1 |
動盪環境下之組織建構新思維施欣貝 Unknown Date (has links)
科技日新月異,全球市場興起,消費者需求變化快速等種種原因,使組織所面臨的環境更加動盪,企業過去成功的優勢不見得能延續到未來,組織不再能成功地預測未來所面臨的危機與挑戰,更不能單純地運用過去解決問題的方式因應如此不連續的組織環境。許多知名企業紛紛透過新的組織建構思維來調整其組織,以因應環境的快速變動,因此,在如此動盪的環境中,如何透過組織建構思維的轉變,使企業能更迅速的因應環境變化,是現今企業欲深入探討的課題。
本研究在文獻探討的部分,首先闡述組織環境與動盪的概念,接著歸納出組織面對動盪環境時所採取的建構新思維,包含建構顧客導向組織、邊界跨越、全球整合型企業、雙面式組織、機會管理機制等新思維。在個案探討的部分,運用IBM、三井物產、NTT DoCoMo、Canon、花王、Epson、P&G等個案公司,分析並印證企業如何運用建構新思維來因應動盪的環境。
最終歸納出在動盪環境下,組織建構思維有以下轉變:一、從「效率導向」到「顧客導向」;二、從「邊界內獨立發展」到「邊界跨越協調合作」;三、從「地域導向型組織」到「全球整合型組織」;四、從「資源分配統籌運作」到「資源統合獨立運作」;五、從「風險最小化」到「機會最大化」。透過上述思維的轉變,組織能更迅速且確實的回應顧客需求,也能針對各地市場進行資源的重整與調度。此外,除了控制風險外,組織更注重機會的發掘與管理,透過組織結構的設計,使新舊事業部之間能進行資源統合運作獨立的方式來發展新事業機會。為了發掘新機會,傳統的閉門造車方式也轉變為組織跨越邊界來協同開發,共同找出新市場。企業可運用本研究結論來檢視該組織之建構思維,是否已轉變為能因應環境動盪的新思維,並將本研究之結論作為該企業進行組織建構時之參考。
|
2 |
從日本NTT DoCoMo公司探討雙面式組織之運作 / From NTT DoCoMo to Analyze The Operation of Ambidextrous Organization趙基楠, Chao,Chi-Nan Unknown Date (has links)
組織在持續發展的進程中會逐漸的由有機型轉而為機械型組織的狀態,然而隨著外在環境趨向超競爭的型態,使其核心技術將有過時之虞,所以組織必須成立新部門以隨時觀察並利用外在之機會,因此組織內新舊部門並列的現象成為企業運作實務的常態。不過新舊部門之間並非必然只能夠各自獨立運作,其間能夠透過持續倡導「可容納新舊部門」的願景下,讓新舊部門透過組織高層主持的跨部委員會之居中協調達到提升彼此績效之正向螺旋效果,如此之組織形式在文獻上稱為「雙面式組織」。
本研究之進行首先由內而外探討雙面式組織定義與內在核心構成要素:其核心概念分為由高層主導之結構性雙面式思維,其用意在於由高層設立跨部會機制以影響成員行為,而系絡性雙面式思維在於由基層員工主動引導跨部會行動,進而影響高層做出相對應之措施,而以上概念對應外在的組織構成形式則可分為結構性、系絡性與混合結構與系絡性之雙面式組織三種;而其間之知識管理模式主要概念在於「先讓成員從共同擬定價值觀,之後再使成員自發性的針對議題進分享彼此知識並進一步及於知識的整合與創造」。
接續以NTT DoCoMo研發i-mode系統為例,說明雙面式組織在企業實務運作之「從封閉平台之電信加值思維到開放平台之網路創值思維」的策略重思考、「透過具跨部門性質之策略性社群與凝聚各策略性社群共識之領導性策略事業群」的組織轉型與「主持策略性社群內 / 間互動與雙面式組織內部之知識發掘、擴散與累積」之變革管理的議題,並透過對個案評論與不同個案之輔助以期使雙面式組織之具體運作使說明更為全面。
在個案描述與評論之後,本研究針對雙面式組織的運行提出以下的三個推論:第一,組織高層應在可容納新舊部門思維之共同目標前提下,確立新舊部門之間的分工與合作機制,以免新舊部門因為彼此爭利而落得兩敗俱傷的局面;第二,在雙面式組織的有效運作中,各社群領導人富有包容力的領導方式與具備前瞻性的領導眼光是其成功的關鍵;第三,組織結構式雙面性與系絡式雙面性思維之運作過程是一體兩面且環環相扣,而且當雙面式組織的運作模式被長期使用時,組織內部的運作會同時包含以上所提及之兩種思維。 / As time goes by, organizational structure will be transformed from organic to mechanic form. However, organization must start a new division because the condition of hyper-competition would make core technology become obsolete. Therefore it is so common that new and old divisions co-exist in an organization, but they are not necessarily operated independently. Between them can both attain higher positive-spiral performance through the cross-division committee under “compatible of new and old divisions” vision and such the organizational structure is called “Ambidextrous Organization” in literatures.
In this research, ambidextrous organization will be discussed from inner sides to outer ones: starting from the definition and core composing thoughts: structural ambidexterity, which means training employees’ behaviors to be ambidextrous through structural changes, and contextual ambidexterity, which means upper managers’ ambidextrous actions are stimulated from middle or lower employees. Following the core composing parts matches not only the external structural forms: structural ambidextrous organization, contextual ambidextrous organization, and organization which mix the thoughts of structural and contextual ambidexterity but also the process from value resonance of co-workers to knowledge sharing and creation.
Following the case analyzing method will be used to explain the operation of ambidextrous organization putting into practice: Take NTT DoCoMo for instance, this research will show the strategic rethinking of” from close platform of telecom value-added concept to open platform of internet value-creation concept”, the corporate transformation of” cross-divisional strategic community and leadership-based strategic community which converge a common consensus of all strategic communities” and the change management of” directing the interaction among strategic communities and knowledge discovering, distributing, and accumulating”. Case comment and other supportive cases will be mentioned to fully analyze the concrete operation of ambidextrous organization.
After the case description and comment, this research will further propose three propositions: First, high level managers should take visions comparable of new and old divisions or they would be in serious wrangling over the resources. Second, considerate and visionary leading competence is the key to successfully managing the operation of ambidextrous organization. Third, structural and contextual ambidexterity thoughts are interactive and mutual-inclusive, especially when using the system of ambidextrous organization for a long time.
|
Page generated in 0.0218 seconds