台灣近年來發生許多土石流災害，導致許多傷亡與損失，而行政單位在救災時，往往忽略土石流潛勢溪流地區民眾的避難決策需求，尤其行動弱勢族群。本研究透過問卷調查與訪談的方式，針對新竹縣尖石鄉、南投縣水里鄉的一般家戶行動弱勢者，調查實際土石流災害下行動弱勢族群之災害認知與疏散避難行為特性再與無土石流災害下之預期認知及國外研究案例進行分析比較。土石流消息來源方面，實際避難時除了最為信賴「行政單位的廣播宣導」之外，對於網際網路消息有增加信賴的趨勢；土石流認知方面，實際避難行為較預期認知認同「土石流防災宣導與避難演練對您很有幫助」之認知；避難考量因素方面，實際避難行為則明顯比預期認知較為重視「過去的受災經驗」此項因子，因此災害之預期認知與實際行為兩者並非全然相同。 應用二元羅吉斯特迴歸方法，建立行動弱勢族群「是否採取避難」、「是否需要協助」、「避難過程所需時間」之三種避難疏散行為模式，解釋災害認知、外在環境與災民本身特質等避難因素間之關係。模式發現有接獲避難訊息、所得較高、有危機意識與土石流防救災知識的行動弱勢族群，進行疏散避難的比例較高；也發現行動弱勢族群最需要交通工具與輔助設備的協助；此外行動弱勢族群傾向選擇熟悉的路線，而造成整體避難過程較為耗時。最後依據前述對行動弱勢族群之疏散避難需求與行為特性之掌握，本研究對相關公部門提出行動弱勢族群防救災對策之建議。 / / For realizing the evacuation behavior of disabilities in debris flow disaster, the study conducted a questionnaire survey for the disable groups to understand their disaster perception and actual evacuation behavior. Two debris flow vulnerable townships were selected including Shuili Township in Nantou County and Jianshi Township in Hsinchu County. Therefore, their decision and perceived attributes in Debris Flow were clarified, in addition to examine if evacuation expectation corresponds to actual behavior. This research finds that the evacuation expectations shows significantly differ from the actual behavior on the source of debris flow warning, the debris flow awareness, the consideration of evacuation factors, and the choices of evacuation sites. So evacuation expectation isn’t totally correspond to actual behavior. Research result by evacuation behavior models, disable groups that are “alert”, “have safety knowledge”, “higher income”, are outstanding factors ,it is relatively high to evacuate the proportion of taking refuge. On the other hand, models find disable groups need means of transportation to help most. In conclusion, before drafting emergency planning, the government should consider more the disable group’s expectations and actual evacuation behavior than the request of the situation to ensure the planning is good to work.