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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:16:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sonia Bonduki.pdf: 1368571 bytes, checksum: 5c8014cd2991770ffe635484dc07c3a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-04 / Erasmus Darwin (1731-1803) was a doctor, botanist, philosopher, inventor and poet. A closer look into his life and work unveils an active 18th-century English man of science, who had a significant role in the foundation of learned societies, such as Birmingham s Lunar Society. Mostly known in the present time as Charles Darwin and Francis Galton s grandfather, he was eventually attributed some anticipations of the former s ideas on evolution. However, Zoonomia was written to introduce the foundations of medical theory and practice to colleagues. According to Darwin, the laws of organic life corresponded to the operation of the faculties of the principle of motions, which he named as spirit of animation. Having resource to some of the ideas most prevalent in his time, he listed such faculties as being four: irritation, sensitivity, sensitivity, volition, and association. Consistently, in his nosology, Darwin applied Carl von Linné´s botanical taxonomy to those faculties to formulate a rational classification of disease, which could also serve as a therapeutic guide / Erasmus Darwin (1731-1803) foi médico, botânico, filósofo, inventor e poeta. Ao se estudar mais profundamente sua vida e sua obra, encontra-se um ativo homem de ciência na Inglaterra do século XVIII, tendo, inclusive, participado da fundação de sociedades de estudiosos, tais como a Lunar Society de Birmingham. Atualmente mais conhecido por ter sido o avô de Charles Darwin e Francis Galton, chegou-se, inclusive, a se atribuir a ele uma antecipação das ideias evolucionistas do primeiro. No entanto, Zoonomia é uma obra destinada a apresentar os fundamentos da teoria e da prática da medicina aos seus colegas. De acordo com Darwin, as leis da vida orgânica se resumem à operação das faculdades do princípio de movimento, que chama de espírito de animação e, com base nas ideias prevalentes na época, reduz à irritação, à sensação, à vontade e à associação. Na sua nosologia, aplica a taxonomia botânica de Carl Von Linné a essas faculdades, de modo a apresentar uma classificação racional das doenças que, ao mesmo tempo, serve como base à terapêutica

Collecting recipes was an established tradition that continued in elite English households throughout the eighteenth century. This thesis is on medical recipes and advice, and it addresses the evolution of recipe collecting from the seventeenth century and throughout the eighteenth century. It investigates elite domestic medicine within a cultural history of medicine framework and uses social and material history approaches to reveal why elites continued to collect medical recipes, given the commercialisation of medicine. This thesis contends that the meaning of domestic medicine must be understood within a wider context of elite healthcare in order to appreciate how the recipe collecting tradition evolved alongside cultural shifts, and shifts within the medical economy. My re-appraisal of the meaning of domestic medicine gives elite healthcare a clearer role within the narrative of the social history of medicine. Elite healthcare was about choice. Wealthy individuals had economic agency in consumerism, and recipe compilers interacted with new sources of information and products; recipe books are evidence of this consumer engagement. In addition to being household objects, recipe books had cultural significance as heirlooms, and as objects of literacy, authority, and creativity. A crucial reason for the continuation of the recipe collecting tradition was due to its continued engagement with cultural attitudes towards social obligation, knowledge exchange, taste, and sociability as an intellectual pursuit. Positioning the household as an important space of creativity, experiment, and innovation, this thesis reinforces domestic medicine as an important part of the interconnected histories of science and medicine. This thesis moreover contributes to the social history of eighteenth-century England by demonstrating the central role domestic medicine had in elite healthcare, and reveals the elite reception of the commercialisation of medicine from a consumer perspective through an investigation of personal records of intellectual pastimes and patient experiences.