In the political history of Soviet Union, state securty is the most important role for Soviet leader ,and KGB was one of the most remarkable security organization in Soviet history. Under president Mikhail Gorbachev's democratization and glasnost policies, the vast security system also faced serious change and collapse. Everyone knows, the Soviet regime was liberalizing and softening, cries of Perestroika and Glasnost filled the air, the KGB was transforming itself from an instrument of state power to a state power in rules of law. However, the KGB had seized the unique opportunity afforded by the political and economic chaos of Perestroika and Glasnost years to acquire more power of decision-making. After the August 1991 coup, Mikhail Gorbachev signed into law the formal end of the KGB, that is ,the KGB was declared formerly dead on Nov.26, 1991. Then the KGB had splited into a number of independent agencies, but we knew that the KGB had been altered, not abolished. When the USSR dissolved, Gorbachev's time was gone---instead of the new "democratic" government of Boris Yeltsin, and KGB also transferred to the Russian Federation. Although the security apparatus in Russia has changed its name several times since 1991, the functions of the former KGB dispersed among several agencies, president Boris Yeltsin still attempted to centralize those services, then become the power of direct president control. So this study analyzes and explains mainly the Soviet state security sevices of Gorbachev period and the post-Soviet successors in Russia Federation how to build, what are the structures, what are the main functions of services, and what are their potential effects on Russian. In conclusion, the KGB was still a necessary part of Russian political game, a dangerous weapon used by Yeltsin against Gorbachev, by Gorbachev against Yeltsin, by consolidation of Yeltsin's power, even if the KGB has been restructured and renamed, it is still a formidable force with extensive potential to the democratization of Russia. So what the changes of former KGB and the imtelligence organization of Russian Federation from Gorbachev to Yeltsin will need to study carefully in the future.