Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1989.

Thesis (DR. P.H.)--University OF MICHIGAN.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1989.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1960.

Thesis (M.D.S.)--University of Hong Kong, 1988. / Also available in print.

Thesis (M.D.S.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

The aim of this study was to test the accuracy of two methods for age estimation in non-adults, Cameriere’s European formula and AlQahtani’s London Atlas, on a multi-ethnic American sample. Radiographs of European, Hispanic and American Indian children (166 girls and 194 boys) aged between 6 and 17 years were analyzed following both methods. The accuracy of each method was assessed using the mean difference and the mean of the absolute values of the residuals (mean prediction error). Categories relating to ethnicity, sex and age were applied to the assessment of accuracy in order to compare these two approaches. Results indicate that Cameriere’s European formula significantly underestimated age for both sexes (p < 0.001), with a mean difference of -1.19 years for girls and -1.32 years for boys, prompting the first author to create an American specific formula. The American formula slightly overestimated age but this difference was not significant (p>0.05). Using Cameriere’s European formula the mean prediction error (ME) was 1.51 years for girls and 1.58 years for boys while the ME was 1.24 years for girls and 1.13 years for boys, using the American formula. The London Atlas underestimated age with a mean difference of -0.18 for girls and -0.16 for boys. The absolute mean difference was 1.04 years for girls and 1 year for boys. For both methods, differences in accuracy based on sex or ethnic group were not significant (P>0.05). The results indicate that both methods may be useful for estimating age in a forensic context.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-04-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:32:12Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 dinelli_tcs_me_arafo.pdf: 1293078 bytes, checksum: 75c774462e3c62fb92c7c9ef37c362e5 (MD5) / Para o presente trabalho, 235 crianças pertencentes às creches da Prefeitura Municipal de Araraquara foram avaliadas e moldadas com um dispositivo confeccionado com um palito abaixador de língua e cera utilidade na forma dos arcos dentários. No intervalo de um ano, as mesmas crianças foram remoldadas a fim de se verificar se houveram ou não mudanças nas dimensões do arco dentário decíduo. A partir da obtenção dos modelos em gesso, foram realizadas medições por meio de um dispositivo digitalizador tridimensional denominado MicroScribe-3DX nos instantes inicial (primeira moldagem) e final (moldagem após um ano). Foram avaliadas mensurações referentes às distâncias inter-segundos molares, interprimeiros molares, intercaninos, perímetro, comprimento de arco e espaços primatas. Consideraram-se ainda dimorfismo sexual, tipo de arco e influência de hábitos de sucção de dedo e chupeta. Concluiu-se que as dimensões transversais sofreram aumento significativo na dentadura decídua, enquanto que o perímetro, o comprimento e os espaços primatas permaneceram constantes. As distâncias interprimeiros molares e inter-segundos molares apresentaram dimorfismo sexual, mostrando dimensões maiores no sexo feminino. Com relação às medidas de perímetro, comprimento e espaços primatas não ocorreram diferenças significantes em relação ao sexo. As dimensões de comprimento nos arcos não diferem nos arcos decíduos Tipo I e Tipo II de Baume, enquanto que o diâmetro dos arcos do Tipo I de Baume, são maiores do que os do Tipo II. Os hábitos de sucção de dedo e chupeta não provocaram alterações nas dimensões dos arcos decíduos no período observado, de um ano. / Two hundred and thirty five children enrolled in kindergarden of Araraquara public school system were evaluated and cast models were obtained. For this purpose a special apparatus was confeccioned with utility wax and exam stick following the dental arch form. After an year same children were evaluated again in order to observe possible changes in the primary dental arches. Using the cast models some measurements were performed by a tridimensional digitalizer dispositive, MicroScribe - 3DX, on the first and after one year cast models. Second molars, first molars and canine width, arch perimeter, arch length and primate spaces were evaluated. Gender dimorphism, arch type and finger or pacifier sucking habits were also considered. It was concluded that the transverse measurements showed a significant increase in primary dentition, while the perimeter, arch length and primate spaces were stable. The first and second molars width presented gender dimorphism, with higher values in the females. Considering the perimeter, arch length and primate spaces there were no significant differences according to gender. The arch length dimensions were not different between Baume Type I and II arches, althougth Baume Type I arch width were larger than Type II. Finger and pacifier sucking habits had no effect on primary dentition dimensions during the observe period of one year.