The Anglo-Confederate mercantile house of Fraser, Trenholm and Company played an important, even vital role in the Confederate war effort. Recognizing its inferiority to the North in terms of manufacturing facilities, capital, and foreign trade, the Southern Confederacy relied upon British commercial interests and an ideology of free trade to overcome this disadvantage. Fraser, Trenholm and Company was a driving force in the formulation of this unique alliance between the Confederate government and private British business interests. The wartime experience of Fraser, Trenholm and Company illustrates the fundamental flaws in Confederate financial policy. The blockade running trade, the outward manifestation of the Anglo-Confederate alliance, although successful, could not be controlled by the Confederacy, and the free trade ideology prevented reform of the trade until it was too late. / Department of History

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Universität, Regensburg, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.

Zugl.: Bonn, Univ., Diss., 2007/08.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-07T19:21:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-04-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-03-07T19:23:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000858249.pdf: 1775322 bytes, checksum: e84a86478f776ccbee216c45a0068cc2 (MD5) / Os estudos desenvolvidos pelos defensores da Revolução do Armamento Raiado, da Revolução Militar e da Revolução em assuntos Militares, surgidos em diferentes momentos do século XX, conceberam a idéia de que a tecnologia seria um fator chave na transformação acelerada da guerra. Acreditamos, todavia, que embora a guerra se transforme ela não o faz de maneira acelerada, mas sim lenta e gradual, num processo evolutivo, e que esta transformação independe da tecnologia. A Guerra Civil Americana, aqui abordada como estudo de caso, pode nos revelar, por meio das fontes primárias, que muitos dos adeptos daquelas três idéias de revolução se equivocaram em sua apressada apreciação deste conflito, pois os homens e mulheres que lutaram na Guerra Civil o fizeram de maneira que nos lembra muito mais as táticas dos séculos XVII e XVIII do que uma possível nova forma de guerra, a guerra moderna da era industrial / Studies made by the defenders of the Arms Raiado Revolution, Military Revolution and the Revolution in Military Affairs, arising at different times of the twentieth century, conceived the idea that technology would be a key factor in the rapid transformation of the war. We believe, however, that although the war becomes she does not accelerated way, but slowly and gradually, in an evolutionary process, and that this transformation is independent of technology. The American Civil War, addressed here as a case study, can reveal, through primary sources, many of the supporters of those three revolution of ideas were wrong in their hasty assessment of this conflict, for men and women who fought in the Civil War did so much that reminds us the tactics of seventeenth and eighteenth centuries than a possible new form of warfare, the modern warfare of the industrial age / Los estudios realizados por los defensores de la Revolución Raiado armas, Revolución Militar y la Revolución en los Asuntos Militares, que surgen en diferentes momentos del siglo XX, concibió la idea de que la tecnología podría ser un factor clave en la rápida transformación de la guerra. Creemos, sin embargo, que aunque la guerra se convierte en ella no se aceleró manera, pero lentamente y poco a poco, en un proceso evolutivo, y que esta transformación es independiente de la tecnología. La Guerra Civil Americana, se dirigió aquí como un estudio de caso, puede revelar, a través de fuentes primarias, muchos de los partidarios de los tres revolución de ideas se equivocaron en su evaluación apresurada de este conflicto, para los hombres y mujeres que lucharon en la Guerra Civil tanto hizo que nos recuerda las tácticas de los siglos XVII y XVIII que una posible nueva forma de guerra, la guerra moderna de la era industrial

