Zugl.: Berlin, Humboldt-University, Diss., 2008.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2002--München.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2002--München.

Techn. University, Diss., 2005--München.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2001--München.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1966. / Typescript. Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--Texas State University-San Marcos, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 41-45).

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-01-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:44:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 lima_et_dr_botfmvz.pdf: 504654 bytes, checksum: 9075cd90f006e95c366548dd4c405799 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O presente trabalho teve por objetivos detectar genes (abp 118 alpha e Sal B) codificadores de bacteriocinas das cepas de Lactobacillus salivarius e avaliar a capacidade protetora de prebiótico e Lactobacillus spp. como probiótico em carcaças e órgãos de frangos de corte desafiados com Salmonella enterica sorovar Enteritidis (SE), observando-se também alterações na morfologia da mucosa intestinal. Os produtos da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) de 25 cepas de Lactobacillus salivarius isoladas do inglúvio e cecos de matrizes pesadas de linhagem comercial não apresentaram bandas em gel de agarose correspondente à amplificação do segmento genômico codificador dos produtos de bacteriocinas. Para capacidade de proteção, 150 pintos de corte foram divididos em cinco grupos de 30 aves para os diferentes tratamentos (T1 = controle negativo, T2 = controle positivo, T3 = pool de Lactobacillus, T4 = pool de Lactobacillus + prebiótico e T5 = prebiótico). Nos períodos de 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias de vida, as aves dos grupos 3 e 4 foram tratadas via oral com pool de Lactobacillus spp. Os tratamentos com prebióticos (T4 e T5) foram realizados via ração desde o primeiro dia de vida até 42 dias. Dezoito horas antes do abate as aves foram desafiadas com SE (T2, T3, T4 e T5). Os cultivos microbiológicos das carcaças e fígados apresentaram crescimento bacteriano de SE para todos os tratamentos T2, T3, T4 e T5, exceto o T1, o qual também não apresentou contagem bacteriana para os inglúvios e cecos. Os tratamentos T2, T3, T4 e T5, apresentaram contagem de SE nos inglúvios, embora o T5 tenha apresentado significativamente (P<0,05) maior quantidade bacteriana quando comparado com os demais tratamentos. Nos cecos, os tratamentos T2 e T5, apresentaram significativamente (P<0,05) maior quantidade bacteriana. quando comparado com os T1, T3 e T4. Não foi observado efeito significativo (P>0,05) sobre profundidade de criptas das... / The present work aimed to detect genes (abp 118 alpha and Sal B) encoding bacteriocins of strains of Lactobacillus salivarius and to evaluate the protective capacity of prebiotic and Lactobacillus spp. as probiotic in carcasses and organs of broiler chickens challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE), observing also the morphology of the alterations intestinal mucosa. The products of the reaction in chain of the polymerase (PCR) of 25 strains of Lactobacillus salivarius isolated from the crop and ceca of heavy matrices of commercial lineage did not present bands in agarose gel corresponding to amplification of the encoding genomic segment of bacteriocin producers. For protection capacity, 150 broiler chicks were divided into five groups of 30 birds for the different treatments (T1 = negative control, T2 = positive control, T3 = pool of Lactobacillus, T4 = pool of Lactobacillus + prebiotic and T5 = prebiotic). At the ages of 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days, the birds of groups 3 and 4 were treated orally with pool of Lactobacillus spp. The treatments with prebiotics (T4 and T5) were accomplished via ration from the first day of life up to 42 days. Eighteen hours before slaughter the birds were challenged with SE (T2, T3, T4 and T5). The microbiological cultures of carcasses and livers presented bacterial growth of SE for all treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5, except T1, which also did not present a bacterial count for crops or ceca. The treatments T2, T3, T4 and T5, presented SE count in crops, although T5 had shown a significantly (P<0.05) higher bacterial quantity compared to the other treatments. In ceca, the treatments T2 and T5, presented significantly (P<0.05) more bacteria than T1, T3 and T4. No significant effect was observed (P>0.05) on depth of crypts of birds that received treatments T4 and T5, forme of wich displayed lower crypt depth ratio, differing significantly (P<0.05) compared to T1 and T2.

