Ce mémoire porte sur l’image de la nature chez Gabrielle Roy, plus spécifiquement dans ses œuvres Alexandre Chenevert [1954], La Montagne secrète [1961] et Le Temps qui m’a manqué [1997]. Il cherche notamment à comprendre le rapport que les personnages entretiennent avec la nature – et son paysage –, cette dernière se présentant parfois comme une entité révélatrice. Cette étude vise donc à saisir dans quelles circonstances elle parvient à révéler le connu et l’inconnu de la vie aux protagonistes et à dégager les répercussions de ce nouveau savoir sur eux. C’est en s’appuyant notamment sur une approche phénoménologique du paysage (Michel Collot et Maurice Merleau-Ponty) et sur les récents travaux de chercheurs dans la sphère de l’écopoétique (Sara Buekens, Pierre Schoentjes et Julien Desrochers) que ce mémoire tentera de trouver une réponse à cette question. Le présent travail de recherche procède à l’analyse concomitante de trois personnages dans trois œuvres de Gabrielle Roy, souhaitant ainsi mettre en relief un même processus transfigurateur mis en branle par une herméneutique du paysage. / This master’s thesis examines the image of nature in Gabrielle Roy’s work, specifically in Alexandre Chenevert [1954], La Montagne secrète [1961] and Le Temps qui m’a manqué [1997]. More precisely, it seeks to understand the relationship that the characters have with nature – and its landscape –, the latter sometimes presenting itself as a revealing entity. This study therefore aims to grasp the circumstances in which it succeeds in revealing the knownand the unknown of life to the protagonists and to identify the repercussions of this newknowledge on them. This master’s thesis will attempt to answer this question by drawing ona phenomenological approach to landscape (Michel Collot and Maurice Merleau-Ponty) and on the recent work of researchers in the field of ecopoetics (Sara Buekens, Pierre Schoentjesand Julien Desrochers). The present research work proceeds to the concomitant analysis of three characters in three works of Gabrielle Roy, thus wishing to highlight the same transfiguring process set in motion by a landscape hermeneutic.

No description available.

This study was concerned with the founding and development of the Adult Education Association of Virginia (AEAV). The principal objectives of the study were to describe the organizational structure of AEAV; examine AEAV’s financial status at selected intervals; appraise the leadership and membership of AEAV; relate AEAV programs and activities to social, economic, and political trends; and explain the relationship of AEAV to other adult education organizations. Sources of information were documents located in the official files of AEAV and the Adult Education Association of the United States of America (AEA/USA), to include minutes, correspondence, financial reports, membership lists, promotional brochures, and newsletters. Information was also collected from newspapers and personal interviews with individuals. Persons interviewed were questioned about events or activities in which they had participated or about which they had specialized knowledge, an approach that did not lend itself to the use of a standard data collection instrument. Following a series of postwar meetings sponsored by the University of Virginia, adult educators gathered in October, 1951, in Richmond, Virginia, and organized AF.AV. From the beginning, AEAV’s principal instrument of program activities was its annual conferences. Regional conferences were used to publicize AEAV programs and to promote adult education. Contact with the membership between conferences was maintained by periodic issues of a newsletter. Operating funds were derived from membership fees, annual conferences, rebates from AEA/USA, and subsidies from state institutions. Membership was never large but, except for women and minorities, it was representative of Virginia adult education activities. Recently, membership composition has changed and it now consists mostly of adult educators representing colleges and universities. AEAV members have chosen to ignore social, economic, and political forces and to concentrate their efforts on the technical aspects of adult education. In spite of a parochial approach to national issues, AEAV has good relations with other adult education organizations. As AEAV entered its fourth decade, members were considering a reorganization to broaden the membership base and to align the organizational structure more closely to that of the national association. Recommendations for further study concerned investigations of other adult education organizations. / Ed. D.

Neither practitioners nor academics in the field of public administration have agreed upon a satisfactory definition of administrative law. To help explain this present-day confusion, conceptual history of administrative law is presented. This history, which stresses how administrative law has been perceived, is divided into three major periods: 1893-1913, 1933-1946, and 1946 to the present. The definition is found to have began as the tripartite view of delegation of legislative authority, exercise of legislative authority, and judicial review, which later changed to a concern for the discretionary component of administrative law; the present-day definition includes substantive law. Because the New Deal era was critical in codifying administrative law and in setting the stage for the changes which followed, the New Deal and post New Deal years are examined closely. The work of Robert Jackson, who served as Solicitor General and then Attorney General under President Franklin Roosevelt, and then as Associate Justice of the Supreme Court from 1941 to his death in 1954, is used as the focal point for the examination. Jackson's work as government attorney had considerable impact on the field of administrative law, especially in his influence on the veto of the Walter Logan bill and the Attorney General's Committee on Administrative Procedure. His work as a Justice had less impact; most of his notable opinions are in dissent and have yet to be affirmed by the Court. The dissertation concludes with a discussion of Jackson's views of administrative law, the necessary components to a definition of administrative law, and the importance of accepting such components for methods of teaching public administration. / Ph. D.

