The thesis describes the consistent thematic use of and the steady artistic development in the Christian myth as it appears in William Faulkner's novels. Although I concentrate on the use of Biblical allusions, other mythical references are examined when they become a part of the pattern described, as in Soldier's Pay and The Sound and the Fury. A Fable is examined first because its explicit allegorical use of the myth clearly indicates the direction Faulkner takes in the earlier stages of his artistry. It presents the fundamental conflict between "Authority," which would shape man in its own image, and the corporal-Christ's belief in the primacy of the whole being unconstrained by ideology. Such belief is "capable of containing all of time and all of man” in one unutterable vision. In order to emphasize Faulkner's development toward this articulation of the-myth, I analyze his "apprentice works," Soldier's Pay, Mosquitoes, and Sartoris, and then the later novels in which the myth is a primary element, The Sound and the Fury and Light in August. Each of these novels rejections institutions which repress man's self-expression and contains a movement toward the "timeless moment" of a vision of the essential wholeness of life. In Soldier's Pay that moment occurs amidst the sterility and fragmentation that society has instilled into Donald Mahon. At the end of the novel, the Negro church service overwhelms Joe Gilligan and Rector Mahon with its effusion of a perfect conjunction of life's elements, "sweat,...sex and death and damnation," and it enables them to experience their own profound humanity. Mosquitoes juxtaposes the superficiality and impotence aboard the Nausikaa with Fairchild's comprehension of the same primary unity of "the hackneyed accidents which make up this world." Sartoris portrays Bayard's rejection of life because of his inability to fuse his family tra- dition with the meaninglessness of his own war experiences. Then, foreshadowing the rebirth motif in Light in August, Bayard dies on the day his son is born; but his wife rejects the Sartoris tradition by naming the child Benbow Sartoris, thus uniting the placidity of her own life as a Benbow with the energy of the Sartorises. In The Sound and the Fury and Light in August, both poles of the conflict are expressed in terms of the Christian myth. The Compson narrators all have rigid perceptual frameworks which are linked with a view of Christianity as an oppressive ideology. In contrast, Dilsey's experience in the Easter service is an expression of the acceptance of the whole man which allows one to see the integrity of life and is timeless because it subsumes all of time, "de beginnin’ en de endin,'” into an instant of perception. Light in August deals with society's imposition of its definitions on individuals and Joe, like Christ, is martyred because his life is perceived as a threat to its pattern of order. Then, in the conjunction of Joe's death with the birth of Lena's baby, one sees a union of the suffering brought by "evil" and the ecstasy of creation. Both poles, nativity and crucifixion, are part of the Christian myth; both are part of life itself and when conjoined, bring a comprehension of the divinity of life experienced in its wholeness. Thus, in Faulkner's works, the Christian myth becomes, in Mark Schorer's words, "a large controlling image...which gives philosophical meaning to the facts of ordinary life." The thematic consistency with which the myth is used underscores that meaning. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

