George Cavendish’s Life and Death of Cardinal Wolsey has been loosely linked with the "Fall of Princes" tradition, but no one has analyzed this connection in depth. This thesis examines various aspects of the changing "Fall of Princes" tradition as they appear in the biography. The first chapter compares the structure and philosophy of the Life with the structure and three major philosophies of Boccaccio's De Casibus Virorum Illustrium, John Lydgate's Fall of Princes, and The Mirror for Magistrates. The second chapter determines if the adopts the purpose of the Mirror, which is to teach Tudor political philosophy. The third chapter compares the Life with Thomas Churchyard’s "Cardinal Wolsey" in relation to their point of view, plot, and main character, to demonstrate how the book surpasses this representative poem of the "Fall of Princes" tradition. The study concludes that Cavendish includes in the Life elements of all three philosophies but clings strongly to the oldest, that the uncertainty of active life should discourage man from riding on Fortune's wheel. He also teaches political philosophy, although not primarily. Most important, Cavendish wrote the biography of Wolsey with skill and sympathy, making its subject capable of tragic suffering. / M.A.

The problem of measuring deflection of spur gear teeth has been considered by several investigators. Attia (11) in 1959 measured tooth deflections using an unbonded strain gage as an extensometer. The combined deflection of the gear tooth and the gear body was measured. More than one tooth-pair was in contact during which of the arc of contact. Timoshenko and Baud (1) in 1926 and Wulker (5) in 1938 measured deflection of gear teeth using a dial indicator. Timoshenko and Baud proposed that a rigidly fired, tapered cantilever beam be used to approximate the actual tooth, and derived equations to predict deflection of that equivalent tooth. They were not specific in how the equations were to be applied. Therefore, the object of the investigation was to design, develop and fabricate equipment for accurately measuring the deflection of a single spur gear tooth loaded at any point along the line of action. A secondary objective was to propose a specific manner in which to apply the equations of Timoshenko and Baud. The test fixture designed for this investigation was used in conjunction with the load and deformation measuring circuitry of the lnstron Universal Testing Machine. The test specimens were models of the spur gear tooth machined from acrylic plastic. The test apparatus was then used to measure deflection in test specimens which simulated various tooth number combinations. It was concluded that the equations of Timoshenko and Baud give an accurate approximation of gear tooth reflection when applied as proposed. It was also concluded that the experimental data is in close agreement with the analytical and experimental work of Timoshenko and Baud, Walker, Weber (6) and Attia. It was concluded that gear tooth test specimens of acrylic plastic give accurate deflection data when properly generated, machined and tested. Finally, it was concluded that the test apparatus developed for this investigation provides deflection measurements accurately and, therefore, fulfills the object of this work. / M.S.

The Wytheville Formation, a newly recognized rock-stratigraphic unit between the Shady Dolomite and the Rome formations, is composed of carbonate rocks which range considerable in lithology between well-defined lower and upper limits. In a number of sections south of Wytheville, Wythe County, Virginia, the nature of the lithofacies is fully exemplified. The Wytheville Formation, is composed mainly of rather fine-grained, very dark-gray dolomite, much of which is characterized by white calcite and dolomite veinlets. Several distinctive types of chert and minor but conspicuous quantities of fluorite also occur in the formation. In thin section at least nine lithologies are discernible, including both equigranular and inequigranular dolomites, calcitic dolomites, magnesian limestones, micrites, pelsparites, siliceous dolomites, and impure beds ranging from silty dolomitic shales to dolomitic siltstones. Between Huddle in Wythe County and Allisonia in Pulaski County, Virginia, the Wytheville Formation includes a prominent but localized limestone lithofacies composed mainly of dark-gray micrites and light-gray pelsparites. Recognition of the Wytheville Formation will be of significance in locating bodies of underlying Shady Dolomite which is not uncommonly highly mineralized. The separate mapping of the Wytheville may therefore be of economic value. / M.S.

Ph. D.

The purpose of this investigation is the examination of the transient behavior of a single-channel queue wherein the service rate, µ, is subject to manufacturing improvement (learning). The system is analyzed through the state probabilities, P_n(t), n which describe the probability that there are n units in the system at time t. The state probabilities are computed as a function of time by numerical integration of the standard Birth-Death Equations on a digital computer in Fortran IV. To show the effects of learning on the system behavior, the problem is analyzed for various degrees of learning and the results compared with the same system in which no learning is present (µ=constant). An application of the above technique to multi-channel queues is explored and presented. / M.S.

