There is a need to determine the real reasons for conflict in the South African context. because it seems that the transformation process brought forth a reduction in work opportunities, workers losing their jobs, an increase in workplace violence, increasing dissatisfaction amongst workers, more strikes occuring, affirmative action, discrimination, recruitment of workers without the appropriate skills, corruption, workers who are too lazy to work, and professionals going overseas, etcetera. Personnel in the companies must be adequately informed about the nature of conflict, the causes of conflict, the types of conflict and the management of conflict, because conflict is increasing and it must be managed correctly otherwise it will be destructive and inhibit the functioning of a company. The objectives of the research study are as follows: a) To determine how conflict dynamics are conceptualised in literature through the application of industrial sociological theories, organizational principles and general management theories. b) To determine the main sources of conflict within the Engineering Company. c) To determine if personnel on the horizontal and vertical levels in the Engineering Company are influenced differently by conflict. d) To determine if there is a significant difference between the personnel in the Engineering Company in the manner in which they handle conflict with their superior and subordinates. The research study consists of a theoretical and an empirical framework. Chapter 1 covers the introduction, problem statement, the method and purpose of the research, and the description of relevant terms. In Chapter 2, the philosophies of Georg Friedrich Hegel and Immanuel Kant, and the theories of Karl Marx and Max Weber are used to serve as a basis on which the study can be built. In Chapter 3, the nature of conflict is discussed in terms of the following types of conflict: interpersonal conflict, intrapersonal conflict, intergroup conflict, and intragroup conflict. The management of the different types of conflict is also discussed. Chapter 3 covers the empirical data of the research, and the empirical research results of the study. The most important results of this study and recommendations are given in Chapter 5. / Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Sociology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2006

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Heidelberg, 2000.

Thesis (M.A./Intercultural Studies)--Columbia Biblical Seminary and Graduate School of Missions, Columbia, S.C., 1995. / Abstract. Vol. 2 comprises the appendices. Includes bibliographical references (v. 1, leaves 140-149).

Scholars suspect that violence at home is linked to violence abroad but few studies theorize or test any relationship between them. Under what conditions does repression lead to international conflict? I extend the logic of why leaders repress to suggest that repression can alter states' power internationally. I argue that leaders can repress to prepare for a possible international conflict, but the act of repressing alters their international bargaining power through a signaling mechanism. The argument implies that governments continue to use repression because it can increase their power vis-a-vis both domestic and international opponents. With a global dataset on torture, death, disappearance, arbitrary arrests and international conflict, I find that--even after controlling for regime type, civil war, and military capabilities--states that repress are more likely to initiate conflict the following year than states that respect basic human rights. Simultaneously, engaging in extreme repression virtually guarantees that no state will target the repressor. / text

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While evidence continues to mount that democracies resort to military force reluctantly, the transition to democracy may in fact be a dangerous and conflictual one. With the eyes of the world now focused squarely on democratization, a reassessment of the relationship between regime change and inter-state conflict seems fitting. To date, the evidence remains mixed. No clear consensus has emerged on whether regime transition either increases or decreases conflict propensities. The research here builds on models of democratization and conflict by including a more fully specified vector of conflict variables and by using an updated set of cases. Further, interaction effects are explored to assess whether factors such as power or contiguity differentially impact the conflict propensity of transitioning states. Employing a generalized estimating equation with logit and poisson specifications, the results show that change towards democracy decreases the probability of involvement in militarized inter-state disputes and wars. However, uneven or "rocky" transitions are found to increase conflict likelihood.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / This study examines some relationship which appear to exist between the learning of hostile material and the drive state of hostility. Hostility is defined as a universally existent drive state capable of being elicited by an appropriate stimulus. No distinction is made as to whether its origin is innate or learned. Williams has suggested that learning rate is negatively related to stimuli connoting hostility; an extension of this study by Wolf indicated that such learning is a negative function of hostile drive strength in interaction with stimuli connoting hostility. However, other studies indicate that there are conditions under which learning could be positively related to hostile stimuli. Maccoby, Levin, and Selya, for example, showed a positive relationship between hostile drive and the recall of hostile material. The purpose of the present study is to examine the circumstances for such diverse findings and expectations and to attempt differential prediction as a consequence of such an analysis. [TRUNCATED]

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / This dissertation examines the conflict created when an individual's beliefs are in contradiction to the beliefs of others. Specifically, this study examines (1) the distribution of modes of conflict resolution when no response is made salient (a free choice situation) and when one of three responses (independence, conformity, or compromise) is made salient, (2) the emotional consequences of the modes of resolution; i.e., subsequent tension, and (3) the attitudinal consequences of adopting one of the three modes of resolution [TRUNCATED]