No description available.

Cette recherche a pour objectif d'évaluer l'aptitude à la fabrication de panneaux gaufrés du bois des mélèzes laricin, d'Europe et du Japon de plantation au Québec. Pour y arriver, des panneaux ont été confectionnés en laboratoire selon un dispositif factoriel ayant comme variables: l'espèce utilisée, la teneur en humidité et en liant des particules, la densité de l'aggloméré et la durée de chauffage du cycle de pressage. Une description du potentiel forestier des mélèzes ainsi que de la technologie de fabrication des panneaux gaufrés précèdent une brève analyse des antécédents du bois de mélèze en ce domaine. Les chapitres suivants sont consacrés à la récolte des bois, à la préparation et à l'analyse du matériau particulaire ainsi qu'à la fabrication et la mise à l'essai des agglomérés produits en laboratoire. La présentation et l'analyse des résultats obtenus font l'objet du dernier chapitre. L'ouvrage se termine en dressant les principales conclusions à tirer de l'étude. Les plaquettes, de 0,76 mm d'épaisseur et 38 mm de longueur, ont été préparées à l'aide d'une fragmenteuse à anneau porte-couteau de laboratoire. A la suite du séchage et du tamisage du matériel, des agglomérés de 11,1 mm d'épaisseur ont été produits entre les plateaux d'une presse hydraulique sous une pression de 3,5 à 5,0 MPa et une température de 210°C. Des éprouvettes ont été prélevées et soumises à des essais normalisés à la suite d'une climatisation d'un mois. L'analyse des résultats a pu établir qu'à l'intérieur des conditions expérimentales, un bois de mélèze d'environ 400 kg/m³ produit un excellent aggloméré en utilisant: une teneur en humidité et en liant de l'ébauche de 5% et 2% respectivement, une durée de chauffage de 3 min et une densité de l'aggloméré de 600 kg/m³. Cette étude n'est pas une étude exhaustive des aptitudes des bois de mélèze à la fabrication de panneaux gaufrés. Cependant, elle a permis d'établir, sans équivoque, que les mélèzes laricin, d'Europe et du Japon peuvent produire d'excellents agglomérés comparables ou supérieurs à ceux du commerce à tout point de vue.

« Sous ce titre: Chapelles et églises du Vieux Monastère des Ursulines de Québec (1639-1983), notre propos est de présenter les aspect architecturaux et historiques des maisons de prière de la plus ancienne communauté de religieuses enseignantes de l'Amérique du Nord. Le but de ce travail est de permettre de visionner dans une suite chronologique l'évolution polyphasique des chapelles et des églises du Vieux Monastère des Ursulines de Québec, en tentant de transmettre une idée aussi exacte que possible du début et de la progression de cette architecture monastique, dans le temps et dans l'histoire, depuis l'arrivée des Ursulines en 1639 jusqu'à nos jours. Pour ensuite établir des comparaisons avec d'autres types de constructions de communautés religieuses fixées au Québec, et ainsi percer, pour les manifester, les tendances dans la structure des bâtiments de ces communautés religieuses contemporaines de celles du Vieux Monastère: les Récollets, les Jésuites, les Augustines de l'Hôtel-Dieu, le Séminaire de Québec et l'Hôpital-Général; ces ordres respectables de religieux et ces prêtres qui constituent le socle primitif de l'architecture d'expression communautaire pendant le Régime français et l'Après-Conquête. Pour finalement replacer cette partie dans l'ensemble, cheminant modestement entre l'architecture monumentale classique du XVIIe siècle et celle des églises de paroisses, mais demeurant toujours fidèle à elle-même, à ses normes communautaires; solidaire quoique différente, de cette architecture religieuse du Québec, qui naît avec des potentialités saines et robustes, mais, devra se développer avec les lenteurs d'une montée rude, adaptée aux difficultés climatiques, à la rareté de la main-d'oeuvre dans un pays séparé de la mère-patrie par un océan, et à des conditions pécuniaires très limitées. Donc, un objectif de priorité: susciter l'intérêt historique sur les débuts, la progression et l'identification de notre architecture religieuse en milieu communautaire, par l'étude d'un type de développement de cette architecture donnée, couvrant une période de 344 ans, et par des comparaisons avec d'autres paramètres de bâtiments communautaires d'époques contemporaines. Le site géographique primitif, l'histoire et l'architecture des bâtiments seront décrits pour chaque chapelle et église. Et comme une architecture n'est jamais isolée, qu'elle naît, croît, progresse et vit à l'intérieur d'une entité sociale, nous introduirons quelques détails caractéristiques de ce milieu québécois. »--Pages 1-2

