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學校組織變革中校長領導風格與教師抗拒變革關係之研究—以台北縣市與基隆市國民中小學為例呂志崗, Lu ,Chi-gan Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在瞭解與分析學校組織變革、校長領導風格與教師抗拒變革變項間之實際關係,採用問卷調查方式對學校組織變革、校長領導風格與教師抗拒變革進行瞭解。據此,本研究之研究目的有以下:
一、瞭解國民中小學校長領導風格的現況。
二、瞭解國民中小學教師抗拒變革程度的現況。
三、探討國民中小學校長領導風格與教師抗拒變革間的關係。
四、探討國民中小學校長領導風格對教師抗拒變革的預測關係。
五、根據研究發現與結果,提出建議供相關機構與成員參考。
本研究以自編之「校長領導風格與教師變革認知概念轉化問卷」作為資料蒐集之主要工具,並以台北縣市與基隆市公立國民中學與公立國民小學760為教師為研究樣本,有效回收問卷共計541份。經t考驗、變異數分析、Pearson積差相關及逐步迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料處理後獲致以下研究結論:
一、教師背景變項與教師知覺校長轉型領導風格方面:(一)不同性別、在校職務、學校類別與組織變革關注焦點之教師,知覺整體校長轉型領導風格具有顯著差異;(二)不同年齡、最高學歷、服務年資與學校規模之教師,知覺整體校長轉型領導風格及各層面上無顯著差異。
二、教師背景變項與教師知覺校長互易領導風格方面:(一)不同性別、在校職務、學校類別與組織變革關注焦點之教師,知覺整體校長互易領導風格及各個層面上具有顯著差異;(二)不同年齡、最高學歷、服務年資與學校規模之教師,知覺整體校長互易領導風格無顯著差異。
三、教師背景變項與教師知覺變革認知概念轉化方面:(一)不同在校職務、學校類別與組織變革關注焦點之教師,知覺整體變革認知概念轉化具有顯著差異;(二)不同性別、年齡、最高學歷、服務年資、學校規模之教師,知覺整體變革認知概念轉化無顯著差異。
四、教師知覺校長領導風格、教師組織變革關注焦點與教師知覺變革認知概念轉化的關係方面:(一)教師知覺整體校長轉型領導風格及各層面與整體變革認知概念轉化及各層面間具有顯著正相關;(二)教師知覺整體校長互易領導風格及各層面與整體變革認知概念轉化及各層面間具有顯著正相關;(三)教師整體組織變革關注焦點及各層面與整體變革認知概念轉化及各層面間具有顯著正相關。
五、教師知覺校長領導風格預測教師知覺變革認知概念轉化的關係方面:整體校長轉型領導風格、整體校長互易領導風格與整體教師組織變革關注焦點對教師整體變革認知概念轉化具有顯著預測力。
根據以上研究結論,提出以下研究建議:
一、對教育行政主管機關的建議:(一)應適度擴充師資培育制度中學校行政相關課程之內涵,以增進初任教師對於學校組織運作之瞭解;(二)校長的領導風格並非絕對,應給予校長在工作上更多的尊重與協助;(三)應給予教師在學校組織變革計畫與執行上更多參與的機會;(四)應給予國民中學與教師在學校組織變革的過程中更多的協助。
二、對國民中小學校長的建議:(一)在推動學校組織變革時應增加與教師溝通互動的機會;(二)應妥善運用領導技巧來推動學校組織變革;(三)應重視學校組織運作在各層面上的公平性。
三、對國民中小學教師的建議:(一)應主動參與相關變革計畫的擬定與執行;(二)應利用機會發表自己對於學校組織變革的意見,多與校長接觸並藉此擴大對學校組織變革的認知能力;(三)教師應給予學校行政單位更多的支持與鼓勵。
四、對後續研究的建議:(一)研究對象上,後續研究或可從擴大抽樣範圍著手,以提高研究結果的適用性;(二)研究方法上,後續研究亦可從質化研究的領域著手,對學校組織變革進行實際觀察與瞭解,以歸結教師抗拒變革的成因與內涵,並謀求化解之道。 / The study focuses on the relation among school organizational change, principal's leadership style and teacher's resistance to change. Purposes of this research are as follow:
I. To realize principals' leadership styles in elementary and junior high schools.
II. To realize how teachers resist change in elementary and junior high schools.
III. To study the relation between principal's leadership style and teacher's resistance to change in elementary and junior high schools.
