Acompanha anexo de legislação Salarial, 1964-1984 / Orientador: Waldir Jose de Queiroz / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-21T12:08:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Costa_EdmilsonSilva_D.pdf: 11844825 bytes, checksum: a80461608772682a3c86a7d0e9060890 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996 / Resumo: Não informado / Abstract: Not informed. / Doutorado / Doutor em Economia

Orientador : Shiguenoli Miyamoto / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-18T22:34:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Belli_Benoni_M.pdf: 4572509 bytes, checksum: c78c43fa66a4ac8644bd056b4fb28d6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 1994 / Resumo: Não informado / Abstract: Not informed. / Mestrado / Mestre em Ciência Política

The general overwintering strategy employed by the woodroach, <i>Cryptocerclls punctulatus</i> (Scudder) appears to be fairly typical among freeze-tolerant insects. In this species, as well as others, heat-labile hemolymph ice nucleating factors induce extracellular ice formation at a high subzero temperature (around -6°C), there is a seasonal accumulation of a cryoprotective substance (polyol) and internal ice is tolerated only during the winter. In addition, body water content does not fluctuate seasonally. Hemolymph Ice Nucleating Factors (INF's) have been previously described from members of the following orders of insects: Diptera, Coleoptera, and Hymenoptera. This study documents the occurrence of INF's in a fourth order: Dictyoptera. <i>Cryptocercus punctulatus</i> contains hemolymph ice nucleating factors through out the year. In this species, hemolymph serum freezes at -5.5°C all year long and appears to be initiated by a heat-labile proteinacious nucleating factor. These proteins may function primarily as nucleators in the winter, and perform other function (s) during the other seasons of the year. A sugar alcohol (ribitol), contained in the hemolymph of <i>Cryptocercus punctulatus</i> was found to fluctuate seasonally. Ribitol levels were highest in the winter months, and declined to undetectable levels in the summer. To date, five polyols have been reported as occurring in insect hemolymph. They are: glycerol, sorbitol, mannitol, erythritol, and threitol. There is one report of the occurrence of an unidentified 5-carbon polyol, possibly either arabitol or ribitol from whole body extracts of winter-acclimated collembolans. This thesis documents the occurrence of ribitol in insect hemolymph. It is assumed that ribitol, like other polyols acts as a cryoprotectant to stabilize protein structure, membrane integrity, and reduce osmotic fluctuations in freezing tissues. / Master of Science

This study examines the communication role of profile perspective maps. This three dimensional map has the role of displaying comparatively simple models of spatial information. The elements of design used to portray profiles are hypothesized to influence map perception. Two of these variables: profile type and rotation are selected for study. Map data are represented in profile maps as a series of stepped or smooth profiles. Smooth profiles portray spatial trends of distributions better than stepped profiles. Bar scales accompany profiles to derive more accurate estimations of profile magnitude. Stepped profiles are more conducive for using bar scales to derive correct estimations of magnitude of the distribution. Rotation is used to present a spatial distribution in a series of maps at different azimuths as three dimensional mapping entails some amount of hidden views. The probability of correct recognition of congruency between profile maps, and detection of azimuth direction depends on the azimuth used, and complexity of the distribution. The number of cartography classes, work experience with maps, and class level did not have significant influence on perception of profiles. Academic major of the subjects was the only significant variable to influence the interpretation of profile maps. / Master of Science / incomplete_metadata

The lipid in milk (milk fat) is found in the form of droplets known as milk lipid globules (MLG). These milk lipid globules are encompassed by a unit membrane known as the milk lipid globule membrane (MLGM) which is derived from the apical plasma membrane of the mammary epithelial cell during secretion. In lactating mammary epithelial cells, immediate precursors of milk lipid globules appear to be cytoplasmic lipid droplets (CLD). These cytoplasmic lipid droplets have diameters >1 μm and are characterized by an electron dense, granular surface coat. A previously unrecognized group of structures with diameters <.5 μm, which resemble cytoplasmic lipid droplets in matrix and surface coat appearance, has been observed. The surface coat of these triacylglycerol containing structures, termed micro lipid droplets (μLD), was similar to that of cytoplasmic lipid droplets in enzyme and polypeptide composition. Morphological evidence suggested that these small structures may originate from rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and fuse with cytoplasmic lipid droplets. Immunochemical studies showed homology of certain proteins among the rough endoplasmic reticulum, micro lipid droplets and cytoplasmic lipid droplets, which supported the possibility of an endoplasmic reticulum origin of these droplets. The rate of incorporation of [1-¹⁴C]-palmitate and [1,2,3-³H]-glycerol into lipid of RER, μLD, CLD and MIG fractions suggested a possible translocation pathway of triacylglycerols from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to cytoplasmic lipid droplets. The micro lipid droplets seem to provide triacylglycerols to support growth of cytoplasmic lipid droplets. In addition, morphological evidence suggested that these micro lipid droplets can be secreted directly in a manner similar to cytoplasmic lipid droplets, providing for the small lipid globules in milk. Little is known concerning the biochemical processes of milk lipid secretion but it is thought that butyrophilin, a glycoprotein found in milk lipid globule membrane, may play a role. After treatment of mammary epithelial cells with tunicamycin, butyrophilin content of this membrane is reduced. Thus a method for the study of the physiological role of this glycoprotein is proposed. / Master of Science

A combination of the Galerkin procedure and the method of multiple scales is used to analyze the nonlinear forced response of circular cylindrical shells in the presence of internal (autoparametric) resonances. If ω_f and a_f denote the frequency and amplitude of a flexural mode and ω_b and a_b denote the frequency and amplitude of the breathing mode, the steady-state response exhibits a saturation phenomenon when ω_b ≈ 2w_f if the shell is excited by a harmonic load having a frequency Ω near ω_b. As the amplitude f of the excitation increases from zero, a_b increases linearly whereas a_f remains zero until a threshold is reached. This threshold is a function of the damping coefficients and ω_b -2w_f. Beyond this threshold, a_b remains constant (i.e., the breathing mode saturates) and the extra energy spills over into the flexural mode. In other words, although the breathing mode is directly excited by the load, it absorbs a small amount of the input energy (responds with a small amplitude) and passes the rest of the input energy into the flexural mode (responds with a large amplitude). / M.S.

