本文研究行政院下全國性公民投票審議委員會（下簡稱「審議委員會」）之運作；審議委員會依據公民投票法（下簡稱「公投法」）創設至本文2012年4月完稿截止，共經歷兩屆任期，已召開16次正式會議，並對12次人民提出之全國性公民投票案做成認定是否合於法律規定之決議；審議委員會係我國公投立法者特殊之創見，也是公投法立法過程中政黨協商之產物，因此，自第一屆審議委員會組成以來，其運作便無法擺脫政治爭議問題，即便第二屆審議委員會已依據大法官釋字645號解釋確立其合乎我國憲法之行政地位，有關審議委員會存廢之爭論仍沒有間斷過。 為探求審議委員會存廢爭議之答案，本文從靜態的制度面向及動態的實務面向加以研究，審議委員會運作之「價值」；本文以我國憲政權力分立制度為論述之基準，先從我國有關公民投票及行政程序之法律、制度變遷角度，探討審議委員會、乃至於包括審議委員會、中央選舉委員會及行政院訴願審議委員會在內之「行政上全國性公民投票審議機制」，其創設之合憲性，但主要上，本文還欲藉由審議委員會開會之實務案例研究，即歸納審議委員會16次正式會議過程之爭點，深入審議委員會的運作核心－如何審議人民提出之全國性公民投票提案。 本文認為，審議委員會不應貿然以公投法修法廢除之，只要審議委員會在審議過程中展現其「獨立性」，則現階段我國公民票制度之落實，仍有審議委員會發揮「協助人民有意義的行使創制、複決權」及「過濾人民提出之全國性公民投票提案」功能的必要，且可供公投法修正方向之鑑借；本文僅屬「初探」之研究，隨著審議委員會及有關其運作之司法實務經驗增加，相信審議委員會存廢之爭論亦會趨明朗。 關鍵詞：行政院公民投票審議委員會、大法官釋字645號解釋、中央選舉委員會、行政院訴願審議委員會、行政獨立性 / This paper is about a research of the operation of Referendum Review Commission of Executive Yuan (hereinafter referred to as “the Referendum Commission"). Until April 2012 the Referendum Commission has held 16 formal meetings and has reviewed 12 proposals for national referendum to determine whether those proposals meet the relevant provisions in the Referendum Act. Due to the fact that the establishment of the Referendum Commission is the result of negotiations between political parties, the operation of the Referendum Commission constantly causes controversy and the argument that the Referendum Commission should be abolished never ends even though the Judical Yuan Interpretation No. 645 has confirmed that the establishment of the Referendum Commission does not contradict the Constitutional of the Rupublic of China This paper discusses the basis of separation of powers in our constitutional system, starting with reviwing relevant laws and systems in respect of referedum and administrative procedures. Furthermore, the constitutionality of the establishment of relevant referendum review mechanism is examined, including the Referendum Commission, Central Election Commission and the Petitions and Appeals Committee of the Executive Yuan. This article also summarizes the issues raised in the 16th formal meeting of the Referendum Commission. This paper is of the opinion that the Referendum Commission should not be rashly abolished by amending the Referendum Act as long as the Referendum Commission is able to maintain its independancy in the process of exmination and that the existance of the Referendum Commission is necessary as it could assist people to exercise their tights of initiative and referendum and could ensure the smooth operation of the Referendum Act.