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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

詩中音樂: 艾略特《四首四重奏》中的音樂形式 / The Music of Poetry: Musical Forms in T. S. Eliot's Four Quartets.

蔡文傑, Wen-chieh Tsai Unknown Date (has links)
國立政治大學英國語文學系碩士班 碩士論文摘要 論文名稱: 詩中音樂: 艾略特《四首四重奏》中的音樂形式 指導教授: 楊麗敏 研究生:蔡文傑 論文提要內容: 許多批評家曾試著從各種角度解釋《四首四重奏》這個標題。 因為正如艾略特所宣示的,《四重奏》這個字(詞)是了解這部作品的正確途徑。 本文則試著從音樂的角度切入這部作品。 因為貝多芬的音樂在艾略特一生佔有舉足輕重的影響。艾略特也曾在多處提及深受貝多芬的A小調弦樂四重奏感動。另一方面,詩與音樂更是艾略特長久一來的關注重點。他相信,詩與音樂能達到某種程度的交流與可能性。正如他在《詩的音樂》一文中所宣示的。他認為詩與音樂的可能性主要包括在三方面。分別為韻律與結構,主題的重複,以及主題材料的對位式安排。因此,本文主要從音樂性的結構(音樂曲式),主題的發展、佈局來分析這部作品。 在結構方面正如艾略特所透露的,《四首四重奏》與貝多芬的弦樂四重奏在架構上有相似之處。在本文的分析裡,發現每一首四重奏的五個樂章分別是奏鳴曲式、二部曲式、三部曲式、進行曲式和迴旋曲式。主題方面,每首《四重奏》如貝多芬的弦樂四重奏一樣主要處理了對立主題的不斷發展、變化到解決。另外,如貝多芬的晚期四重奏裡的複音特性,《四首四重奏》裡也展現了多主題的同時進行。本文將分為四個章節討論,針對這三個層面分析。由主題的發展著手,找出主題之間的互動以及音樂性的架構。 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………………iii Chinese Abstract……………………………………………………………………v English Abstract……………………………………………………………………vi Introduction…………………………………………………………………………1 Chapter 1. "Burnt Norton"- The Still Point and the Turning World………………...19 2. "East Coker"- The Beginning and the End……………………………...34 3. "The Dry Salvages"- Time and the Timeless……………………………52 4. "Little Gidding"-Now and England…………….……………………….70 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………87 Selected Bibliography……………………………………….……………………..93 Chinese Reference…………………………………………..……………………100 / English Abstract Critics try to decipher the title Four Quartets from different criteria because the word 'quartet' is the right tack for understanding the work. This thesis tries to examine Four Quartets from a musical criterion since Beethoven's music plays an important role in T. S. Eliot's life. Besides, T. S. Eliot mentions that he is deeply touched by Beethoven's string quartet in A minor. Most important of all, music remains T. S. Eliot's main concern throughout his life. He believes that to some extent there are possibilities of transformation between music and poetry as he declares in his "The Music of Poetry." He thinks that the possibilities exist in three ways. They are the sense of rhythm and structure, the recurrent use of themes and the contrapuntal arrangement of subject matter. Therefore, this thesis applies musical structures to analyze the development of themes in Four Quartets. Structurally, Four Quartets and Beethoven's string quartet have similar structures or forms. In this thesis, it is found that the five movements of each quartet are in sonata form, (rounded) binary form, ternary form, march, and rondo form. Thematically, like Beethoven's string quartet, each quartet of Four Quartets mainly deals with the constant development, variation and reconciliation of contrasting themes. Besides, the characteristics of polyphony in Beethoven's late string quartets may be found in the juxtaposition of multiple themes in Four Quartets. This thesis is divided into four chapters. In each chapter, each quartet is analyzed from these three aspects. The thesis focuses on the development of themes in order to find out the interaction of themes and the musical structures in Four Quartets.
2

基植於非負矩陣分解之華語流行音樂曲式分析 / Chinese popular music structure analysis based on non-negative matrix factorization