Orientador: Ruben Pablo Schocken-Iturrino / Baca: Antonio Carlos Paulillo / Banca: Alessandra Aparecida Medeiros / Resumo: Atualmente, a produção de frangos de corte no Brasil tem sofrido uma considerável perda em produção devido a ação do C/ostridium perfringens, agente causador da Enterite Necrótica. Por outro lado, a Sa/monella spp também se toma uma preocupação dentro da criação devido a ação na saúde pública. Com isso objetivou-se verificar a contaminação por C/ostridium perfringens e Sa/monella spp em camas de frango, novas e reutilizadas, relacionando a proliferação das mesmas com o efeito do pH e o desempenho e taxa de mortalidade. As amostras eram compostas de cama de maravalha advindas da região de Sertãozinho. Foi utilizado o Delineamento em blocos casualizado com 10 repetições. Para a análise de C/ostridium spp. as amostras foram submetidas à diluições seriadas, semeadas em duplicatas, em placas de petri, com meio SPS e incubadas em jarras anaeróbias com o sistema Gás-Pak, à temperatura de 3537°C/24-48h. Para análise de Sa/monella spp., um grama de cada amostra foi enriquecido em caldo de tetrationato-novobiocina (TN) e selenito-novobiocina (SN) e incubadas a 42°C/24 horas. Após, 1 ml dos caldos foram semeados em placas contendo meio MacConkey (Difco) e novamente incubados nas mesmas condições. Confirmando-se a suspeita do gênero, colônias características foram isoladas, e inoculadas em ágar tríplice açúcar ferro (TSI) e submetidas ao teste de aglutinação em lâmina. A sorotipagem para a identificação da espécie foi realizada no Instituto Adolfo lutz de São Paulo, Brasil. Com as reutilizações da cama, houve uma significativa redução na contagem de C/ostridium perfringens e aumento nos valores de pH devido à liberação de amônia. Numericamente também houve redução nos níveis de mortalidade e melhora na conversão alimentar. A análise de Salmonella mostrou-se positiva em 26,67% das amostras, sendo caracterizado... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This work was done with the aim of verified the contamination by Clostridium perfringens and Salmonella spp in new and re-used poultry litter, relating its proliferation with the effect of pH, performance and mortality rate. The analyses were done at the microbiology laboratory of FCAVJ - UNESP. Samples were poultry litter of woods shaves coming from chicken sheds of Sertãozinho, Sao Paulo State. Blocks designed with 10 repetitions was used. For Clostridium spp. counting samples were submitted to ten fold dilutions up to 10-6, streaked in duplicates, on Petri dishes with SPS medium and incubated under anaerobic conditions with the GAS-PAK system at 35-37°C for /24-48h. For the analysis of Salmonella spp. one gram of each sample was enriched in Tetrationate-novobiocin (TN) and selenite- novobiocin broth (SN) and incubated at 42°C by 24h. Afier, 1 mL from the broths were streaked onto MacConkey plates and again incubated under the same conditions. Confirming the suspected genera five typical colonies were picked up and inoculated on triple sugar, iron agar (TSI), and afier submitted to agglutination test. Sero typing for identification of species was realized at Adolfo Lutz institute of Sao Paulo, Brazil The re-utilization of the litters allows a significative reduction in the counting of Clostridium perfringens and an increase in the pH values due to the liberation of ammonia. Numerically there was also a reduction on the levals of mortality and improvement in feed efficiency. Salmonella was present in 26,67 of the samples been characterized as Salmonella Heidelberg and Salmonella Mbandaka. / Mestre

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an innate-like T cell subset that recognize bacteria-derived metabolites presented on MR1, but can also be stimulated in a T cell receptor (TCR)-independent manner by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, their role in both sterile and non-sterile diseases are of great interest and only just beginning to be explored. To understand the role of MAIT cells in non-sterile inflammation, we utilized a controlled human infection model of live Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A. We observed that at the time of diagnosis MAIT cells had an activated phenotype, which was maintained even after antibiotic treatment. We analysed the TCR repertoire of MAIT cells in diagnosed individuals to determine if the MAIT cell response to infection was antigen- driven. We found that infection led to redistribution of the repertoire, with transient contraction of the over-represented clones at the peak of infection. To understand the role of MAIT cells in sterile inflammation we examined cancer sections and found that MAIT cells infiltrate tumours derived from various tissues and that the source of MAIT cells was from tissue-resident MAIT cell subsets. We also determined that MAIT cells may respond to BCG immunotherapy of bladder cancer, as they are both present and activated in the bladder following treatment. Finally, we wanted to determine the extent to which both the TCR&alpha; and TCR&beta; usage affected MAIT cell responses. We found that the TRAJ usage, which relatively defines circulating versus tissue-resident MAIT subsets, has a large impact on the MAIT TCR response to both bacterial and ligand stimulation. We also investigated selected TCR&beta; clonotypes identified in Salmonella-infected individuals and found that the MAIT cell clonotypes that expanded after infection had stronger TCR-dependent activation than did contracted clonotypes from the same individual. In conclusion, we have characterised the function and phenotype of MAIT cells in human infection, cancer and cancer immunotherapy as well as provide insight into the usage and importance of the specific MAIT cells TCR&alpha; and TCR&beta; chains.