畫及成效,俾能藉由減少廢棄物之產出,以降低掩埋場設置需求外;地方政府進行事業廢棄物掩埋場開發決策制訂前,應賦權民眾參與的機制,嚴肅看待開發過程所衍生不正義的問題,提高決策的正當性及公信力;同時透過開發審議制度及法令結構的變革,亦即賦予當地住民獲得充分資訊的權利、公開聽證的權利、民主參與的權利、協調開發單位與受影響的住民簽訂「環境保護協定」,以及要求事業機構負起調整生產結構的責任,作為實踐環境正義理念的方法,藉以改善環境決策品質及決策制訂的思維,俾作為地方政府部門從事掩埋場設施開發決策,消彌環境不正義衝突爭議之參考,以提供另種紓解民眾衝突爭端的途徑。 / In this study based on the theory of environmental justice ,by industrial waste landfills lead to the development of decision-making behind the cause of the conflict of environmental injustice issues and the way to resolve the conflict. First of all, the cause for domestic waste disposal policy development context, the government resolved at this stage to build industrial waste final disposal of thinking, an actively to promote the source reduction, recycling and reuse.Secondly, an attempt to encourage establishment industrial waste landfills to solve the problem of final disposal of parallel two-track policy, a lack of integration in the operation of logic, could appear of reducing waste, reducing landfills established of the policy effectiveness?then, in local government be given consideration or approved development and control of environmental, how to play with the consideration of the decision-making role. By " In Dongshan Township,Tainan County industrial waste landfills" the established of case study, probe into landfills established the causes of conflict, and local residents, environmental groups protested demand, and local government development of decision-making process in the present environmental injustice relevance, and further deduced in the right environment for the inhabitants of the deprived, while engaged in this social movements against by the derivative "concept of environmental justice".
This study concluded that, the EPD should actively integrated industrial waste, "the source of waste reduction, recycling and reuse" and " encourage to establish of landfills " two policy implementation plan and effectiveness, achieved to reduce waste output and the need for establish of landfills . Local government for industrial waste landfills development decision-making, should be to empower public participation, look at the development process is derived from the issue of injustice, enhance the legitimacy and credibility of the decision-making.At the same time, through the development checkup system and changes in the structure of act, which gives local residents the right to receive adequate information, the right to public hearings, the right to democratic participation, coordinated developer and residents affected by the signing of environmental protection agreements and require producer assume the responsibility of the production structure adjustment, as a practical way the concept of environmental justice, to improve the quality of decision-making, it could serve as a local government departments engaged in the development of decision-making landfills facilities, eliminating the environmental injustice a reference for controversial conflict , to provide another kind of dispute the way the conflict.
|
Page generated in 0.0119 seconds