Small precision ball bearings were vibrated for eight hour periods and coastdown was measured before and after vibration to determine fretting corrosion damage to the bearings. The load, frequency of vibration, and amplitude of vibration were each varied to determine their effects on the fretting corrosion damage. No lubrication was used on the bearings, and the test atmosphere was held constant. A bearing was mounted on each end of a weighted shaft, and the outer race of the bearing was held in a small U-shaped housing. The housing was clamped to the shaker, and the shaker produced a vertical vibration of the bearing and shaft assembly. The vibratory load and the static load both produced a radial load on the bearings. The shaft was not rotated during vibration but was not restrained from rotation. Test results showed an increase in damage accompanying an increase in either the load, the frequency, or the amplitude. Curves for damage versus load showed a rapid rise initially, a levelling tendency in the medium frequency range, and then a more rapid rise in the high frequency range. The effect of the amplitude on damage was observed to increase for increased loads. The damage generally increased at a slower rate than the increase in load. / M.S.

Herman Melville's Billy Budd is an allegorical novel which reiterates the story of Christ's redemption of man from Adam's original sin. To construct the allegory, Melville blended his plot with Biblical connotations and overtones of other religion-related sources, primarily Milton's Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained. Malville employed that characters to reaffirm God's universal law. He created the major figures in the allegorical method of dual characterization: Claggart, who represents Satan, is also a symbol of evil; Billy, a Christ figure, is also a symbol of innocence; Vere is both a representation of Pilate and a personification of obedience to human law. Billy is the Christ figure whose characteristics and actions stress his identity as the son of God and man. His ordained execution symbolizes the fulfillment of Christ's victory over Satan and the purgation of man's inherited sib. Claggart is the allegory's Satanic figure. Like the Biblical and Miltonic Satan, he suffers from rationality's enslavement by passion. This defect forces him to attempt to thwart Billy’s divine mission. Vere is the Pilate figure who condemns an innocent man to death. He is a faithful upholder of the king's law, and his allegiance requires him to order Billy's execution. The theme of atonement culminates inmediately after Claggart accuses Billy of inciting mutiny. Billy's fatal blow represents Christ's triumph over Satan. The religious allegory prevails through the execution, the counterpart of Christ's crucifixion, and Billy's symbolic ascension. / M.A.

A study was undertaken to describe the patterns of hardwood lumber production, distribution, and consumption in the Southeast. Current distribution patterns were compared with theoretically optimal patterns in an attempt to estimate the efficiency of the current distribution system. A combination mail questionnaire and telephone survey was used to gather data for the study. The linear programming transportation model was employed to develop the optimal lumber distribution patterns. It was concluded that some inefficiencies exist in the current hardwood lumber distribution patterns. Possible explanations for some of the differences between current and optimal distribution patterns were discussed. Suggestions were made to reduce some of the differences attributable to system inefficiencies. Although the study results indicated that total transportation costs could be reduced by restructuring the current distribution patterns, no conclusions regarding benefits from the cost reductions could be drawn. It was concluded that beneficiaries depend upon existing pricing policy and market structure. / M.S.

To scholars of military history, “infantrymen were the foot soldiers armed with musket or rifle;” and one authority has noted: “It was upon the infantry that the strength of the other arms of the service was based.” Such a unity was the 42nd Virginia Infantry Regiment, C.S.A. Forming one of the most elemental units of military organization, the infantry regiment was generally composed of ten companies and normally had a colonel at its head. The hierarchy of command on the company level evolved on a captain and two lieutenants. It is at the regimental level that unit histories of Virginia troops are few. Though some personal narratives of individual Virginia veterans exist, less attention has been given to the more than sixty Virginia infantry regiments in the Civil War. The histories of Piedmont and Southwestern Virginia have suffered from lack of scholarship on the subject. With this in mind, the writer has utilized all known, extant source material to recount the personal and military exploits of a fairly typical infantry unit. The study concerns itself with regimental activities from organization in 1861 through surrender in 1865. The 42nd Virginia participated in nearly every major battle fought in Virginia and served under three of the most outstanding Confederate commanders: Gens. Robert E. Lee, Thomas J. Jackson and Jubal A. Early. By no means a “model” regiment, the 42nd Virginia did offer unstinting and dependable service to the Confederate cause. Gallantry and selfless behavior at Kernstown, Second Manassas and Chancellorsville are evidence of its devotion. / M.A.

Ph. D.