黃柏堯, Huang, Po Yao Unknown Date (has links)
近幾年來,華語流行音樂的發展越來越多元,而大眾所接收到的資訊是流行音樂當中的組成元素”曲與詞”,兩者分別具有賦予人類感知的功能,使人能夠深刻體會音樂作品當中所表答的內容與意境。然而,作曲與作詞都是屬於專業的創作藝術,作詞者通常在填詞時,會先對樂曲當中的結構進行粗略的分析,找出整首曲子的曲式,而針對可以填詞的部份,再進行更細部的分析將詞填入最適當的位置。流行音樂當中,曲與詞存在著密不可分的關係,瞭解歌曲結構不僅能降低填詞的門檻,亦能夠明白曲子的骨架與脈絡;在音樂教育與音樂檢索方面亦有幫助。 本研究的目標為,使用者輸入流行音樂歌曲,系統會自動分析出曲子的『曲式結構』。方法主要分成三個部分,分別為主旋律擷取、歌句分段與音樂曲式結構擷取。首先,我們利用Support Vector Machine以學習之方式建立模型後,擷取出符號音樂中之主旋律。第二步驟我們以”歌句”為單位,對主旋律進行分段,對於分段之結果建構出Self-Similarity Matrix矩陣。最後再利用Non-Negative Matrix Factorization針對不同特徵值矩陣進行分解並建立第二層之Self-Similarity Matrix矩陣,以歧異度之方式找出曲式邊界。 我們針對分段方式對歌曲結構之影響進行分析與觀察。實驗數據顯示,事先將歌曲以歌句單位分段之效果較未分段佳,而歌句分段之評測結果F-Score為0.82;將音樂中以不同特徵值建構之自相似度矩進行Non-Negative Matrix Factorization後,另一空間中之基底特徵更能有效地分辨出不同的歌曲結構,其F-Score為0.71。 / Music structure analysis is helpful for music information retrieval, music education and alignment between lyrics and music. This thesis investigates the techniques of music structure analysis for Chinese popular music. Our work is to analyze music form automatically by three steps, main melody finding, sentence discovery, and music form discovery. First, we extract main melody based on learning from user-labeled sample using support vector machine. Then, the boundary of music sentence is detected by two-way classification using support vector machine. To discover the music form, the sentence-based Self-Similarity Matrix is constructed for each music feature. Non-negative Matrix Factorization is employed to extract the new features and to construct the second level Self-Similarity Matrix. The checkerboard kernel correlation is utilized to find music form boundaries on the second level Self-Similarity Matrix. Experiments on eighty Chinese popular music are performed for performance evaluation of the proposed approaches. For the main melody finding, our proposed learning-based approach is better than existing methods. The proposed approaches achieve 82% F-score for sentence discovery while 71% F-score for music form discovery.
3

俄羅斯東正教聖樂之調式分析與表現規範-以「符號歌唱音樂」與「多聲部合唱音樂」為例 / Analysis of tonal structure, musical form and manners of performance in Russian Orthodox sacred music – with examples of znamenny and partesny singing

蔣易耘, Chiang, Yih Yun Unknown Date (has links)
音樂,不僅是一種藝術,更是各種情感,甚至是思想的反映與表現。它存在於整個大自然中,超越人類甚至是先於人類;但人類發現了它,豐富了它,讓它滋潤了我們的生命,可以透過它來表達,也能被它所感動。而宗教音樂,更可視為人類音樂中的最菁華,它能撫慰、感動與昇華我們的心靈,還提供了沉靜思緒,讚頌上主以及與上主溝通的功能,尤其是內涵豐富深廣的基督宗教音樂,它的誕生,就等於西方音樂的誕生;它的歷史,幾乎就等於整部西方音樂史。   本論文共分為六章:第一章為緒論,說明研究動機、研究目的、研究途徑、方法及限制、文獻評論,以及研究架構。第二章介紹基督宗教音樂中,從古猶太音樂、古希臘音樂到羅馬天主教聖樂的發展。內容首先釐清聖樂(sacred music/духновная музыка)的觀念,對相關名詞做清楚的闡釋與分類,然後介紹古猶太音樂中對基督宗教聖樂影響較深的部分、對後世音樂理論影響至深且廣的希臘音樂調式、天主教最重要的葛利果聖歌,以及重要記譜法的演進過程等。第三章集中討論東正教聖樂的歷史,從拜占庭到羅斯 ,包含了拜占庭聖樂中最重要的「拜占庭八調式」(осмогласие или октоих)之理論內容以及實際應用、羅斯的「符號歌唱音樂」(знаменное пение)與「多聲部合唱音樂」(партесное пение)兩大重要聖樂形式的起源發展與結構性質,同時,也會提及「符號歌唱音樂」中的「神聖詩文」(духовные стихи),以及羅斯最早的複音音樂「領唱歌唱音樂」(демественное пение)。第四章從「聲學」以及「曲式學」的角度研究俄羅斯東正教聖樂的內部結構;將畢達格拉斯的「純律」、教會調式、希臘調式、拜占庭的音程單位「莫里亞」、計算音程的單位「音分」等交相使用,分析與證明俄羅斯東正教聖樂的調式,並以曲式學分析其曲式。同時本論文將使用柯爾蒂希《俄國音樂史》(Келдыш, Ю.К., «История русской музыки»)中提供之譜例做為具體分析研究之對象。第五章剖析俄羅斯東正教聖樂形於外部的表現規範,包含作曲者的身分、演唱者的性別是否有限制、純人聲無伴奏演唱法(a cappella)的發展及使用、歌唱與教堂建築間的關係、合唱團在教堂中的位置等層面。第六章為全文之結論部分,除對各章節的研究作一個總結,亦包含本論文所預期之學術貢獻。

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