Many problems in the field of automatic video surveillance exists today. Some have yet to be overcome. One of these problems is how a computer system automatically can determine if a situation should cause an alarm or not. To resolve this problem, the use of Case-based reasoning (CBR) is proposed. CBR is a technique that allows a system to reason about different situations and to learn from them. The aim is to produce a system that utilizes these abilities. The system should learn to recognize the situations that causes different alarms. When a situation is recognized and categorized, these false alarms can be completely avoided. This master thesis explains and shows the advantages of using such a system together with advanced image processing techniques.

Texte remanié de: Thèse--Histoire--Paris--École des chartes, 1998. / En appendice, choix de documents. Bibliogr. p. 12-19. Index.

M. Coderch, A.S. Willsky, S.S. Sastry, D.A. Castanon. / Bibliography: leaves 4-5. / "Grant AFOSR 82-0253"

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Por medio del Decreto Supremo Nº 410-2015-EF, el cual aprobó el Reglamento del Decreto Legislativo Nº 1224, Decreto Legislativo que regula la Promoción de la Inversión Privada mediante Asociaciones Público-Privadas (en adelante, las APP’s) y Proyectos en Activos (actualmente derogado) se incorporó a las optimizaciones en el marco normativo nacional referido a la ejecución de contrato de APP. El mencionado mecanismo ha vuelto a ser considerado dentro del Decreto Legislativo N° 1362 y su reglamento aprobado por Decreto Supremo N° 240-2018-EF. Así, las optimizaciones se incorporaron como un mecanismo para realizar cambios a determinadas obligaciones establecidas en los contratos de APP. No obstante, se ha apreciado que dichas optimizaciones presentan una regulación confusa, la cual ha generado confusiones y discordancias respecto de en su correcta ejecución y, por ende, el desarrollo de las obligaciones establecidas en los contratos; ello se aprecia por ejemplo en el caso específico del Contrato de Concesión de la Línea 2 del Metro de Lima. Por lo tanto, por medio del presente trabajo de investigación se planteará una propuesta de regulación de las optimizaciones, la cual tiene por finalidad que estas se vuelvan una herramienta que permita mejorar su aplicación en los contratos de APP. / Through the promulgation of Supreme Decree 410-2015-EF, which approved the Regulation of Legislative Decree No. 1224, Legislative Decree that regulates the Promotion of Private Investment through Public-Private Partnerships and Projects in Assets was incorporated into the optimizations in the national regulatory framework referred to the execution of the PPP contract. The mentioned mechanism has been considered again in Legislative Decree No. 1362 and its regulations approved through Supreme Decree No. 240-2018-EF. Thus, the optimizations were incorporated as a mechanism to make changes to certain obligations established in the PPP contracts. However, it has been appreciated that these present incoherent regulations, which damages their correct execution and, therefore, the development of the established obligations; This has been seen in the specific case of the Concession Contract for Line 2 of the Lima Metro. Therefore, by means of this research work, a proposal for the regulation of optimizations will be proposed, it is intended that they become a tool to improve their application in PPP contracts. / Tesis

Hydrophobic coatings find application in various sectors of the economy including to electronics, textiles, optical devices, and in scientific and commercial equipment. These different applications demand that different hydrophobic coatings posses a range of properties that may include smoothness or roughness, thicknesses on the order of a monolayer or a micron, robustness or the ability to dissolve quickly, transparency or opacity, water resistance or water permeability, electrical conductivity, oleophobicity, etc. However, whatever the final/desired properties, deposition via dry-deposition processes offers significant advantages, including greater reproducibility, increased environmental friendliness, and cost effectiveness on an industrial scale. Herein I explore the chemical vapor deposition of silanes and the characterization of a commercial, hydrophobic coating to better prepare and understand hydrophobic coatings on different materials. One of the characterization techniques I used frequently in these studies is X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Accordingly, in Chapter 2 of this thesis I discuss this technique vis-à-vis the chemical shifts it detects, which reflect the oxidation states of materials being probed. In particular, I discuss a recommendation made over a decade ago by Gion Calzaferri for 'fixing' the problem of oxidation numbers as applied to organic materials and show how XPS confirms his suggestion. In Chapter 3 I introduce hydrogen as an etch/cleaning gas for silicon wafers. I first show that, like argon and oxygen plasmas, hydrogen plasmas will effectively clean silicon wafers. However, I then show that hydrogen plasma treatment leads to a silicon surface that is chemically different than those prepared with the other plasmas and that undergoes silanization to a greater extent -- the resulting surfaces have higher water contact angles and thicknesses. In Chapter 4 I study the deposition of a potential barrier layer for water, which was prepared from an aza silane: N-n-butyl-aza-2,2-dimethoxysilacyclopentane (1) in a molecular layer deposition (MLD)-like process using either water or ammonium hydroxide as the second half reactant. This molecule has the interesting property of undergoing self-limiting growth, where the termination of this growth is accelerated by use of an ammonium hydroxide catalyst. Interestingly, films of 1 are considerably thicker on nylon than on silicon, which is explained by nylon acting as a water reservoir in the reaction. In Chapter 5 I show the careful characterization of the hydrophobic coating on an Apple iPod nano, which was probed by ToF-SIMS, wetting, and XPS. I could identify that the coating is only applied to the touchscreen of the device. SIMS suggested that the fluorinated coating contains oxygen, which should add to its biodegradability. Finally, in Chapter 6 I make recommendation for future work in these areas.