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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

組織記憶與學習機制關係之研究

吳美勳 Unknown Date (has links)
由於環境變化的迅速,使得許多企業因無法適應環境而被淘汰、但到底何種企業才能跟隨環境的變化呢?Peter. M. Senge 在第五項修練中提出,如果有一組織具備:自我超越、改善心智模式、共同願景、系統思考與團隊合作五像修練的話,此種組織就稱為學習型組織,最重要的功能是在於提昇每個人在組織中的價值,進而與組織一起成長,連帶的組織亦能透過此更快速的根據環境做出因應,看出問題的真相。但到目前為止對於組織在整個一般的例行運作下,到底有哪些機制是可以促進組織學習、組織學習在企業中到底是如何的一個運作流程等…議題較沒有一個完整的探討,所以本研究是要提出一有關於組織學習機制運作的模型,使得整個循環的架構更為清楚。   本研究由發展較完全的人類心理學來切入,由記憶的角度來看整個學習的過程,再將其類比於組織的學習中,提出一運作邏輯,試圖找出可以幫助組織學習的一些機制,得出十個命題。組織記憶約可粗分為兩類,一事組織記憶得內容,包含了短期記憶與長期記憶,前者是整個思考、決策的動態過程後者則是所有資料的存放中心;另一則是整個記憶運作的過程,包含了對記憶的提取、儲存與修正的動作,學習就存在於記憶內容的增加以及過程的順暢,最後發現結論如下:團隊學習促成整個組織知識管理系統的正循環、教育訓練與讀書會幫助了像做事技巧的內隱知識之傳遞等等的十個命題,並由此給予企業界建議:以法治代替人治,推行團隊運作兩項活動是可以促進組織學習的兩個切入點。 1. 第一章在說明研究的動機與背景,並提出本論文所預期達到的目的與 整個研究的流程。 2. 第二章是相關的文獻探討 3. 第三章是關於本研究的整個研究設計,包括了研究架構的提出與研究方法的選擇。 4. 第四章是個案資料的背景描述與並加以分析,並根據分析結果提出命題。 第五章結論與建議則摘要了個案的發現並總結對後續研究建議與本研究的貢獻與限制所在。
2

組織記憶之存取需求與有效性之研究-以幼稚園為例 / Organizational Memory: Retrieval Demands and Effectiveness

何盈瑩, Ho, Yin Yin Unknown Date (has links)
學校應該學習與組織記憶、組織學習以及體制論相關之知識。其中,組織記憶有助於問題解決與決策制訂(Hanson, 2001),且能協助學校維持不易被模仿、獨特的競爭優勢,並能有效提高組織績效表現及降低成本(Wexler, 2002)。許多組織記憶相關的研究結論顯示,組織成員流動會嚴重影響組織記憶成長(Carley, 1992)。因此,如何有效獲取、保留、維護及存取(retrieve)組織成員的知識,以避免重要的組織記憶消失(Walsh 和 Ungson, 1991;),儼然成為當前組織最需要關切的課題之一(Lahaie, 2005)。本研究整理、分析組織記憶相關文獻,發現藉由中介變項:書面化程度、可接近性、資深知識者角色行為、協同教學行為與知識分享行為以管理組織記憶,可滿足教師的組織記憶存取需求(retrieval demands),維持組織記憶的有效性。 本研究透過問卷調查法,以幼稚園組織中在園年資一年以下與三年以上的教師為研究對象,徵詢教師對組織記憶的存取需求、組織記憶有效性及教師績效知覺三構面的實際感受。總共發出問卷470份,問卷回收率為44.7%,在剔除不適合的問卷後,得到私幼有效樣本161份、公幼有效樣本19份。由於公幼樣本過少,故公幼教師的意見以描述統計方式呈現;私幼樣本則進行組間差異分析、相關分析及迴歸分析,並進行研究假設檢定。   研究結果顯示,本研究七項假設皆獲得支持,即幼稚園教師確實具有組織記憶存取需求,且教師在遭遇工作上的困難時,也經常採取實際詢問行為以解決其組織記憶存取需求,且93%的受訪教師認為其獲得的組織記憶具有效性。其次,教師的在園年資與幼教年資愈短,對組織記憶存取需求則愈高。 在中介變項的分析上,受訪教師除了對協同教學行為此變項持有不同認知外,均認為書面化程度、可接近性、資深知識者角色行為與知識分享行為皆有助於組織記憶建構。迴歸分析結果也顯示,無論教師年資之長短,以園長或資深教師擔任諮詢輔導角色,最能維繫組織記憶有效性,也能提升教師績效知覺;其次,增加知識分享行為亦可達到類似結果。故幼稚園組織在處理組織記憶問題時,應讓園長或資深教師擔任資深知識者的角色,並建立教師之間知識分享的機制,讓教師能有效獲取、保留、維護及存取組織記憶,進而促進組織學習、建立競爭優勢並提高教師績效表現。 / Hanson(2001) declared that schools should get insights from the literature regarding organizational memory, organizational learning and institutional theory. Organizational memory can support organizational members to acquire knowledge in problem-solving and decision-making activities (Walsh and Ungson, 1991). Moreover, organizational memory could be viewed as an intangible asset if successfully managed, and it might confer competitive advantages and lower transaction cost (Wexler, 2002). Day (1994) claimed that organizational memory is as a repository for collective memory which lain in policies, procedures, routines, and rules that can be retrieved when organization members needed. Stein and Zwass (1995) defined that organizational memory as “the means by which knowledge from the past is brought to bear present activities, thus resulting in higher or lower levels of organizational effectiveness.” Levitt and March(1996) also mentioned that “the lesson of history are likely to be lost through turnover of personnel (Hanson, 2001).” These statements implied that personnel turnover is the main threat of organizational memory (Stein and Zwass, 1995). This study wants to explore the relationship between teachers’ turnover, retrieval demands and effectiveness of organizational memory and the performance of kindergartens. Moreover, researcher wants to investigate the elements that have the most influence upon organizational memory effectiveness. Drawn from organization memory literature, we found that knowledge externalization, accessibility of organizational memory, senior teachers and principal’s behavior, team-teaching behavior, and knowledge-sharing behavior are determinants of organizational memory effectiveness. / The major finding was that teachers definitely have retrieval demands toward organizational memory, especially new-employed teachers. New teachers need senior teachers and principal’s guidance to help them solve problems and make decisions. The more assistances senior teachers and principal can offer, new teachers are more satisfied with organizational memory. That means new teachers can retrieve organizational memory successfully; moreover, they will be more contented with organizational memory effectiveness and show higher personal performance. As for intervening variables, researcher have detected that senior teachers and principal’s behavior and knowledge-sharing behavior show the primary influence upon organizational memory effectiveness. Consequently, management teams of kindergartens should attempt to create opportunities for teachers to share their knowledge. After knowledge-sharing procedure, teachers’ retrieval demands of organizational memory will be fulfilled, effectiveness of organizational memory will be maintained, and personal performance will be lifted as well.

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