胡適是在「傳統中國」走向「現代中國」關鍵時期「始終活躍在思想界的中心人物」，更是被公認為整個中國歷史上「繼往開來的一位啓蒙大師」。本文研究1891至1917年間胡適的「國家」概念。研究從指出他在這個時間段三個不同時間點的故事中關於國家概念論述的差異性出發，首先追問的便是各種指稱國家的語詞與實體國家之間是否可以具有內在統一性的問題。於是在第一章中，本文圍繞故事一與故事三中胡適用詞與用句的特點進行了文本分析，闡明它們背後所代表的意義，並進一步將與兩個故事存在密切關聯的相關概念分別做了比較研究。總體來看，得到的結論有兩點：1.一個語詞在同時代的不同個體理解下存在差異;2.一個個體也會經常修正自己的語詞使用，從而導致同一語詞在不同的時間點可能代表著不同的含義。這就為我們理解語詞與事物的關係提出了挑戰--究竟我們能不能談論所用的語詞來指稱某個對象時具有正確性？漢斯-格奧爾格伽達默爾（Hans-Georg Gadamer）在《真理與方法》（Truth and Method）第三部份「以語言為主線的詮釋學本體論轉向」中的理論架構，為擺脫這個困境提供了很好的論證途徑。通過關於上帝語言的討論來承接古希臘的邏各斯與語言現象中的概念構成，伽達默爾意在指出，只有語詞的使用才是有正確與錯誤之分的，而語詞本身都是正確的、「合適」的。於是，接下去的問題便是為何個人在使用語詞上會出現偏差？對偏差的修正又是如何可能發生的？第二章便是通過對於胡適案例中三個故事的詳細展開，將胡適的國家概念呈現為是一種連續不斷地圍繞著一個個具體的事件來回展開思辨的過程。這個概念構成的過程，是在伴隨著胡適對於自己舊有概念不停再檢驗的同時，慢慢深化與拓展的。而伽達默爾在世界經驗的思辨結構中所指出的事件性與創造性，為我們理解這樣的國家概念提供了理論幫助。最後，本文採用「民族國家認同」的角度來系統性地整合第一、二章中對於國家概念的兩種歷史性的追溯方法。概括來說，政治參與作為一種世界經驗，能促使具有特殊性意味的歷史文化認同發生反思，並進而與發現的具有普遍性意味的政治認同進行調和。也正是由於要突出思辨的過程性質，不同於以往對於胡適政治觀的普遍認識，本文指出留美時期的胡適更多意義上體現的是一種「共和派的愛國主義」。就這點而言，胡適案例意在表明，思想史的研究需要盡力在歷史環境中恢復概念思想者在過去、現在與將來之間複雜的應用過程，從而讓歷史學免於成為哲學或是文學。Abstract This study is to investigate Hu Shi's usage of words and their meanings referring to guojia from his first-hand historical materials during 1891-1917. In order to deal with the discovery of inconsistency in terms of Hu Shi's usage of words and understandings of guojia in his three stories at different points of time, also in his formation and transformation of the concept of guojia over the period, this study has constructed a theoretical framework based on Hans-Georg Gadamer's ontological reflection on the relationship between concept and object from his philosophical hermeneutics. After doing textual analyses and comparative studies on two of the three stories about Hu's understandings of guojia respectively in Chapter One, Chapter Two tries to bring to attention the significance of the processual and creative elements in Hu's concept formation by showing the link between the disintegration of his former ideas and reconstruction of his new understandings, with what he has experienced in Shanghai and the United States recorded in the first-hand historical materials. The study finally examines his thoughts on the legitimacy of guojia, especially pointing out his political participation in the United States, to demonstrate the possibility to reconcile the tension between cultural specificity and political universality on the issue of national identity.

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This study was an attempt to contribute to price knowledge in the beef cattle sector of the livestock economy. More specifically the objectives were (1) to determine the most important variables affecting prices of fed cattle in the short run, (2) to establish the relationship between the important independent variables and prices of fed cattle, and (3) to develop methods for incorporating the relationships into meaningful short-run predictions of fed cattle prices. Both the general model formulation decision making process and the specific decisions made in formulating the short-run economic model of the fed beef sector of the economy were described. Exploratory work was done in developing both quarterly and monthly economic models. Various time lags and alternative algebraic variable forms were investigated. Consideration was given to both seasonally and non-seasonally adjusted data. A model using three seasonally adjusted variables was postulated to explain the variation in seasonally adjusted monthly fed cattle prices (R² = .9955). A detailed statistical analysis was made to establish confidence in the validity of the estimating equation. In order to make forecasts from the final estimating equation, the independent variables must be estimated. Work was initiated to develop procedures for forecasting the independent variables. This work showed promise for future use but additional refinement and an investigation of estimates for longer time periods are needed. It is expected that the research developed in this thesis will serve as a basis for more research in short-run price forecasting. / Master of Science

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M.A. / With the exception of the Western Sahara, Eritrea was the only African country to have been permanently occupied by another African country after the Second World War, when the concept of self-determination had been widely recognised and accepted. Despite the illegality of the Ethiopian annexation, the conflict in Eritrea was largely under-reported in the Western media, especially in the 70s and 80s. There were also few protests from the international community, especially African states and their leaders, many of whom viewed the conflict in Eritrea as a secessionist problem. The Organisation of African Unity was founded in Addis Ababa in 1963 and Ethiopia had a particularly prestigious position in Africa. During three decades the Eritrean nationalists conducted a war of liberation with no parallel in Africa and one which can only been compared to the Vietnamese struggle against French and American domination. The war in Eritrea was a protracted conflict that involved many thousands of soldiers, foreign military advisors and heavy military equipment on the Ethiopian side and a much smaller fighting force on the Eritrean side, which only had the support of the civilian population. This mini-thesis looks into those socio-economic aspects that enabled Eritrea's most efficient and resilient liberation front, the Eritrean People's Liberation Front, EPLF, to mobilise the Eritrean population around the goal of national liberation. The study pays particular attention to how the EPLF obtained the highest degree of participation from the civilian population and how it maximised all available resources to fight the Ethiopian occupation forces.

