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在現今高度競爭的商業環境，員工建言行為的展現對於組織而言日顯重要。過往許多文獻即顯示員工建言行為對於組織有許多益處，包含增進組織決策品質、組織創新與提升團體績效表現。為了全面性瞭解組織中的建言行為，本研究目的為四：（1）了解不同目標導向員工對於建言行為之影響、（2）從主管、同儕與個體本身之角度，了解建言行為對個體之影響、（3）探討建言行為在不同目標導向與結果間所扮演之中介角色，以及（4）探討主管建言行為對員工建言行為之影響。 本研究採對偶的問卷調查，共蒐集157位主管與242位部屬資料，並透過階層迴歸進行資料分析。研究結果顯示：（1）證明目標導向及逃避目標導向皆與挑戰型建言及支持型建言有顯著正向關係、（2）挑戰型建言與支持型建言分別在證明目標導向與組織導向自尊具有部分中介效果、然而兩種建言對於目標導向與主管評價及目標導向與知覺職場排擠皆無中介效果，以及（3）主管建言行為對於目標導向與建言行為間並無調節效果。 根據研究結果，本研究證實目標導向與建言行為之間的關係，以及建言行為對證明目標導向與組織導向自尊的中介效果。最後，研究者進一步提出本研究之理論貢獻、管理實務意涵、研究限制與未來研究方向，以供業界及組織行為領域之學者參考。 / In today’s hypercompetitive business environment, employees’ voice behavior has become even more important to organizations. Many references also showed that employees’ voice behavior can bring benefits to organizations, such as improved organizational decision quality, innovation, and enhancing team performance. To build toward a comprehensive understanding of voice behavior in organizations, the purpose of this research are as follows: (1) to demonstrate how different goal orientations predict employees’ voice behavior, (2) to explore the results of employees’ voice behavior from the perspectives of the supervisor, co-worker, and individual, (3) to demonstrate the mediator role between different goal orientation and outcome variables, and (4) to demonstrate the influence of supervisors’ voice behavior on employees’ voice behavior. With data collected from 157 supervisors and 242 employees to examine the hypothesized relationships, the present study also utilizes the dyad approach. The results showed that (1) both prove goal orientation and avoid goal orientation are positively related to challenge voice and supportive voice, (2) both challenge voice and supportive voice mediated prove goal orientation and organizational based self-esteem respectively, but didn’t play mediators role neither on goal orientation and employee’s performance from supervisor’s view nor on goal orientation and workplace ostracism, and (3) supervisors’ voice behavior has no moderating effect on goal orientation and employee’s voice behavior. In conclusion, the present study showed that goal orientation have the influence on voice behavior, and both challenge voice and supportive voice mediated prove goal orientation and organizational based self-esteem respectively. Finally, theoretical implications, practical implications, limitations and future directions are discussed for managers’ and researchers’ reference.