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Under the conditions of this study, the following conclusions seemed justified: 1. Cud inoculations did not improve rate of growth or efficiency of feed utilization in calves through four months of age. Consumption of hay was not materially increased by cud inoculations. 2. Thus. it is concluded that cud inoculation is of no economic value under practical calf raising conditions. 3. Calves restricted in grain feeding did consume more hay than unrestricted calves; however, the increase was not great. Efficiency of feed utilization, as measured by the pounds of T. D. N. consumed per pound of gain was essentially the same for calves on a grain:hay ratio of 1:2 (restricted grain feeding) as those on a 1:1 grain:hay ratio (unrestricted grain feeding). 4. Skeletal growth, as determined by height at withers, was adversely affected by restriction or grain in the feeding program. 5. Calves fed one pound of whole milk per ten pounds of body weight daily up to 60 days of age, and a simple grain ration made satisfactory growth when grain was fed free choice (with a four-pound daily maximum) and hay of average or better quality was fed free choice. 6. Thus, it is indicated that a substantial monetary saving in the raising of herd replacements may be affected by the use of a simple grain ration instead of high-priced commercial calf mixtures. / Master of Science

The purposes of this investigation which was conducted from September 1954 through October 1955, were (1) to determine the differences in available nutrients in selected deer browse species growing on different soils, (2) to investigate the variations in available soil nutrients as they may relate to chemical composition of selected deer browse species, and (3) to determine the variations in available nutrients in the selected browse species during different seasons of the year. The current year’s growth of twigs from flowering dogwood (Cornus florida), black locust (Robina pseudoacacia), and red maple (Acer rubrum) were collected at two-month intervals on study areas whose soils had arisen from either Brallier, Clinton, Huntersville chert, or Martinsburg shale geological formations. A proximate analysis was run on each browse collection. In addition to the above three species, rhododendron (Rhododendron maximum) and buffalo nut (Pyrularia pubera) were collected from the Brallier study area and analyzed. One-third of the samples of dogwood, locust, and maple that were collected after leaf fall in October 1955, were analyzed for calcium, phosphorus, cobalt, and manganese. Soil samples were collected on each area and analyzed by a flame spectrophotometer, LeMotte Soil Testing Outfit, and a rapid method. The soil which arose from the Brallier study area was lowest in value for phosphorous and second highest in values for total exchangeable cations and organic matter. The Clinton study area values were second highest in pH, phosphorous, and base saturation, and was highest in organic matter and manganese content. The chert values were the next lowest for phosphorus and lowest for pH, calcium, total exchangeable cations, and base saturation. The shale study area soil gave the highest values for pH, calcium, phosphorous, base saturation, and total exchangeable cations although it was lowest in organic matter. Of the three browse species collected from all the study areas, dogwood was generally high in moisture content, ether extract, ash, and nitrogen-free extract while being average in protein and low in crude fiber. Locust was high in protein and crude fiber and low in moisture, ether extract, and nitrogen-free extract. Maple was generally high in ether extract, crude fiber, and nitrogen-free extract and low in protein and ash. Rhododendron and buffalo nut were collected from the Brallier study area only. In comparison with the other three species on that area, rhododendron was very high in moisture and nitrogen-free extract; average to low in protein, ether extract, and crude fiber; average to high in ash. Buffalo nut was very high in moisture, protein, and ash; average in ether extract and crude fiber; and low in nitrogen-free extract. Seasonal trends in nutrient values for three browse species collected in all areas were observed. Protein content rose generally during the dormant months. Moisture content decreased from June through December and was followed by a rise that lasted until June. There was a rise in ether extract from September through June whereas the level of ash content was erratic during this period. Crude fiber was fairly stable in red maple and black locust although erratic in dogwood. There was a decrease in the nitrogen-free extract during the winter. Trends and consistencies in the nutritive values of the three species collected on all study areas, based on the study area on which they occur, are generally in the order of being high or low for one or two individual species rather than for all the species, or else they are considerably erratic. The different species have different nutritive values when growing on the same soil. During April and August, the different soils have their greatest effect on the nutritive values of plants; moisture content is greatly affected by the soil, and protein content is only slightly less affected. Except for the months of February and August, at least three of the six nutritive qualities of the plants were affected by the interaction between the plant and the soil. Analyses for minor elements reveal that black locust had the highest phosphorous and cobalt content; dogwood had the highest calcium content; red maple had the highest manganese content. On three of the four study areas, the manganese content of red maple exceeded the toxic level for bovines. On the chert area, dogwood and red maple were deficient, by bovine standards, in cobalt. / Ph. D.

