段玉裁為清代乾嘉學術的代表學者，對《說文解字》研究有重大貢獻。梁啟超《清代學術概論》認為「玉裁所著書，最著者曰《說文解字注》，《六書音均表》。」學界大都把研究焦點放在《說文解字注》。然而，撰寫此書前，茂堂先撰寫《詩經小學》三十卷等書。《詩經小學》三十卷一書為茂堂較前期著述，實可了解茂堂治學之基礎。然學界對於《詩經小學》三十卷一書之研究，實寥寥可數。因此，為補充學界不足，本文以《詩經小學》三十卷一書作為主要研究對象。本文的主要研究目的有三項一，通過《詩經小學》三十卷比較段玉裁相關著述意見之異同；二，比較《詩經小學》三十卷及出土《詩經》材料；三，判斷茂堂之見是否可從。本文第二章通過《詩經小學》三十卷比較《毛詩故訓傳定本小箋》、《說文解字注》校勘意見，論證茂堂校勘方面的意見並非一成不變。茂堂所論或有可取處，或有斟酌處。第三章比較《詩經小學》三十卷及《詩經小學》四卷本文字意見，發現《詩經小學》三十卷所引石鼓文往往有可商之處。第四章通過《詩經小學》三十卷比較《六書音均表》及《說文解字注》聲韻意見，探討三書聲韻意見之異同，論述各書可取及不足之處。第五章通過《詩經小學》三十卷比較《毛詩故訓傳定本小箋》、《說文解字注》訓詁意見之分歧，探討《詩經小學》三十卷一書於釋詞方面的特色。第六章比較《詩經小學》三十卷及出土《詩經》材料，分辨可取及值得斟酌之意見。最後總結《詩經小學》三十卷在段學及《詩經》學上的意義及該書不足之處。=Being one of the eminent scholars of The Qian Jia School (Qian Jia xuepai 乾嘉學派) in the Qing Dynasty, Duan Yuchai (1735-1815) makes significant contribution to the study of Shuowen jiezi (Explaining single-component graphs and analysing compound characters) and his work was highly praised by his contemporaries. Liang Qichao in his Qingdai Xueshu Gailun (Introduction to the Intellectual Trends in the Qing Period) states that “the two important books written by Yuchai are Shuowen jiezi Zhu (The Annotation on Shuowen jiezi) and Liu-shu Yin-yün Biao (The Study of the Six Categories of the Formation of traditional Chinese characters and Palaeographic Phonology). Modern scholars pay more attention to the study of Shuowen jiezi Zhu. However, Duan Yuchai first basically completed the writing of the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue prior to the completion of the work Shuowen jiezi Zhu. Duan Yuchai wrote the the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue during the early stage of his research on classical and etymological studies. By looking into this work, we can have a better understanding of Duan’s fundamental studies on the above-mentioned areas. To date, little research has been done on the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue. Therefore, this thesis focuses on the study of the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue. There are three aims of this thesis: First, compare the similarities and the differences in terms of Duan’s palaeological principles through the study of the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue; second, compare the palaeological findings between the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue and the excavated texts of Shijing; third, criticizing Duan’s theories to see whether his point of view can be applied in our research. This thesis consists of seven chapters. Chapter One is the Introduction. By studying Mao Shi Gu Xun Chuan Ding Ben Xiao Jian and Shuowen jiezi zhu with reference to the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue. Chapter Two demonstrates that Duan showed his flexibility in textual problem solving. The study of Duan’s principles on textual criticism is used for our further discussion. Chapter Three shows that the Stone Drum Inscriptions quoted in the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue require further investigation by comparing the Inscriptions used in the four and the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue. Chapter Four discusses the similarities and the differences of the three books, namely the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue, Liu-shu Yin-yün Piao and Shuowen jiezi zhu in terms of Duan’s perspectives on phonology. Chapter Five compares Duan’s views on Chinese semantics in Mao Shi Gu Xun Chuan Ding Ben Xiao Jian and Shuowen jiezi zhu with reference to the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue, exploring Duan interpreted traditional Chinese lexicons in the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue. Chapter Six distinguishes whether the theories are applicable or need further consideration by comparing the palaeological data between the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue and the excavated texts of Shijing. Chapter Seven points out the significance and shortcomings of Duan’s the thirty volumes of Shijing Xiaoxue and its value on the study of Shijing.