本研究的研究目的是提供英文老師如何在課堂上有效運用合作教 學，並提供老師在處理合作學習分組上一些適當、 有用的建議。本研究以一班台北市高職二年級學生為對象，以四種合作教學法應用在他們英文課上，並將實驗劃分為兩階段—同質學習能力小組及異質學習能力小組。藉此探討不同學習能力的學生對不同能力分組方式，有何感受及差異。此外，本論文亦深入探討合作學習在學生情意領域上的影響， 比照他們在不同分組階段後的感受及成效。 資料蒐集方式包括兩份主要問卷調查，分別於不同分組階段後實施，及學生週誌、課堂觀察、及訪談。資料分析方式為量化的描述性統計及質化內容分析法。研究結果摘要如下： 一. 高成就學生偏好同質學習能力分組，並在社會技巧及英語學習上，顯著優於其他同學。 二. 低成就學生偏好異質學習能力分組，實施合作教學後，對於學習意願、上課態度上，有明顯進步。 三. 實施合作教學後，大部分學生在英語學習、學習興趣、態度、及社會技巧、人際關係上，皆有提升。 / The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of different groupings of Cooperative Learning on an English class of vocational high school students in Taiwan. Cooperative Learning is one of the teaching techniques applied in EFL classrooms, proved to be effective in promoting students’ academic achievement, affective domain as well as improving students’ interpersonal relationship. Although many EFL teachers in Taiwan have adopted cooperative learning to their teaching, not all of them paid attention to the grouping criteria. This study aims to investigate which ability grouping, heterogeneous or homogeneous, can bring most benefits to the students in their English learning and affective domain. In other words, this study tries to probe in the effectiveness of cooperative learning, by students’ perception, whether their learning attitude, achievement and social skills are enhanced through cooperative learning. And the relationship between different ability levels of the students and their preference for different groupings is also investigated. The grouping criteria, based on the participants’ academic achievement, divide the experiment into two stages—heterogeneous grouping and homogeneous grouping. Four cooperative learning methods are applied in the class—Students Team Achievement Division (STAD), Teams-Games-Tournaments (TGT), Learning Together (LT) and Jigsaw. Forty-two students, taught by the researcher, from the 2nd year class at a vocational high school in Taipei, have participated in this study. By conducting questionnaires after the two stages of different groupings and oral interviews at the end of the experiment, the researcher collected and analyzed the data. The findings of the study indicate that high-ability students prefer to work with the similar-ability peers, while low-ability ones prefer to work in heterogeneous groups. The participants are positive toward the effectiveness of cooperative learning in promoting their English learning, learning attitude and social skills. By running SPSS, the statistical results also show significant difference that high-achieving students are satisfied with the improvement of their social skills and English learning more than the students of other levels when they are placed in homogeneous groups. The study not only provides EFL teachers with an effective framework of applying cooperative learning in English class, but also offers teachers appropriate and useful suggestion in adopting different groupings. Based on the above results, some pedagogical implications for English teachers and suggestions for learning strategy instructions are provided at the end of the study.

國內過去有關幼稚園教師合班關係之研究，多以個案的方式進行，缺乏大量樣本的研究。因此，本研究以量化的方式，首先調查幼稚園教師合班關係之實際與理想情形；繼而探討不同背景變項幼稚園教師與合班滿意度、教學效能感、工作滿足之關係；最後探討幼稚園教師合班滿意度與教學效能感、工作滿足之關係。 　　本研究發現：（一）公私立幼稚園的教師合班類型並不相同，公幼以輪流教學為主，私幼以主助教搭配合作為主；但多數公私立幼稚園教師認為，團隊式教學才是理想的合作教學類型。（二）整體幼稚園教師的合班滿意度在六點量表中，為4.74，接近「滿意」程度。（三）公私立幼稚園教師的合班滿意度無顯著差異，但有區域性差異，台北縣市的教師合班滿意度，優於台中縣市與高雄縣市。（四）教師的教學效能感與園所規模、教學年資都有關；一班規模的教師教學效能感顯著較低，年資3年以下的教師教學效能感也較低。（五）合班滿意度與教學效能感呈顯著中度正相關（相關係數 .415, p<.01）。（六）合班滿意度與工作滿足也呈現顯中度著正相關（相關係數 .410. p <.01）。 　　本研究並根據研究結果提出建議，以提供幼稚園教師、幼稚園經營管理者、政府機關以及未來研究者之參考。 / In the past, the studies for two kindergarten teachers cooperation in one classroom in Taiwan were used to conduct in case study and still insufficient for large and quantitative sample study.Therefore, using quantitative way, this study firstly investigated the practical and ideal situations for two kindergarten teachers cooperation in one classroom.Then, after discussing the relation among kindergarten teachers‘s different background, cooperative satisfaction, teaching efficacy, and job satisfaction, this study discussesd the relation among kindergarten teachers cooperative satisfaction , teaching efficacy, and job satisfaction. 　　It finds out that： (1) The cooperative type of teachers is various between public and private kindergartens. The major teaching is a week in rotation in public kindergartens while the other teacher as assistance in private kindergartens. In addition, most teachers in both public and private kindergartens believed that the ideal type of cooperative teaching is team work. (2) In six-point scale for satisfaction of the teacher cooperation, the total point is 4.74, closed to the degree of “satisfied”. (3) Teachers‘cooperative satisfaction shows no significant difference between public and private kindergarten, but in region. It’s greater in Taiper city than in Taichung and Kaohsiung city. (4) The teaching efficacy is related to the size of the kindergarten and the teaching experiences. This study shows that the teaching efficacy is lower in schools which have only one class and teachers within three year teaching experience. (5) The cooperative satisfaction and teaching efficacy reveals mid positive correlation (r = .415, p < .01). (6) The cooperative satisfaction and job satisfaction also indicate mid positive correlation (r = .410, p < .01). 　　According to the findings, this study proposes some suggestions for kindergarten teachers, kindergarten managers , administration, and researchers in the future.

