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近年の運輸技術や情報技術の発達により，第二言語での会話の機会が急激に増加している．会話者の言語運用能力に差がある第二言語会話では，円滑なコミュニケーションを行うことは困難であることが示唆されている．本論文は，第二言語による三人会話において非言語情報が円滑な会話成立に与える影響について，発話者の視線動作が母語会話と比べて円滑な話者交替に有意に強く影響を与えることを明らかにした．聞き手の視線動作については，次発話者となる聞き手の長い発話者への注視が，もう一方の聞き手の発話者への注視を促す共同注視が起きている可能性が高く，発話者の注視の影響が強い第二言語会話では，その傾向がより顕著にみられることが明らかになった．以上のことから，第二言語会話において，非言語情報である視線動作は，円滑な話者交替に強く寄与する可能性が高いことがわかった． / 博士(工学) / Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

<div>Typing in Japanese is a difficult process for novice and intermediate learners of Japanese due</div><div>to the writing system of the Japanese language and its comparatively involved input method on a</div><div>keyboard. Considering that spell checkers, which enable the user to check and correct their own</div><div>errors and select the correct kanji word, are designed for native speakers, the learners of Japanese</div><div>as a foreign language (JFL) may not recognize their spelling errors and are thus unable to selfcorrect using this built-in tool.</div><div>The present study addresses this problem and conducts an experiment to evaluate the</div><div>effectiveness of a visual feedback tool by its error recognition rate on the learners spelling errors</div><div>when typing in Japanese. The participants were 46 beginner level JFL learners in a third semester</div><div>Japanese course, and the majority consist of native speakers of Chinese or English. The</div><div>participants participated in two experimental sessions. In both sessions, participants were audio</div><div>recorded while reading aloud a list of words in Japanese for pronunciation analysis and screen</div><div>recorded while typing the same list of Japanese words. These recordings are used to analyze the</div><div>characteristics of error patterns in both pronunciation and typing. During the typing sessions, visual</div><div>feedback is provided to the participants via a customized dictionary tool when participants make</div><div>a spelling error.</div><div>The results show that regardless of the native language, the learners have difficulty on certain</div><div>words that include long vowels or double consonants. The recorded error patterns align with the</div><div>findings of previous studies (Hatasa, 2001; Nakazawa, 2003; Tsuchiya, 2000), and the visual</div><div>feedback showed an average error recognition rate of 76% of the participants’ spelling errors. The</div><div>participants also assessed the dictionary tool in terms of usability, and their responses indicate that</div><div>such tools are very useful during typing. The researcher concludes that using a visual feedback</div><div>dictionary tool is effective in recognizing the spelling errors of the learners when typing, and it</div><div>increases the learner’s awareness of spelling accuracy.</div>

科学研究費補助金 研究種目:基盤研究(B)(2) 課題番号:07458049 研究代表者:尾崎 明人 研究期間:1995-1997年度