This study explores the nature and extent of Sherwood Anderson's influence upon William Faulkner. It demonstrates, through the use of the comparative method, that Anderson's influence is a major and continuous one. The early New Orlean Sketches strongly echo and, at times, imitate Anderson's work. Faulkner's first novel, Soldiers' Pay, was not only written at Anderson's suggestion but also published through his influence. In Mosquitoes, Faulkner closely modeled his main character after Anderson. Anderson helped Faulkner to organize some of the "folk" material in that novel. Faulkner's early use of negro characters to embody a kind of sane, healthy alternative to the world of the whites may well have been encouraged by Anderson's example. Furthermore, Anderson played an important role, at a crucial period In Faulkner's development, in directing him to the fictional use of the Yoknapatawpha material. He led Faulkner to realize that universality in art could grow out of regional material. Faulkner's sense of community and his exploration of the individual's search for community so closely resemble Anderson's as to suggest some indebtedness. Faulkner's dramatization of the effects of the destruction of that community by the forces of modern commerce and industry is rendered in terms similar to Anderson's. Also, Faulkner's creation of an idyllic, rural world in contrast to the mechanistic, urban world resembles that in Anderson's stories of horses and men. And Faulkner uses Anderson's idea that the world of horses is a totally male world elsewhere in his fiction. There is a strong resemblance, finally, in Faulkner's and Anderson's concept of the grotesque: for both, it concerns truth and its consequences in the individual's Isolation and behaviour. In fact, it is argued that Anderson's "theory of the grotesque" provides a rationale for the larger structure of some of Faulkner's most important work. For these reasons, it is concluded that Anderson was an important force in shaping the form and content of Faulkner's art. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

The main objective of this thesis is to estimate and evaluate the impact of the Egyptian petroleum sector on the Egyptian economy during the period 1962-1982 within both micro and macro-economic approaches. On the basis of the empirical findings of the study, the oil sector comes out fairly well as a good leading sector in the Egyptian economy. The study has also revealed that the domestic consumption of oil has dramatically increased at a high rate of growth as well as the oil production/reserves ratio is relatively high in Egypt comparing to a country which has a huge amount of oil reserves. Considering the above three facts, Egypt can face the following problems: 1) The uncertainty of oil discovery and 2) The gains in the terms of trade are limited due to the decrease or the slight increase in oil prices. In this case, it can be anticipated not only the impact of the oil sector to fall but also Egypt can be expected to be a net oil importer in the very near future. Therefore, the study has investigated both oil demand and oil supply sides in Egypt in order to determine the main factors which affect them and which in turn affect the role of the oil sector in the economy in an attempt to reach some policy recommendations which might help policy makers in planning and controlling petroleum activities in Egypt in such a way that their contributions can be maximized. On the basis of such investigation, it has been concluded that reconsidering the domestic pricing policy of oil in Egypt is very crucial in order to decrease and rationalize domestic oil consumption in particular the analysis of the subsidy system of petroleum products in Egypt has revealed that the system has not achieved its main goals. Examining the main determinants of oil supply in Egypt, it seems very important to intensify investment in oil exploration activities in order to secure and increase oil reserves and which in turn lead to secure oil supply. Also, it seems reasonable that the relatively optimal policy of oil production in a country at a stage of rebuilding and developing her economy such as Egypt is that policy which produces on a level sufficient to be exchanged for a financial resource and which in turn could be invested in capital formation and thus developing the basic productive sectors. Such policy is thus taking account of future generations by directing oil revenues to future welfare through investment channels.

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Errata pasted into front. Bibliography: leaves 425-440. This thesis aims to assess the impact of late nineteenth/early twentieth century science (especially neurology, psychology and physics) on Mitchell's philosophical work and trends in philosophical psychology during that period. It also aims to demonstrate the importance of Mitchell's philosophical work in the context of contemporary theories of mind and content, cognitive science and the philosophy of science and perception, to make clear the extent of Mitchell's philosophical influence on others at the time and to locate Mitchell's work in relation to other influences on philosophy in Australia.