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-06-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:51:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 barcellos_dc_me_sjc.pdf: 1949331 bytes, checksum: e81ae0b419400d6cb26e35036ad911a1 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esse estudo de prevalência objetivou avaliar o lado preferencial mastigatório nas dentições decídua, mista e permanente e sua relação com: a consistência da dieta alimentar; o índice de placa e o índice gengival entre as hemi-arcadas direita e esquerda; o lado preferencial no primeiro ciclo mastigatório e as dominâncias laterais. Foram avaliados 300 indivíduos divididos em três grupos: Grupo 1 - 100 indivíduos entre 3 e 5 anos de idade com dentição decídua; Grupo 2 - 100 indivíduos entre 6 e 12 anos de idade com dentição mista; Grupo 3 - 100 indivíduos a partir de 18 anos de idade com dentição permanente. Foram coletados dados sobre a consistência alimentar (sólido, semi-sólido, pastoso e líquido) dos indivíduos. Foi realizado o índice gengival segundo o critério de Löe e Silness (1963) e o índice de placa segundo os critérios de Greene e Vermilion (1964) entre as hemi-arcadas direitas e esquerdas. Foi realizado o teste midificado de Mc Donnell et al. (2004) para determinar o lado preferencial mastigatório e o teste desenvolvido por Hoogmartens e Caubergh (1987a) para determinar o lado preferencial no primeiro ciclo mastigatório. Foi realizado o teste desenvolvido por Porac e Coren (1981) para determinar a dominância lateral das mãos, pés, olhos e ouvidos. Foi utilizada estatística descritiva para observar a prevalência do lado preferencial mastigatório, o teste Qui-quadrado e o teste Z para a relação entre os dados obtidos. Pode-se observar uma prevalência do lado preferencial mastigatório de 87% para o grupo 1, de 82% para o grupo 2 e de 76% para o grupo 3. O teste qui-quadrado demonstrou haver relação significante entre o lado preferencial mastigatório e: o lado preferencial no 9 primeiro ciclo mastigatório para os grupos 1, 2 e 3; a dominância lateral dos ouvidos para o grupo 1; e as dominâncias laterais das mãos e dos pés para grupos... / This study evaluated the prevalence of chewing side preference in deciduous, mixed and permanent dentition and its relationship with: food consistency, gingival and plaque index between the left and right hemiarcades, the side preference at first chewing and lateral dominance. It was evaluated 300 subjects divided into three groups: Group 1 - 100 individuals between 3 and 5 years old with deciduous dentition; Group 2 - 100 individuals between 6 and 12 years old with mixed dentition; 3 - 100 individuals between 18 and 47 years old with permanent dentition. Data of food consistency were obtained with a questionnaire (solid, semi-solid, paste and liquid). The plaque index was performed according to Greene and Vermilion (1964) criteria and the gingival index was performed according to Löe e Silness (1963) criteria, for the left and right hemiarcades. To determine the chewing side preference, was used the test developed by Christensen and Radue (1985a). To determine the side preference at first chewing, was used the test developed by Hoogmartens and Caubergh (1987a). To determine the lateral dominance of the hands, feet, eyes and ears, was used the test developed by Porac and Coren (1981). Descriptive statistics was used to observe the prevalence of the chewing side preference. The chi-square test and Wilcoxon test and Z-test were used for the relation between the data obtained. It can be observe the prevalence of the chewing side preference: 87% for group 1, 82% for group 2 and 76% for group 3. The chi-square test showed that there was significant relation between chewing side preference and: side preference at first chewing for the deciduous, mixed and permanent dentition; ear lateral dominance for the primary dentition; hand and feet lateral dominances for the mixed and permanent dentitions. It can be concluded that the side preference at first chewing is directly related to the chewing... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)