本研究運用物空間匹配的理論，由已知方位的航空影像與由航空影像自動匹配產生或由空載光達測量取得的數值表面模型(DSM)資料中的平面特徵，製作成正射影像區塊，作為航空影像的控制資訊，並解算待求解之航空影像外方位參數。物空間匹配是以地元(groundel)的概念為基礎，地元為物空間上的單元，每個地元均含描述地表灰值變化的輻射資訊，以及描述地表起伏的幾何資訊。在此一地元即對應於正射影像區塊中的一個正射影像位置，由地元出發，經共線條件並進行輻射資訊調整可於航空影像上產生相對應的像元灰值。依據此關係，產生正射影像區塊時，使用已知方位的航空影像，由DSM資料並萃取物空間中的平面資訊，並由萃取平面上的每一地元出發，經由共線條件比對各已知方位航空影像中相對應像元間的灰值差異，進而產生正射影像區塊；而以正射影像區塊進行影像控制時，則由正射影像區塊中的每一地元出發，仍經由共線條件比對地表上的地元與相對應於待求解之航空影像上的像元灰值差異，達到影像外方位求解之目的。本研究中除以物空間匹配模式發展正射影像區塊製作與航空影像外方位求解之理論之外，並以不同時期的航空影像資料進行實驗與分析。 / Existing aerial images and related spatial data are suitable for control data in aerial photogrammetry. This study will employ the concept of object space matching to generate the orthoimage control patches of plane features from existing aerial images data and digital surface model acquired from aerial image matching or airborne LIDAR surveying. Afterwards, those orthoimage control patches will be used to determine exterior orientation of aerial images by the concept of object space matching. Essentially, object space matching is based on the concept of groundel. The terrain surface condition is described by radiative information and geometric information in each groundel, i.e. each location (or pixel) in orthoimage control patches. The corresponding grey value of each pixel in each aerial image is transformed by the collinear condition and the adjustment of radiative information of groundel. According to the above-mentioned relationship, the relevant theory for generation of orthoimage control patches and exterior orientation determination of aerial images will be developed based on the comparison of grey value between each groundel and each corresponding aerial image pixel. To verify the feasibility of our derived theory, the aerial image data acquired from different period will be utilized for the test. Meanwhile, the relevant problems will be discussed and investigated in the experiments.

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