This paper discusses the influence of religious aspects in rural thought and how they played in the activities of agrarian movements and farm protest movements. The religious orientations of major agrarian reformers in Texas is discussed, as well as the similarities between Protestant religious institutions and agrarian institutions, specifically the Farmers' Alliance and People's Party of Texas.

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Chan, Chi Him. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references. / Abstracts in English and Chinese; includes Chinese. / Abstract / Acknowledgement / Table of Contents / Notes on the Style / Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Christianity and Late Qing China (1860-1900) / Chapter 1.2 --- The Sources and Their Authors / Chapter 1.3 --- Outline of the Thesis / Chapter Chapter 2: --- Literature Review / Chapter 2.1: --- Works on Chinese Protestant Christians in Late Qing / Chapter 2.1.1: --- Chinese Protestant Christians' Reception of the Bible / Chapter 2.1.2: --- Historical Context of Chinese Protestant Christians / Chapter 2.1.3: --- History of Translation of the Chinese Bible / Chapter 2.2: --- Methodological Review / Chapter 2.2.1: --- Challenges from Hermeneutic Theories / Chapter 2.2.2: --- Hermeneutical Communities and Hermeneutical Strategies / Chapter 2.2.3: --- Cultural Differences and Linguistic Peculiarity / Chapter Chapter 3: --- The General Reception of the Bible by Chinese Protestant Christians / Chapter 3.1: --- Chinese Protestant Christians' General Attitudes towards the Bible / Chapter 3.2: --- Chinese Protestant Christians' Reception of the Old Testament / Chapter 3.3: --- Chinese Protestant Christians' Reception of the New Testament / Chapter Chapter 4: --- "Christianity, Heterodoxy and Social Order" / Chapter 4.1: --- Late Qing Context: Christianity as Heterodoxy / Chapter 4.1.1: --- Legacy of the Taiping Rebellion / Chapter 4.1.2: --- Mingjiao and Christianity / Chapter 4.1.3: --- "Sorcery, Rebellion and Heterodoxy" / Chapter 4.1.4: --- Conflicts over the Building of Churches / Chapter 4.2: --- The Decline of the Qing Dynasty / Chapter 4.2.1: --- The Corruption of the Qing Administration / Chapter 4.2.2: --- The Advance of the West and the Decline of the Qing Court / Chapter 4.3: --- Jesus and his Kingdom in Context / Chapter 4.3.1: --- The Background of the Reception of the Kingdom of Heaven / Chapter 4.3.2: --- The Kingdom of Heaven as the Kingdom for the Dead / Chapter 4.3.3: --- The Kingdom of Heaven Promotes Social Order / Chapter Chapter 5: --- "The Bible, Chinese Traditions and Confucianism" / Chapter 5.1: --- Confucianism and Chinese Traditional Values / Chapter 5.1.1: --- The Development of Academic Confucianism until Late Qing / Chapter 5.1.2: --- The Three Sects and the Tradition of Moral Books / Chapter 5.2: --- Chinese Protestant Christians' Interpretation of the Bible / Chapter 5.2.1: --- Accusation of Violation of Filial Piety and Christians' Response / Chapter 5.2.2: --- The Idea of Reward and Punishment according to Human Behavior / Chapter 5.2.3: --- Salvation on both Morality and Faith / Chapter 5.3: --- Chinese Protestant Christians' Attitudes towards Confucianism / Chapter 5.3.1: --- The Real Heir of Confucianism / Chapter 5.3.2: --- A Tide of Anti-Confucianism? / Chapter Chapter 6: --- Conclusion / Appendix: List of Transliteration of Name used in this Thesis / Bibliography

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In the Victorian novel, gender-based social norms dictated appropriate behaviour. Female wrongdoing was not only judged according to the law, but also according to the idealized conception of womanhood. It was this implicit cultural measure, and how far the woman contravened the feminine norms of society, that defined her criminal act rather than the act itself or the injury her act inflicted. When a woman deviated from the Victorian construction of the ideal woman, she was stigmatized and labelled. The fallen woman was viewed as a moral menance, a contagion. Foreign women who committed crimes were judged for their 'lack of Englishness.' Insanity evolved into not only a medical explanation for bizarre behaviour, but also a legal explanation for criminal behaviour. Finally, the habitual woman criminal and the infanticidal mother were seen as unnatural. Regardless of the crime committed, female criminals were ostracized and removed from 'respectable' English society. / vii, 163 leaves ; 29 cm.

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East Central Indiana's Gas Boom began when natural gas was discovered in 1886 and lasted until 1906 when the supply fell too short to meet the demand. The resource brought magnificent wealth to the region, as industries developed in the area and drew thousands of workers. The incredible population growth resulted in a building boom, creating new churches, houses, industrial buildings, and civic buildings. Although the resource ran out and many towns quickly decreased in population, the buildings remained as a testament to the Gas Boom years. Several styles of architecture were popular during this period, and for churches the predominant styles were Gothic Revival and Romanesque Revival. Using a sample of Gothic Revival and Romanesque Revival churches located across the nation as models, this thesis studies the Gas Boom churches of Alexandria, Elwood, and Hartford City to determine if they represented the national trends in church architecture during this period. / Department of Architecture

This document is an examination of the millwork industry in the nineteenth century and its influence upon the residential built environment. This study explores influences and results in relation to the development of millwork in the United States. The first is the technological divergence that developed between the United States and Europe, as America introduced different technologies to exploit the vast amounts of timber accessible to the New World. The second development occurred as the New World slowly developed a taste for the type of elaborate millwork previously associated with wealthy patrons. Low cost of materials and new technologies made more complicated wood finishes available to those of modest means. The third situation reflects the struggle between an elite class of architects and pattern book designers, who advocated restraint in design, and carpenter-builders and their clients, who wanted to display their talent or status through the use of a high level of ornamental millwork. / Department of Architecture