人力資源是各行政機關、學校的基本要素，也是國家最重要的資產，機關管理的核心。而公務體制中最基層的編制內工友人力管理卻仍未有完整建制，僅依據事務管理規則、勞動基準法及相關行政規定辦理，因此，本研究希望達成的研究目的：1.瞭解事務勞力替代方案、勞動基準法實施前後，工友管理制度的變遷、現況及缺失。2.探討未來工友管理體制因應之道及如何提昇管理工友之行政效能。 本研究透過文獻回顧及管理實務上的問題，以交通部（含所屬各行政機關）的個案分析，對管理者及工友代表進行深度訪談，瞭解工友管理所面臨相關問題與改進建議之看法。 主要之問題為1.工友餉級與薪點問題。2.管理指揮系統紊亂，缺乏有效監督的問題。3.工友名稱問題。4.各類機關工友設置標準仍應全面檢討員額精簡問題。5.工作分配仍有不均，人力仍未充份有效運用等問題。6.工友優惠資遣退休政策推展成效問題。7.勞工退休金制度選擇新制或舊制應注意事項。8.工友建制存廢問題。 我國行政機關工友管理制度之探討經本研究發現，在執行上如從1.技工工友薪資結構改革方案。2.工友管理事項予以統一規範。3.工友名稱4.加強實施員額管制及委託外包。5.改進工作分配。6.鼓勵工友自願退離方案。7.選擇勞工退休金新制舊制注意事項。8.工友建制存廢進行研議。實務面向改善，並針對所發現問題提出研究建議，期使工友管理制度更臻完善。 / Human resources are the fundamental elements of every administrative organization and educational institution, as well as the most essential asset of a country, and the core of organizational management. Under the fundamental organization of public affairs system, the management of maintenance worker is still incomplete, handled only by relevant administrative regulations such as Management Affairs Regulations and Labor Standard Law. Hence, the research expects to achieve the following objectives: 1. Understand Replacement Policy of Affairs Labor, and the transition, current status, and deficiency of maintenance worker management system before and after the execution of Labor Standard Law. 2. To discuss future maintenance worker management system, and ways to enhance the administrative efficiency of maintenance worker management. The research will analyze the case study from the Ministry of Transportation and Communications (including affiliated administrative organizations) through documents and practical management problems. The research will proceeds in-depth interview with the management and maintenance worker representative in order to understand relevant problems encountered in maintenance worker management, and to provide suggestions for improvement. The main problems include: 1. the salary of maintenance worker. 2. Management command chain chaos, lack of efficient supervision. 3. The name of maintenance worker. 4. Overall streamline quota review, and the employing standard of maintenance worker from various organizations. 5. Disproportionate division of labor, inefficient deploy of manpower. 6. The effectiveness of promoting preferential retirement policy of maintenance workers. 7. Notes to consider when selecting new or old Labor Pension Act. 8. The abolishment of maintenance worker system. The research finds that the maintenance worker management system of administrative organizations can be perfected after the improvement from the practical domain, as well as from the suggestions provided for the following problems: 1. Salary structure reform of technician and maintenance worker. 2. Standardized maintenance worker management regulations. 3. The name of maintenance worker. 4. Strengthen quota control and OEM. 5. Improve the division of labor. 6. Encourage maintenance worker to retire voluntarily. 7. Notes to consider when selecting new or old Labor Pension Act. 8. The abolishment of maintenance worker system.

本研究的目的是探討青少年涉足電動遊樂場打電動玩具的原因及了解青少年打電動玩具所獲得的心理體驗，並希望從這些結果中找出可以替代打電動玩具的其他休閒活動。本研究以３０名台北市國民中學二年級男性學生為研究對象，利用半結構式問卷進行面對面的訪談，然後把受試者的訪談資料根據質的分析的方法分析結果。結果發現青少年涉足電動遊樂場打電動玩具的主要原因是受到人格因素、情境因素及打電玩的心理體驗三方面的影響，而最可能的替代性方案是利用視訊為媒介進行電腦教學，並依據結論提出對結果的討論及對學校、家長的建議。