IV. To study how principal leadership styles relate to teacher's resistance to change.
The inventory of "Questionnaire of the Relation between Principal's Leadership Style and Teacher's Resistance to Change" was sent to 760 teachers in elementary and junior high schools in Taipei County, Taipei City and Keelung City and 541 valid questionnaires were returned. Statistical methods such as t-test, one-way ANOVA, product-moment correlation and stepwise regression with forward selection were adapted to data analysis.
Major findings include the following:
I. The relation between teacher's background and one's sense of principal transformational leadership are as follow.
A. There is difference for teachers to sense principal's transformational leadership style in terms of sex, school position, elementary and junior high schools and their sense to organizational change.
B. There is no difference among teachers in terms of age, academic background, work experience and school scale.
II. The relation between teacher's background and one's sense of principal transactional leadership include the following.
A. There is difference for teachers to sense principal's transactional leadership style in terms of sex, school position, elementary and junior high schools, and their sense to organizational change.
B. There is no difference among teachers in terms of age, academic background, work experience and school scale.
III. The relation between teacher's background and one's acceptance of change
are below.
A. There is difference in terms of school position, elementary and junior high schools and one's sense of organizational change.
B. There is no difference in terms of sex, age, academic background, work experience and school scale.
IV. The relation among teacher's sense of principal's leadership style, teacher's
sense of organizational change and one's acceptance of organizational change are
the following.
A. There is difference between teacher's sense and acceptance of principal's transformational leadership style.
B. There is difference between teacher's sense and acceptance of principal's transactional leadership style.
C. There is difference between teacher's sense and acceptance of organizational change.
V. There is difference among teacher's acceptance of principal's transformational leadership style, principal's transactional leadership style and one's sense of organizational change.
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行政院組織變革情境下公務人員離職問題之探討─以公務人員住宅及福利委員會為例 / Organizational Change of Executive Yuan and the Problem of Public Employee Turnover : The Case Study of Civil Service Housing and Welfare Committee李宗憲, Lee, Tzong Shiann Unknown Date (has links)
行政院組織改造是行政院組織的重大變革,目標是打造一個精實、彈性、有效能的政府,有其正面意義。惟變革的過程中,被裁併機關其人員離職率較近5年公務人員平均離職率高出甚多的情形,人力資源是組織重要資產,人員不願意配合業務移撥到新機關而選擇離職(包含調職、辭職或退休),不僅影響業務銜接,更增加離職成本,影響組織運作,值得重視。
本研究以被裁併機關公務人員住宅及福利委員會(以下簡稱住福會)為案例,深入探討其人員離職之問題,找出影響人員離職的因素,並對於如何降低離職率,提出具體建議。
本研究係採深度訪談方式,於立法院三讀完成行政院組織改造法案起,至住福會裁併後1年內離職人員;及接受移撥1年後仍繼續任職之人員,同意受訪者為訪談對象,分析影響其離職的因素,並與接受移撥的原因對照參考。
依訪談內容分析發現,影響離職的因素與文獻理論中的工作壓力因素及抗拒變革因素對照檢視結果相符,並發現影響離職的重要因素為:不認同組織變革產生抗拒、不確定性帶來壓力及抗拒、擔心工作內容危及公務生涯、未尊重意願造成不滿,而接受移撥為被迫不得已的選擇。可藉由徵詢意見尊重意願、公開說明加強宣導、公平對待主動關懷及提前實施專長轉換訓練等方式,降低離職率。
未來可就行政院組織改造各個機關不同的變革強度及內涵下,人員的滿意度、心理調適過程、適應情形及後續生涯發展等進行比較研究,以提供政府進行組織變革時,對公務員所造成影響的參考。
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