Orientador: Hector Luis Saint-Pierre / Banca: Samuel Alves Soares / Banca: Marcos Sorrilha Pinheiro / Banca: Eduardo Munhoz Svartman / Banca: José Miguel Arias Neto / Resumo: Os estudos desenvolvidos pelos defensores da Revolução do Armamento Raiado, da Revolução Militar e da Revolução em assuntos Militares, surgidos em diferentes momentos do século XX, conceberam a idéia de que a tecnologia seria um fator chave na transformação acelerada da guerra. Acreditamos, todavia, que embora a guerra se transforme ela não o faz de maneira acelerada, mas sim lenta e gradual, num processo evolutivo, e que esta transformação independe da tecnologia. A Guerra Civil Americana, aqui abordada como estudo de caso, pode nos revelar, por meio das fontes primárias, que muitos dos adeptos daquelas três idéias de revolução se equivocaram em sua apressada apreciação deste conflito, pois os homens e mulheres que lutaram na Guerra Civil o fizeram de maneira que nos lembra muito mais as táticas dos séculos XVII e XVIII do que uma possível nova forma de guerra, a "guerra moderna" da era industrial / Abstract: Studies made by the defenders of the Arms Raiado Revolution, Military Revolution and the Revolution in Military Affairs, arising at different times of the twentieth century, conceived the idea that technology would be a key factor in the rapid transformation of the war. We believe, however, that although the war becomes she does not accelerated way, but slowly and gradually, in an evolutionary process, and that this transformation is independent of technology. The American Civil War, addressed here as a case study, can reveal, through primary sources, many of the supporters of those three revolution of ideas were wrong in their hasty assessment of this conflict, for men and women who fought in the Civil War did so much that reminds us the tactics of seventeenth and eighteenth centuries than a possible new form of warfare, the "modern warfare" of the industrial age / Resumen: Los estudios realizados por los defensores de la Revolución Raiado armas, Revolución Militar y la Revolución en los Asuntos Militares, que surgen en diferentes momentos del siglo XX, concibió la idea de que la tecnología podría ser un factor clave en la rápida transformación de la guerra. Creemos, sin embargo, que aunque la guerra se convierte en ella no se aceleró manera, pero lentamente y poco a poco, en un proceso evolutivo, y que esta transformación es independiente de la tecnología. La Guerra Civil Americana, se dirigió aquí como un estudio de caso, puede revelar, a través de fuentes primarias, muchos de los partidarios de los tres revolución de ideas se equivocaron en su evaluación apresurada de este conflicto, para los hombres y mujeres que lucharon en la Guerra Civil tanto hizo que nos recuerda las tácticas de los siglos XVII y XVIII que una posible nueva forma de guerra, la "guerra moderna" de la era industrial / Doutor

Although the occurrence of wars between states has been in decline, the same cannot be said of conflict within states – especially when considering the innumerable ‘Civil Wars’ said to have occurred since the end of the Cold War. In this context the use of the word ‘innumerable’ is qualified more by the variance in how ‘Civil War’ is understood as a concept (leading to different claims as to how many conflicts of this kind may have occurred over a period of time) and less by their large number. Claims regarding the occurrence of ‘Civil War’ suggest this type of conflict to be the dominant form at least since the end of World War Two. This prevalence in the face of a decline in inter-state warfare has afforded greater interest to ‘Civil War’ as a topic of inquiry. The understanding that ‘Civil Wars’ have with time increased in their occurrence and changed in their nature comes under investigation in this thesis and is seen as problematic in that the means by which a phenomenon is measured (i.e. through its nature) must be fixed so as to measure the frequency of that phenomenon. Using Social Constructivism as a theoretical lens of inquiry, sense is made of this understanding and, furthermore, the true meaning behind the claim that ‘Civil War’ has changed is revealed. The empirical evidence that accompanies this theoretical work exists in the American Civil War of 1861–1865 and the debate over the conflict in Iraq following the U.S. invasion in 2003. This debate is used as a means by which to bring the contestation over the notion of ‘Civil War’ to the fore, while a comparison of this conflict with the quintessential American Civil War reveals the migration of the term.

Many books have been written on the battles of the Civil War. Most of these deal only with engagements between the armies; little has been written concerning the Confederate Navy. Yet the struggles of the Confederate Navy cannot be overlooked in determining why, after so many victorious battles in the field, the Confederacy still failed to defeat the Union.

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