Amorphous and semi-crystalline poly(arylene ether sulfone) homo- and copolymers and related structures were systematically synthesized via nucleophilic, aromatic substitution reactions using the potassium carbonate/N-methylpyrrolidone synthesis route. In particular, deuterated poly(arylene ether sulfones) were synthesized in order to investigate molecular motion via deuterium NMR. The mechanical, dynamic mechanical and fracture properties of these materials were also examined. Polysulfones were characterized to be tough, ductile materials and it was found that polysulfone-poly(dimethylsiloxane) block copolymers blends with homopolysulfone serves to further increase their ductility as indicated by fracture toughness K_I,C measurements. In addition, it was demonstrated that functionalized polysulfone was an excellent thermoplastic modifier for brittle epoxy networks. The morphology and properties of these copolymers and copolymer-homopolymer blends were studied as a function of molecular weight and chemical structure. A number of techniques were utilized to elucidate the possible toughening mechanisms that are operative. / Ph. D.

I investigated several aspects of black vulture (<u>Coragyps atratus</u>) and turkey vulture (<u>Cathartes aura</u>) ecology in southcentral Pennsylvania and northern Maryland. Black and turkey vultures did not move randomly over the study area but remained within large (X̅ = 15,993 and 62,953 ha respectively) home ranges. Ninety five percent of radioed vulture activity was within 15 km of the location at which the birds were trapped. Although home range size was not different between species, turkey vultures had greater variation in home range size. Within home ranges, while perched or roosting, vultures preferred forests and undeveloped areas and avoided cropland and urban areas. Nesting vultures only used caves within forested diabase rock formations. While feeding, birds preferred pasture and cropland and avoided forest and urban areas. Farm carrion was an important food resource for both species. Black vultures fed more on carrion greater than 15 kg in size than did turkey vultures. In winter vultures fed sooner after sunrise than in summer. Black and turkey vultures began laying eggs in mid-March and mid-April respectively. Nestling growth rates were higher for turkey vultures than for black vultures. Productivity as calculated by the Mayfield method was 0.73 and 0.42 young per active nest for black and turkey vultures respectively. Planned vegetation and road changes on Gettysburg National Military Park could affect the populations. Residential development outside the Park has had and will continue to have detrimental impacts on nesting habitat. / Master of Science

The effects of grazing by the small oligochaete, Aeolosoma, on periphyton assemblages of different algal composition and on unconditioned detritus were examined. Natural water and periphyton inoculum were collected from a littoral environment and used to construct laboratory microcosms. Changes in algal community composition, microbial respiration, and structural indices (Chlorophyll a, protein, and carbohydrate) were measured in grazed and ungrazed cultures through time in 2 to 12 d experiments. Grazed cultures after 10 to 12 d had dissimilar algal community compositions in both the early and late summer periphytic assemblages as measured by Pinkham and Pearson's Index of Similarity (B). Changes resulted from stimulation (Green coccoids, thin green filaments) and suppression (certain diatoms) of individual algal taxa, and not from the dramatic shifts in comunity composition and structure effected by macroinvertebrate grazing. / Master of Science

The advent of anionic "living" polymerization in the late 1950’s lead to developments in synthetic control not yet approached by other polymerization mechanisms. Parameters such as molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, stereochemistry, chain end functional groups, polymer architecture and sequence distribution may ideally be controlled with anionic polymerization. The vast majority of anionic syntheses have dealt with the "hydrocarbon" monomers-styrene and its derivitives, butadiene, and isoprene. This attention has been due principally to these monomer's ability to polymerize in a "living" (non-terminating or transferring) fashion over a wide range of conditions. Alkyl methacrylate monomers have received very sparce synthetic attention, however. This is presumably due to the difficulty in defining non-terminating polymerization conditions and, more importantly, the inability to arrive at anionic polymerization—grade monomers (i.e., monomers that are free from terminating impurities such as alcohols). A method has been developed which provides ultra-pure alkyl methacrylate monomers for anionic synthesis. This method takes advantage of the chemistry of trialkyl aluminum compounds - their reactivity with alcohols and moisture, and their complex formation with methacrylic esters which facilitates titration of impurities. These anionic polymerization-grade monomers have lead to the synthesis of controlled molecular weight methacrylate polymers up to molecular weights of 105 g/mole, clean all-acrylic block copolymer systems with highly controllable phase separating properties, and styrene-methacrylate block copolymer systems which also serve as model systems for the study of phase separation of glass—glass systems. The methacrylate unit has also been controllably incorporated into copolymer systems (block copolymers) to serve as a "pre-ionic" functionality. Hydrolysis of the ester group leads to ionomers of controlled structure. These systems have properties quite different from more conventional "random" ionomers, e.g., highly extended rubbery plateau behavior and no change in Tg with ion content. / Ph. D.