A general solution has been obtained for the lateral vibrations of a simply supported beam with constant cross-section carrying a concentrated mass at the mid-point of span. The elementary beam theory including the rotatory inertia of the beam is utilized. The frequency equation involves the product of two terms, roots arising from one of these being associated with symmetric vibration modes and from the other, antisymetric modes. The effect of the rotatory inertia of the beam on the roots of the frequency equations and on the normal mode shapes is investigated. The roots of ~he frequency equations are determined for the first ten modes for wide ranges of values of the significant parameters. These numerical results are depicted in tables and graphs. A study is made of the limiting values of the frequency roots for extreme values of the parameters. / Master of Science

The design solution for this thesis seemed to present more than the usual amount of difficulty. The first and one of the most difficult problems was of course the ever present enigma of designing a contemporary church which would "look like a church”. The author has never felt that a cross attached to the outside is sufficient to designate a building as a church. It seems also to be an expensive way of admitting defeat to resort to a romantic recall solution for appeal: to build arches which are hung from steel; to filing buttresses into the sky when the building is tied together with a rigid frame; to hang a stone veneer on a steel column. The question resolves into one obtaining through character and proportion and with simple materials and simple masses a tone of dignity or inspiration. In this solution the author has tried to use the structure as a visual feature; to use romantic recall only insofar as it honestly' serves a purpose. The exposed rigid frames (usually hidden) are to the modern church what the ribbed vault was to the gothic. The author believes that if they have looked cold at times it has too often been the fault of proportion or workmanship and not material or idea. The second major problem was that of relationships of the various parts. The problem of grouping the different elements so that worship, educational and social functions of the building best served the needs of the church was not an easy one. The author has chosen to express a "sanctuary in space" around which the essential elements could be wrapped to exclude the workaday world. The third and most difficult problem was the arrangement of the chancel. This area has seldom been solved successfully due primarily to economic considerations, and yet to save money at this, the focal point of the whole church plant, seems a false economy indeed. The semi-circular solution used in this thesis appears to answer all of the functional requirements in a satisfactory manner while at the same time giving a sense of depth to this important area. Majesty and reverence should be expressed in the Protestant Church and these qualities should not be confused with the undesired qualities of pomp, ceremony or unattainability. The remainder of the design of the church involved mainly space and circulation problems. The materials have been kept simple for the sake of the economy. Although the problem has been very complex, and was undertaken under difficult working conditions (working in absentia) the author feels that he has profited greatly by this exercise. It is his hope that by having gone through this additional period of study something has been gained which will allow him to do more credible work in his profession, for it is the unknown and unacclaimed men working silently who will do most to raise the general level of architecture. / Master of Science

no abstract provided by author / Master of Science

no abstract provided by author / Master of Science

no abstract provided by author / Master of Science

no abstract provided by author / Master of Science

Three commercially prepared rumen cultures and fresh rumen liquor were compared to determine their effect on the rate of gain and efficiency of feed utilization of a) twenty-four steer calves, b) twenty-four two-year old steers in pasture, and c) twelve weanling lambs. Two of the cultures were prepared from the rumen contents of fast and slow gaining steers from experimental feeding tests, the other was a commercial product marketed under the trade name of Ruzyme. / Master of Science