<p>This thesis presents new methods for finding optimal and near-optimal constant weight binary codes with distance d and weight w such that d=2(w-1). These methods have led to the discovery of a number of new codes which are being submitted for publication. Improvements in methods for generating lexicographic codes are also discussed, with suggestions for further research in this area.</p>

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In this thesis we review and build on the common methods used to analyze null geodesics in Schwarzschild de Sitter space. We present a general technique which allows finding measurable intersection angles of null trajectories analytically, and as one of its applications we establish a general relativistic aberration relationship. The tools presented are used to analyze some standard setups of gravitational deflection of light and gain a clear understanding of the role that the cosmological constant, Λ, plays in gravitational lensing phenomena. Through reviewing some recent papers on the topic with the present results in mind, we attempt to explain the major sources of disagreement in the ongoing debate on the subject, which started with Rindler and Ishak’s original paper, regarding the influence of Λ on lensing phenomena. To avoid ambiguities and room for misunderstanding we present clear definitions of the quantities used in the present analysis as well as in other papers we discuss. / Thesis (Master, Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy) -- Queen's University, 2013-09-30 21:18:26.762

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In this thesis we present work done in an analysis of models of brane induced gravity. These are higher dimensional generalizations of Einstein's General relativity where our universe is considered as a brane in a higher dimensional bulk and where the gravitational dynamics on the brane is enhanced. This provides a modification of gravity on the brane as compared to ordinary general relativity, primarily at very large distances. These models are therefore very interesting for adressing the cosmological constant problem. Even though the basic setup is natural to consider from the perspective of effective field theory and also follow from certain string theoretical considerations, the models have been plagued by inconsistencies in the form of unstable modes. In particular, a ghostlike and tachyonic scalar mode appears already at the linear level in a perturbative treatment. In order to gain a deeper insight into the nature of these consistency problems we have revisited the models, performing a more extensive analysis of the generic models than has previously been done. We have worked entirely in a gauge invariant formalism in order not to be obscured by gauge issues. We have also incorporated an effective thickness of the brane in our analysis and performed an explicit analysis of the effect of contributions from the extrinsic geometry. Although our analysis has been carried out at the linear level in a perturbative treatment we are able to get a deeper understanding of the unstable mode and illuminate some of the difficulties of these models that would likely persist even in a full nonlinear analysis.

This thesis presents new methods for finding optimal and near-optimal constant weight binary codes with distance d and weight w such that d=2(w-1). These methods have led to the discovery of a number of new codes which are being submitted for publication. Improvements in methods for generating lexicographic codes are also discussed, with suggestions for further research in this area.

The arithmetic operations in most digital system are in the conventional binary number systems. However, the finite field arithmetic has also been widely used in applications of cryptography and communication channel coding. For example, finite field constant multiplication is applied to the advanced encryption standard (AES) and in the Reel-Solomon code. In this thesis, we develop a synthesizer that can automatically generate optimized gate-level netlists for constant matrix multiplication in Galois Field GF(2^n). The logic minimization is based on the a new common-factor elimination (CSE) algorithm that can efficiently finds the shared common factors among all the bit-level Boolean equations. Both the area and speed performance are considered during the logic optimization process. Experimental results show that the synthesized circuits have better area and/or speed performance compared with those obtained using Synopsys logic synthesis tools.

Abract This paper concems studies of CIS solar cell based on ZnSe an ZnSeTe window layer. ZnSe an ZnSeTe films are grown by Molecular Beam Deposition (MBD).This research is important for several reasons : (1)Development of non-cadmium buffer layer may be essential for CIS solar cells to be accepted in the marketplace ; (2)Development of direct ZnO/CIS cells could lead to a simplified cell (3)knowledge gained in investigations of ZnO and ZnSeTe buffer layer may help us understand the unique role CdS plays in CdS/CIS solar cell .

With combination of the both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic and mutural coupling properties, multiferroics attracts a lot of researcher¡¦s attentions. Among these very popular materials, such as REMnO (113 series, 125 series), BiFeO3 etc¡K , the BiFeO3 interests us the most for it manifests multiferroic effects above the room temperature. However, the pure BiFeO3 phase is very difficult to form and a serious lost of Bi creates complex grain boundaries that produces enormous electric leaking. In this study, Pb is doped into BiFeO3 in Bi sites and we hope this doping effect may increase the stability and the ferroelectricity of Bi1-xPbxFeO3. It is found that the crystal structure is changed dramatically, because of the doping of Pb, from the rhombohedra structure of the parent pure BiFeO3 to the cubic structure of Bi0.85Pb0.15FeO3. By the Pb doping, the compounds exhibit free from impurity phases and the dielectric constants are enhanced qualitatively to the doping levels.