近年來，國內有些縣市已由地方政府成立縣史館來典藏地方文史資料，如能將與公共檔案館性質相近的縣史館所擁有之文史資源蒐集的範圍擴充為公共檔案館的功能，並在地方上建立公共檔案館，讓公共檔案館不僅徵集地方政府單位的檔案，也為地方上典藏珍貴史料，並能促進檔案業務由上至下的完整制度，也可幫助檔案資源的有效管理與利用，更能提升社會大眾的檔案使用率。 本研究希望藉由台灣地區縣史館保存歷史檔案資料之情形，加以分析歸納，進而探討台灣地區縣史館對於公共檔案館設立的幫助，期盼各界對於公共檔案館之價值能有更多的認識與討論，讓這些寶貴的檔案資產可以得到應有的保存及重視；並透過深度訪談縣史館相關人員了解業務概況，以及訪談機關檔案人員和專家學者對於此議題的看法蒐集相關資料。 研究結果顯示，如台灣地區縣史館轉型為公共檔案館，將能幫助國家以及地方檔案區分典藏，有利於檔案的管理制度；公共檔案館也能發揮縣史館的功能，幫助保存地方歷史，典藏地方上的私人檔案，利用檔案編寫地方志，以及能利用檔案管理人員的專業背景，讓檔案檢選流程更順暢以及處理檔案的相關作業，更能仿效國外的檔案利用教育課程，讓檔案真正融入學生的課程中。 由研究結果歸納建議，檔案主管機關需明確訂定地方檔案規範；加強各縣市建立公共檔案館的意識；在地方上建置公共檔案館，除了地方縣市政府編列預算外，也能尋求企業團體之補助或與相關單位合作；未來建置公共檔案館，應徵集地方文獻與私人檔案，以保留完整的地方史料；最後，公共檔案館應屬於地方縣政府之下的組織單位，由縣市政府統籌。 / In recent years, there are many institutes of county history to collecting local history materials in Taiwan, if the institutes of county history can transform into public archives which not only can help the government archives acquisition but also can conserve the valuable history materials. Besides, building the public archives in Taiwan can help archives to organize well, and can increase the rate of people using and understanding of archival materials. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current situation of the institutes of county history in Taiwan, in order to explore whether the institutes of county history can contribute to build the public archives in Taiwan, and hope that more and more people can understand the value of the public archives. The study undertakes the analysis of the data with the interviewing method. By means of interviewing people who work in archival agency, institutes of county history and scholars, so as to better explore the thoughts and ideas of the aforementioned people. The research results indicate that building the public archives can help national archives and local archives preserve in different repositories which will benefit the archival management. Public archives can have the same job function with the institutes of the county history, and preserve private papers, and archivists can use archives to write the local history. Archivists can use their professional background to make the archival inspection and selection process more smoothly. Archivists can design archival education courses to increase students’ awareness of archival and improve their using and understanding of archival materials. Hence, the study offers suggestions for the future development of public archives in Taiwan as follows: First, National Archives Administration should publicize related policies for local archives in the future. Second, strengthen the city and county building awareness of public archives. Third, Building public archives, in addition to enlisting the budget from city and county government and it can seek assistance or cooperation with the business community or relevant units. Fourth, public archives should preserve not only local but also private archives to retain the full local history in the future. Last, public archives should belong to the local government.