依現行所得稅法規定，只要受控外國公司盈餘未匯回，即可享有「租稅遞延」的效果，由於近十年臺灣利用受控外國公司，對大陸間接投資金額占全部對外投資總額比重超過五成以上，又因上市公司投資金額較大且具有代表性，因此本論文以國內上市公司利用受控外國公司，間接投資大陸子公司為研究對象，探討國內上市公司是否有透過「受控外國公司」不分配盈餘，藉由稅法「漏洞」以產生遞延課稅之效果，及我國若是建立受控外國公司課稅制度，對我國上市公司投資大陸子公司其損益稅負之影響。 　　本文研究結果，發現國內上市公司利用受控外國公司投資大陸子公司，普遍存在有盈餘卻不分配且不匯回之現象，我國有建立受控外國公司課稅制度之正當性及必要性；且我國如建立受控外國公司課稅制度，以產業別而言電子產業受影響最大，以研發強度而言，研發強度在5%~7%及9%以上之企業有較大之影響。又雖然實施受控外國公司課稅制度後，對於中等規模(資本額50億至100億)之有效稅率增加幅度最大，但受影響而應繳納稅負之金額仍以大型規模之企業為最高。 　　因此我國建立受控外國公司課稅制度，能拉近不同特性企業間適用有效稅率的差距，對舉債投資得扣除利息費用，境外投資收益卻能遞延課稅，以及在台灣享有研發投資抵減利益，卻有高額境外所得保留在海外未匯回台灣課稅之公司，有一定衡平作用，則我國建立受控外國公司課稅制度，實已非僅財政收入之考量而已，相對而言，改善租稅公平才是具有更大的意涵，因此有其正當性及必要性。文末提出幾點建議，期能作為政府研擬受控外國公司課稅制度之參考。 關鍵詞：受控外國公司、租稅庇護所、多國籍企業 / According to the current provisions of the Income Tax Act, Taiwanese companies will benefit from the "tax deferral" by not unremitting overseas earnings of their controlled foreign corporations (CFCs). Since the last decade in Taiwan, many companies have been increasing investments in Mainland China via their controlled foreign corporations, the investment in Mainland China have accounted for over half the Taiwanese total foreign investments. Therefore, this study focuses on the Taiwanese listed companies which invest indirectly in Mainland China. Furthermore, the controlled foreign corporations have become a tax loophole; this study examines whether those listed companies leverage the tax loophole to gain the tax benefit through the "tax deferral of Chinese subsidiary earnings." Besides, this study estimates the potential impacts on the profit and tax costs of the mainland subsidiaries of Taiwanese listed companies, if the controlled foreign corporation (CFC) tax system will be established in the future. 　　The results of this study show that the majority of Taiwanese listed companies do not fully distribute and remit the Chinese subsidiary earnings back to Taiwan. Hence, it is necessary for Taiwan to establish the controlled foreign company tax system to close the tax loophole. As to the impacts on industries, the electronics industries will be most affected by the CFC tax system, if established. In addition, companies whose R&D intensity range from 5% to 7% and over 9% will also be significantly influenced. Although the effective tax rates of medium-sized companies will have the highest increase in effective tax rates, but large companies will have the highest increase in the amount of CFC tax. 　　Therefore, the establishment of CFC tax system will contribute to narrowing down the gaps in effective tax rates between different firm characteristics of companies. Moreover, the new tax system can help prevent companies from shirking their fair shares of tax payments. The establishment of CFC tax system is not just for fiscal revenues, but also for the improvement of tax fairness—the latter being more important. Finally, this study concludes with suggestions that may be the useful references for the government to design CFC tax system in the future. Key words：Controlled Foreign Corporation, Tax Haven, Multinational Enterprise