全球化時代的來臨，促進企業的國際化並加速了國際貿易的成長。企業進行海外拓展國際化的第一步便是出口，也因此出口績效儼然成為許多國際商業或經濟學者探討的重要議題。然而，在如此眾多的出口績效研究中，研究目標卻鮮少為新興市場企業。 新興市場如今已於全球市場竄起，許多投資者皆對新興市場趨之若鶩。在與已開發經濟體大相逕庭的環境中，新興市場企業之出口績效決定因素又與已開發經濟體是否相異，本研究將以新興市場為主要目標探討出口績效因素以補齊過去文獻之不足。 本研究於B2B電子商務平台中隨機蒐集了319個樣本，透過後進者觀點切入，加入過去未受詳盡探討之因素並搭配樣本特性，歸納出五項因素：創新能力、產品品質控管、電子商務使用時間、海外地區多樣性、是否天生全球化，並在控制公司規模的情況下以階層式迴歸進行實證分析。 研究結果發現，雖然各變數對出口績效皆呈現正向影響，但創新能力與海外地區多樣性並未達到顯著水準，故無法使假設成立。而產品品質控管愈佳或使用電子商務時間愈久皆可提升出口績效。另外，天生全球化企業之出口績效也會較遵循傳統國際化步驟企業之出口績效為佳。希望本研究結果可提供欲於新興市場中成立之新企業提升出口績效的方向，或已立足於新興市場中之成熟企業欲改善出口績效之方法。 / Globalization makes the amount of international trade growing rapidly than before. Firms do more international activities and seek for superior export performance. Researchers of International Business and Economics see this trend as an important topic to discuss. However, among so many literatures of the determinants of export performance, there seems to be little about the export performance in emerging markets. To make the researches of determinants of export performance become more complete, I will take firms in emerging markets as the study subject. I randomly collected data of 319 firms from a B2B e-commerce marketplace. With the aspect of late mover advantage, I take innovation as one of the determinants of export performance. Also, product quality and international diversity are both considered. Firms in emerging markets think e-commerce as an efficiency tool to expand markets and this is the reason I put e-commerce usage time in the structure. Finally, some firms from the sample are so-called “born-globals,” I also study the relationship between born-global and export performance. In this paper, I found product quality and e-commerce usage time positively affect the export performance; while innovation and international diversity do not provide a significant result. Besides, export performance of born-globals in emerging markets is better than other firms, which were not born-global. Hope this paper can make people who are interested in export performance in emerging market understand the situation more.

全球經濟穩定成長帶動企業國際化，並對中國企業對外發展提供強烈支持，而國際企業的型態也隨著貿易障礙下降而不斷演變成各式樣貌，企業逐漸改變傳統早期的漸進式國際化發展階段，而演變為自企業創立之初即具備全球化經營能力的天生全球化企業(Born Globals)，這股新興國際企業型態在開發中國家的形成過程，對國際企業理論與學術研究而言是重要且值得探討的議題。 過去研究對於天生全球化企業的定義目前未有一致之認知，且對其形成因素也有多種不同看法，然而相對於大多數學者專注的已開發國家天生全球化企業發展過程，本研究則是以開發中國家之中小企業作為主要研究對象，並期望透過探討中國中小企業是否存在部分可能變數，來瞭解其企業內外部可能影響企業發展為天生全球化企業之因素。 本文透過文獻探討歸納出研發能力、產品品質、經營能力與電子商務參與程度等四變數為天生全球化企業之可能形成原因，並蒐集128家中小企業作為研究對象，以邏輯迴歸作為研究方法，分析此四變數對於企業在發展成天生全球化企業的過程中是否會產生影響，以釐清天生全球化企業在開發中國家的發展過程。 研究結果顯示，擁有較好研發能力與經營能力的企業較有機會發展成天生全球化企業，且企業愈快加入電子商務市場，愈有助於企業早期國際化發展，本文期望藉由此驗證結果提供開發中國家中小企業在發展天生全球化企業時一些參考與建議。 / International enterprises has evolved to different types as the global environment changed. From 1990s, some enterprises begin their overseas business right at birth or near the founding year, which is quite different to traditional enterprises, and we call these enterprises as Born Globals. Why Born Globals can start their international business at the time they just established still not come to a conclusion today. Therefore this paper is trying to figure out the possible factors which encourage the enterprises, especially the small and medium enterprises in China, to develop the early abroad business. This study generated four possible factors of R&D, managerial competence, product quality and e-commerce adoption to analyze the possibility of Born Globals. And I collected 128 sample firms to exam my hypotheses. The final results showed that there are positive effectiveness between R&D, managerial competence and Born Globals, and the fast speed of e-commerce market adoption also advance firms becoming Born Globals. However, product quality did not show benefit to Born Globals in the results.