本研究旨在探討團隊式、主從式、輪流式之合班教學類型其教師課堂經驗與幼兒課程經驗之內涵。本研究使用自編之「幼兒課程經驗記錄表」與「教師課堂經驗記錄表」進行結構式之觀察，觀察對象為台北市公立幼稚園「團隊式」、「主從式」、「輪流式」班級之教師及幼兒，各兩班；觀察時間從早上九點至下午四點，共18天，並於觀察結束後進行教師訪談。 分析結果發現，教師課堂經驗層面，(一)團隊式教師之合作方式以「共同主導」為主，工作內容以「教學相關內容」為主。而「共同討論」比例最高，深度亦是最深，「常規」管理之時間最少。(二)主從式教師合作方式以「一主一協」為主，除中午生活活動時段「獨自帶領」比例提升；工作內容以「教學相關內容」為主。(三)輪流式教師合作方式以「獨自帶領」為主，除中午生活活動時段以「共同主導」為主；工作內容以「照料幼兒」為主，由於獨自帶領比例高，因此「常規」比例最高。 幼兒課程經驗層面，(一)三種合班教學類型皆以「生活活動」比例最高，「學習活動」次之，「轉銜活動」最少。其中上午時段以「學習活動」為主，中午以「生活活動」為主。(二)「學習活動」以「團隊式」、「主從式」之比例最高；「生活活動」以「輪流式」比例最高；「轉銜活動」以「主從式」、「輪流式」比例最高。(三)下午時段，「團隊式」、「主從式」以「學習活動」為主，但主從式多為角落與各類遊戲活動；「輪流式」則以「生活活動」為主。(四)三種合班教學類型之共同參與者皆以「教師與同儕」為主；活動主導者皆以「教師主導」為主；目標明確度以「團隊式」最高。 本研究亦發現，(一)三種合班教學類型其個別指導比例皆偏低，其與研究者進班觀察時間有關。(二)「團隊式」、「主從式」教師間會交流資訊；影響教師參與專業成長活動因素為教師時間與體力、研習內容等。(三)教師兼任行政工作之影響為中斷教學、增加教師負擔、提升教師獨自帶領比例等。(四)公幼並非完全無注音教學，原因為幼小銜接、因應家長需求。(五)自然科學比例較低，美術活動多為繪畫，素材多為彩色筆、蠟筆，缺乏多元性。 最後根據以上之結論，研究者針對幼稚園教師、幼稚園所、教育行政機關及後續研究提出建議。 關鍵字：合作教學、教學類型、課堂經驗、課程經驗、幼稚園 / The main purpose of this study is to discuss teachers' experiences and young children's experienced curriculum in three co-teaching types of classrooms, including “team work type”, “teach- assist type”, and “ rotation type”. This study uses “children's experienced curriculum record” and “teachers' experiences in the classroom record” to do the structural observation. Researcher observed three co-teaching types of classrooms choosing from Taipei city public kindergartens, two classrooms for each co-teaching type, totally six classrooms, from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., totally 18 days, and interviewed teachers after observation. Following are the results of this study: First, on the part of teachers' experiences, (A) The primary cooperation way of team work type is “leading together”, and the primary work of team work type is about teaching. Besides, the percentage of discussion is the most, and the classroom- rule management is the least. (B) The primary cooperation way of teach- assist type is “one teach and one assist”, but the percentage of “leading alone” is increased only in the period of noon, and the primary work is about teaching. (C) The primary cooperation way of rotation type is “leading alone”, the percentage of “leading together” is increased only at the time of daily routine in the period of noon, and the primary work is about taking care of children. Besides, the percentage of classroom- rule management is the most. Second , on the part of children's experienced curriculum, (A) In all three types of co-teaching, “daily routine ” has the highest percentage of the context of curriculum, the “learning time” has the second most percentage, and the “transition time” has the least. And the primary activity in the period of morning is “learning”, while the primary activity in the period of noon is “daily routine ”. (B) “Learning time” in the team work type and teach-assist type classrooms is the most, and the “ rotation type” classrooms have the most “daily routine ” time. The teach-assist type and “rotation type” classrooms have the most percentage of “transition time” (C) In the period of afternoon, the primary activity in the team work type and teach- assist type classrooms is “learning time”, but teach- assist type classrooms have more learning corner and play time. And the primary activity in the “rotation type” classrooms is “daily routine ”. (D) The co-participants in all three types of co-teaching classrooms are teachers and peers, and teachers are the main leaders in the activities. And the goal of team work type is most explicit. This study also found, (A) The reason that the percentage of “individual instruction” in the three types of co-teaching classrooms is low, is because of the researcher’s observation time. (B) Teachers belong to team work type and teach-assist type usually exchange information. The factors affect teachers on attending professional development activities are their time, energy, and training programs. (C) The effects that teachers participate in administrative works are interrupting teaching, increasing teachers’ burden, and the percentage of “leading alone”. (D) Owing to the demand of transition from kindergarten to primary school, and the expectations of parents, there still be Chinese phonetic symbol teaching in public kindergartens. (E) The percentage of science curriculum is low. The art activities are mainly drawing, and the materials of art are mostly crayons or color pens, which are lack of varieties. On the basis of the results, this study proposes some suggestions for kindergarten managers, administrations, teachers, and researchers. Key words: co-teaching, teaching type, teachers' experiences, young children's experienced curriculum, kindergarten