水源，是水田利用最重要的因素，直接影響了水田所展現的多功能性。多功能性之概念，係表彰農業生產已由經濟功能轉變為兼具其他服務功能，強調農業生產不僅創造商品的價值，亦提供其他產出的非商品價值。並可歸納出具有生產經濟、生態環境與社會文化功能。而倡導多功能性之最終目的，在於農業永續發展。 本研究個案位於彰化縣溪州鄉。此鄉因有莿仔埤圳引入濁水溪灌溉，生產著名的濁水米，且莿仔埤圳亦為溪州鄉農業之命脈。近二十年來，溪州鄉歷經「集集共同引水」工程、中科四期搶水事件、護水行動與水田濕地計畫等，更加強調農業用水的重要性，以及守護土地的決心。而在護水行動落幕後，溪州鄉的水稻栽培方式，轉變成以無毒農法施作的水田濕地。本研究以文獻評析與深度訪談的方式，探討溪州鄉之水田利用歷程，並以護水行動為界，將溪州鄉水田利用方式劃分為慣行與無毒水田利用。並分別比較兩種水田利用方式，所展現出多功能性之差異。研究結果顯示，無毒水田之利用，特別是在生態環境的層面，較能夠為溪州鄉延續土地、動植物與人體健康，進而創造永續價值。 進而，本研究再以Jordan & Warner（2010）所提出的多功能性發展模式，探討模式中產業發展、農業生態夥伴關係與超級系統中，溪州鄉無毒水田利用所面臨之發展困境與課題。研究結果顯示，溪州鄉的無毒水田利用，已具備產業發展層次，並約略形成農業生態夥伴關係，惟超級系統層次尚未成形。此表示溪州鄉無毒水田利用的多功能性推廣，仍有其完備與不足之處。本研究認為，認為若能解決在內部管理、無毒水田的集中化管理，以及政府機關的資源整合、產業輔導、有機資材取得問題，並將有助於凝聚溪州全鄉之永續發展意識，使更多農民投入無毒水田栽培，或能成為傳統慣行農鄉轉變為無毒農鄉之典範。 / Water is the most important factor of paddy field utilization, and affect its multifunctionality directly. The concept of multifunctionality recognizes that the economic function of agricultural production has been transformed into other services, not only creating commodities, but also providing the value of non-commodity outputs. In fact, the goal of multifunctionality is to develop sustainable agriculture. This case study is located in Xizhou Township, Changhua County. Because Chi Tsai Pi furrow irrigation noses Chuo Shui River into Xizhou, this township can produce famous Chuo Shui rice. And for sure, Chi Tsai Pi furrow irrigation is the heart of agriculture in this township. In the past two decades, the township had gone through Chi Chi Conjunctive Diversion Project, grabbing water events of Central Taiwan Science Park’s (CTSP) fourth-phase, defending water action and paddy wetlands plan, people in this township has a great emphasis on the use of water in agriculture, as well as the protection of the land. After the defending water action, the rice cultivation methods in Xizhou has changed into chemical-free farming facilities for paddy wetlands. This research adopts literature and in-depth interviews two ways to explore the use of paddy fields in Xizhou, and compares the use of two separate methods of paddy fields, conventional farming and chemical-free farming, finds out the differences of multifunctionality between these two methods. And the results shows that the chemical-free farming paddy creates the sustainable value. Furthermore, this research explores plights and problems of the chemical-free paddy fields in Xizhou with the multifunctionality development presented by Jordan & Warner (2010),which includes three levels, enterprise development, agroeological partnership and supersystem. The results show that paddy field utilization of Xizhou has formed enterprise development and agroeological partnership, however, supersystem not yet. This represents there are some problems in Xizhou still. This study suggests that if these problems like nternal management, chemical-free paddy centralized management, industry guidance of government agencies, organic materials issues, are solved , will help unite awareness of Xizhou, and made more farmers into chemical-free paddy cultivation.