This exploratory study considered the possible impact that organizational climate, content area, adult development group, career stage, and conceptual level did have on the implementation of an innovation by junior high school teachers in an urban school system. Formal instrumentation consisted of the Organizational Climate Index (OCI) (Stern, Steinkoff & Richman, 1975) and the Paragraph Completion Method (PCM) for assessing conceptual levels (Hunt, Greenwood, Noy & Watson, 1973). Parameters developed by Sheehy (1976) and Levinson (1979) were used to determine adult development groups; career stages were determine by indicators set by Yarger and Mertens (1979). An approved questionnaire based on the system's model was used to determine the extent of implementation. Reliability coefficients of .79 and better were established for interrater agreement and implementation scores (student and teacher report). A stepwise regression analysis was conducted using the implementation scores and percentage scores for specific tasks as the dependent variables. The broad categories of climate and conceptual level did not impact significantly. However, subscales such as organizational effectiveness, coping with uncertainty, accepting orders, as well as adult development group and career stage were significant at the .01 level. / Ed. D.

A rational voter will vote only when the expected benefits outweigh the costs of voting. The costs of voting include not only transportation costs and wages forgone, but also any bribe to abstain. The product of the probability of affecting the outcome and the utility difference between the alternatives (measured in dollars) is the expected benefit of voting. The probability of affecting the outcome is affected by the voter's estimate of the closeness of the election and the number of voters. Bribery was quite common in nineteenth century British elections. Before the secret ballot was introduced, votes of an individual were public record, making it easy to monitor votes case by a paid voter. After the secret ballot was introduced, monitoring paid voters was difficult, but it was still easy to monitor paid abstainers. This dissertation examines evidence from British elections from this period, testing the assertion that the secret ballot decreased voter turnout along with other hypotheses concerning the effects of the costs and expected benefits on turnout. Multi-seat districts (but a single election) during this period of British elections necessitate an extension of the calculus of voting to include these cases. / Ph. D.

Utilization of the activated sludge process is widespread although many of the mechanisms that make it work are still relatively misunderstood. Recent studies have indicated that dual substrate limitations may occur in the process. Several misconceptions in the basic fundamentals regarding the rates and mechanisms involved in oxygen transfer to wastewater systems also exist. This research investigation examined the effects of the mean cell residence time and wastewater stoichiometry on the operation of the completely mixed activated sludge process under a dual substrate limitation. At low mean cell residence times (θ_c) the system was growth C limited with respect to carbon and at high mean cell residence times the system was oxygen limited. Oxygen transfer studies were conducted to ascertain the relationship between the steady state oxygen transfer coefficient (K_La) and the oxygen uptake rate of the mixed liquor (R). The objectives of this research were accomplished by operating two continuous flow bench scale activated sludge units at COD:TKN ratios of 6.07:1 and 0.65:1. Reactor-1 was operated at a COD:TKN = 6.07:1 and was always growth limited with respect to organic carbon while Reactor-2 was operated at a COD:TKN = 0.65:1 and was carbon limited at low mean cell residence times and oxygen limited at high θ_c values. Mean cell residence time served as the primary control parameter during the laboratory studies and was varied form approximately 2.5 to 21.0 days. Theoretical studies were also conducted in which biokinetic and stoichiometric equations were used to develop a model to simulate the process operating under carbon and oxygen limitations. The model was found to yield results that were similar to the actual experimental data collected. Further refinement of the model by including inhibition functions would result in a model with better predictability. Examination of the experimental data collected during the laboratory study revealed several interesting conclusions. Operation of the activated sludge process at a low COD:TKN ratio (0.65:1) and under an oxygen limitation at high mean cell residence times can result in high levels of free ammonia and nitrite that will lead to a deterioration in effluent quality. Increased removal efficiencies for COD, TKN and NH₃-N can be achieved by operating the process at a high COD:TKN ratio (6.07:1). Steady state oxygen transfer coefficients determined in the mixed liquor of the reactors indicated there was a direct relationship to the oxygen uptake rate of the activated sludge (R). This observation is quite significant since standard aeration theory states that K_La is constant for a given aeration device. Nonsteady state K_La values determined on the effluent from each reactor indicated that K_La was a constant. Alpha and beta coefficients determined from nonsteady state tests on wastewater effluent from each reactor showed no trend with the mean cell residence time. / Ph. D.