thesis report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the Degree of Masters in Nursing Science Johannesburg, 2014 / Shortage of human resources is a major problem which has become an international emergency that in recent years has caused substantial international attention and concern. Mid-level medical workers were introduced internationally, in Africa and recently in South Africa as a strategy to overcome health workforce challenges and improve access to essential health services, as well as achieve the health related targets of the Millennium Development Goals. Mid-level workers in South Africa are called Clinical Associates. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the PHC nurses’ perception of the Clinical Associate role. A qualitative, contextual, exploratory and descriptive design was used to explore and describe the PHC nurses’ opinions and thoughts concerning the role the clinical associates would play in the health care system; and to obtain an understanding of how the PHCNs see the feasibility of working with these newly introduced health workers. A purposive convenient sampling was used to select participants who were most likely to offer information required in the study. The study findings show that PHC nurses had insufficient knowledge regarding who Clinical Associates are and what their role is. Although to some extend the PHC nurses acknowledged the important role the Clinical Associates would play, the PHC nurses expressed more concern related to their professional status. The concerns included matters like: who would be senior between the Clinical Associate and the PHC nurses taking into consideration the level of education and training of Clinical Associates versus that of nurses; who would take orders from whom between Clinical Associates and PHC nurses. Another worry was the possibility of clinical associates taking over the PHC nurses roles.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 159-168).

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Bakgrund: I Sverige har individer med utvecklingsstörning rätt att välja boendeform. Det finns dock lite forskning som undersöker vilken boendeform som är mest lämplig för dessa individer. De är en sårbar individgrupp som behöver uppmärksammas mer i forskning. Syfte: Studien avsåg att undersöka vilken boendeform som var mest lämplig för en individ med grav utvecklingsstörning. Detta gjordes genom att granska dennes boendeformsbyte från gruppboende till enskilt boende,  utifrån ett omvårdnadsperspektiv. Metod: Mixed methods användes för att besvara syftet. Intervjuer och fokusgruppmöte användes för kvalitativ datainsamling. Kvantitativ data samlades in från vårdtagarens aktivitetsdagbok. Resultat: Boendeformsbytet från gruppboende till enskilt boende verkar inneburit en förbättring på flera plan för vårdtagaren. Gruppbostaden hade begränsade möjligheter att ge den omvårdnad han behövde. På det enskilda boendet kunde de personliga assistenterna individanpassa omvårdnaden genom högre personaltäthet. Där fick han förbättrad nutrition eftersom måltiderna fullföljdes och maten var bättre. Aktivitetsmängden ökade då det fanns fasta rutiner och mer tid till aktivering i enskilt boende. Slutsats: God omvårdnad är individanpassad omvårdnad och för att uppnå detta krävs tillräckliga personalresurser. De personliga assistenternas kännedom om vårdtagaren är en förutsättning för att kommunicera, registrera avvikelser samt uppnå individanpassad omvårdnad. Enskilt boende verkar vara en mer lämplig boendeform än gruppbostad för en individ med grav utvecklingsstörning vad det gäller omvårdnadkvalité. / Background: In Sweden, individuals with developmental disabilities have the right to choose type of housing. However, there is a small amount of research that examines which type of housing that is most appropriate for these individuals. They are a vulnerable group that need more attention in research. Objective: The study aimed to examine which type of housing that was most suitable for an individual with severe mental retardation by reviewing a change of housing from group home to individual housing, from a nursing perspective. Methods: Mixed methods were used. Individual interviews and focus group meeting was used for qualitative data collection. Quantitative data were collected from the individual's activity diary. Results: The change of housing from group homes to individual housing seems to have improved the care in many different ways. Group home had a limited ability to provide the care needed. In the individual housing, staff could individualize the care because of higher staffing levels. The nutrition was improved because, in the individual housing, the individual was given the time to finish meals, also the food was better. The amount of activity increased in individual housing, where they had set procedures and more time to do the activities. Conclusion: Good care is individualized care and to achieve this sufficient staff-resources are required. The staff’s awareness of the patient is essential to communicate, find abnormalities and achieve individualized care. Individual accommodation seems to be a more suitable type of housing than a group home for an individual with severe mental retardation.

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Šio tyrimo tikslas - įvertinti moterų, kurioms atlikta krūties vėžio operacija, kūno įvaizdžio pokyčius, taikant radioterapinį gydymą. Tyrimo metodika. Tyrimas atliktas LSMU Krūtų chirurgijos skyriuje 2012 m. sausio – 2013 m. vasario mėnesiais. Tyrimo metu buvo naudojamos kūno įvaizdžio po krūties vėžio anketa (BIBCQ) ir papildomai sudaryti klausimai sociodemografiniams duomenims išsiaiškinti. Anoniminėje anketinėje apklausoje sutikusios dalyvauti pacientės buvo informuotos apie tyrimą, jo tikslą ir eigą. Sutikusios pacientės dalyvauti tyrime, savo sutikimą patvirtino raštiškai, pasirašydamos informuotą sutikimą. Rezultatai. Apklausoje dalyvavo 98 respondentės, kurių amžius svyravo nuo 30 – 74 metų. Respondenčių amžiaus vidurkis 50,9 m. (SN ± 12,09). Tyrimo rezultatai rodo, kad respondentės didžiausiais balų vidurkiais įvertino „pažeidžiamumo“, „gėdos jausmo dėl savo kūno“ ir „pašalinių žmonių žvilgsnių“ skales. Labai stipri sąsaja nustatyta tarp „gėdos jausmo dėl savo kūno“ su „pažeidžiamumo“, „susirūpinimo dėl savo kūno“ ir „pašalinių žmonių žvilgsnių“ skalėmis. „Pažeidžiamumo“ skalė taip pat labai stipriai susijusi su „susirūpinimu dėl savo kūno“ skale. Socialiniai-demografiniai rodikliai turėjo sąsajas su visomis šešiomis kūno įvaizdžio charakteristikomis. Nustatyta, kad didžiausi kūno įvaizdžio balų vidurkiai turėjo sąsajas su vaisingo amžiaus moterimis, ištekėjusiomis ar gyvenančiomis su gyvenimo draugu, turinčiomis spec. vidurinį ar aukštąjį išsilavinimą... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The goal of the study is to evaluate women who underwent breast cancer surgery, body image changes with radiotherapy. Methods. The study was conducted LSMUL Breast Surgery Department in 2012. January - 2013. February. The study has been used in body image after breast cancer questionnaire (BIBCQ) and additionally up questions to find out the socio-demographic data. Patients who agreed to participate in anonymous questionnaire survey, were informed about the study, purpose and progress. Patients consented to participate in the study by signing an informed consent. Results. The survey involved 98 respondents whose ages ranged from 30-74 years. Respondents' average age of 50.9 years (SD ± 12.09). The results show that respondents rated the highest score averages "vulnerability" scale , "body stigma" scale and "transparency" scale. Very strong correlation is found between „body stigma“ with "vulnerability", "body concerns" and " transparency“ scales. "Vulnerability" scale has also very strong correlation with „body concerns"scale. Socio-demographic indicators had correlation to all six characteristics of the body image. It was found that the largest body image point averages had correlation to child-bearing age women, married or living with their common-low, having a secondary or higher education, working, living in the town. Conclusions. 1.The assessment of body image characteristics, among women who underwent breast cancer surgery, during the treatment of radiotherapy... [to full text]

Diss. (sammanfattning) Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. Univ. Frankfurt am Main, 2007.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2010.